{"title":"Theoretical analysis of the reaction mechanism of D2 gas generation using a Pd/C catalyst†","authors":"Hikaru Tanaka , Takashi Ikawa , Hironao Sajiki , Masanori Tachikawa , Taro Udagawa","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01537a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01537a","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient D<sub>2</sub> gas generation is crucial for synthesizing deuterated compounds. This study reveals that D<sub>2</sub> forms <em>via</em> the Grotthuss mechanism in a D<sub>2</sub>O–H<sub>2</sub> system on a Pd/C catalyst. The process involves a D<sub>2</sub>O–H* interaction forming an HD<sub>2</sub>O* intermediate and proton–electron transfer, transferring charge to the metal surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1434-1438"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peiyan Lin , Renhong Chen , Sheng Xu , Xia Xia , Fang Zhao , Xuefeng Ren , Yumeng Lu , Liguo Gao , Junjiang Bao , Anmin Liu
{"title":"Efficient Co and GO co-doped TiO2 catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia†","authors":"Peiyan Lin , Renhong Chen , Sheng Xu , Xia Xia , Fang Zhao , Xuefeng Ren , Yumeng Lu , Liguo Gao , Junjiang Bao , Anmin Liu","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01228c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01228c","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) reduction to ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) has emerged as an environmentally friendly method for ammonia production due to its clean, efficient, and sustainable attributes. In this study, we prepared Co-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> materials with graphene oxide (GO), Co–TiO<sub>2</sub>/GO, as potential NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>RR electrocatalysts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed a spherical structure for the catalysts. Following a series of electrochemical tests, our findings indicated that Co-doping significantly enhances the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>RR activity of TiO<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, incorporating GO notably diminishes the initial potential of titania-based catalysts, thereby strengthening the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>RR performance of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The engineered Co–TiO<sub>2</sub>/GO exhibits superior NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>RR electrochemical properties, achieving an NH<sub>3</sub> yield of up to 7.424 mg h<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> and a Faraday efficiency of up to 56.5% at −1.1 V <em>vs.</em> RHE potential. This performance surpasses that of Co–TiO<sub>2</sub>, with minimal by-product NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> generation. We also conducted tests without the catalyst and in the absence of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> in the electrolyte, confirming that the nitrogen in the synthesized ammonia was not derived from impurities in the catalyst or the electrolyte. Furthermore, Co–TiO<sub>2</sub>/GO demonstrated robust stability during eight cycles and 24 hours of continuous testing for the NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>RR performance. Theoretical calculations suggest that doping TiO<sub>2</sub> with Co and GO can enhance its electronic structure and conductivity, thereby facilitating the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1445-1455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface analysis of thermally stable Pt loaded CeO2–ZrO2 using colloidal Pt for TWC application†","authors":"Hiroki Tanaka , Yoshinori Endo , Masaaki Haneda","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01364f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01364f","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suppressing Pt aggregation is the most effective way to prepare highly active Pt-based three-way catalysts (TWCs), as Pt aggregation easily occurs during driving operations. As previously reported, forming a strong interaction between Pt and CeO<sub>2</sub> is a promising method to suppress aggregation in TWCs. In this study, we utilize different Pt precursors to modify the interaction in Pt-loaded CeO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> (Pt/CZ). In fact, Pt/CZ prepared using colloidal Pt (C-Pt) exhibits significantly higher catalytic activity for purifying exhaust gas emissions than conventional Pt/CZ prepared using dinitrodiammine Pt (Pt-P) after aging treatment at 1000 °C under air. However, aging treatment under N<sub>2</sub> leads to the opposite result. IR analyses using CO as a probe gas indicated that the oxidation state of Pt derived from Pt-P was strongly affected by the atmosphere during aging treatment. The Pt particles formed on the surface of CZ from Pt-P were easily oxidized under air aging, often causing serious Pt aggregation. On the other hand, Pt particles dispersed on CZ as C-Pt were hardly affected. Further analyses such as TPR and IR using methanol as a probe molecule revealed that changes in the redox properties were attributed to the different amounts of boundary between Pt and CZ. The results suggest that the interface between Pt and CZ should be limited when oxidative operating conditions are expected because the extensive boundary provokes serious Pt aggregation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1473-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photocatalytic selective oxidation of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol coupled with Cd-MOF/S/Ni–NiO for hydrogen evolution performance and mechanism†","authors":"Ying Zhang , Afaq Hassan , Jiang Li , Jide Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01389a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01389a","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, Cd-MOF/S/Ni–NiO (MOF = metal–organic framework) composite materials were prepared using a hydrothermal synthesis method and employed for the high-efficiency photocatalytic oxidation of the lignin β-O-4 model compound 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol, coupled with water splitting hydrogen evolution. The Cd-MOF/S/Ni–NiO composite material retained the petal-like morphology of Cd-MOF, with Ni-BTC acting as the precursor for Ni–NiO, effectively preventing metal agglomeration. Without the addition of Ni–NiO, the main photocatalytic oxidation products of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol were phenol and acetophenone, and only 2.6% of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanone was produced, with a hydrogen production rate of 102 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. However, after the addition of 1 mmol Ni–NiO, 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol was almost completely converted, with phenol and acetophenone yields of 30% and 32%, respectively. The yield of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanone increased to 62%, and the hydrogen production rate reached 1058 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>. It was found that the addition of an appropriate amount of Ni–NiO facilitated the formation of the oxidation product of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanone. The reaction mechanism was subsequently verified, revealing that h<sup>+</sup> is the main oxidizing species in the photocatalytic oxidation of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol. This work demonstrates a dual-optimized catalytic system for the highly selective oxidation of lignin β-O-4 model compounds, coupled with simultaneous hydrogen production, providing new insights into the high-value application of lignin in the catalytic conversion of polymetallic oxides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1594-1603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carbon dioxide refinery: critical review of valorisation processes into sustainable higher alcohol production","authors":"Subhasis Das , Ganapati D. Yadav","doi":"10.1039/d4cy00870g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy00870g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CO<sub>2</sub> refinery concept is vital for achieving net zero emission goal. Transforming CO<sub>2</sub> into fuels, chemicals, and materials offers an encouraging and profitable solution alongside renewable energy and green hydrogen. Higher alcohols (C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>4</sub> alcohols) are essential in modern society and extensively used in the production of chemicals, solvents, and fuels. Even though bioethanol production from biomass is established, transforming CO<sub>2</sub> into higher alcohols presents a more sustainable and green initiative. Nevertheless, challenges like breaking the stable C–O bond in CO<sub>2</sub> and regulating C–C coupling in higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) make the process unfavourable. The present review highlights all the advancements in CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation for higher alcohol production, focusing on both the direct and indirect routes, catalytic systems, and efficient processes in both batch and fixed-bed reactors. Addressing these challenges will guide the development of efficient catalysts and processes for sustainable CO<sub>2</sub> utilization, supporting a greener future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1294-1338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Woodrow N. Wilson , John Michael Lane , Chinmoy Saha , Sony Severin , Vivek S. Bharadwaj , Neeraj Rai
{"title":"Nature of molybdenum carbide surfaces for catalytic hydrogen dissociation using machine-learned potentials: an ensemble-averaged perspective†","authors":"Woodrow N. Wilson , John Michael Lane , Chinmoy Saha , Sony Severin , Vivek S. Bharadwaj , Neeraj Rai","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01202j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01202j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum carbides with an electronic structure similar to noble metals have gained attention as a promising low-cost catalyst for biomass valorization and the hydrogen evolution reaction. However, our fundamental understanding of the catalyst surface and how different phases of these catalysts behave at varying reaction conditions is limited to ground state density functional theory calculations as <em>ab initio</em> molecular dynamics (AIMD) is computationally prohibitive at relevant length and time scales. In this work, we train a multi-atomic cluster expansion (MACE) machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIP) to study hydrogen dissociation and dynamics over Mo, <em>δ</em>-MoC, α-Mo<sub>2</sub>C, and β-Mo<sub>2</sub>C surfaces at varying temperatures and hydrogen partial pressures. Our simulations identify unique and different molecular and atomic hydrogen adsorption sites on different surfaces that do not depend on the temperature. At low hydrogen pressures, the surface coverage is monolayer, which transitions to two-layer adsorption at higher pressures. We find that atomic hydrogen diffusion and recombinations are preferred over molybdenum atom hollow sites, while the diffusion over carbon-terminated facets was negligible, signifying particularly strong C–H interactions. In contrast, molecular hydrogen adsorption occurs mostly atop Mo or the bridging sites. At a comparable hydrogen loading, β-Mo<sub>2</sub>C (001) is the most active surface for hydrogen dissociation reaction. This work provides insights into the dynamic nature of the hydrogen dissociation chemistry and the diversity of hydrogen adsorption sites on molybdenum carbides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1492-1505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Shan , Zhiqiang Zhang , Junyan You , Ranran Li , Xuexiang Ma
{"title":"A DFT mechanistic study on nickel-catalyzed arylation of amino alcohols with aryl electrophiles: insights into the origins of chemoselectivity†","authors":"Chao Shan , Zhiqiang Zhang , Junyan You , Ranran Li , Xuexiang Ma","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01460j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01460j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of alcohols/amines with aryl halides enable the challenging chemoselective <em>O</em>- or <em>N</em>-arylation of complex substrates concurrently containing competitive NH and OH moieties. Here, the reaction mechanisms and origins of the selective arylation of isolated alcohols or amines and amino alcohols with electrophiles were investigated using DFT calculations. The reaction proceeds sequentially through oxidative addition, anion exchange, and reductive elimination to produce the final product. Reductive elimination is the rate- and chemoselectivity-determining step of the overall reaction, and the energy differences of reductive elimination transition states can quantitatively rationalize the experimental results of chemoselectivity. The steric effect is the main factor regulating <em>N</em>- or <em>O</em>-arylation for competitive alcohols and alkylamines, while the electronic effect and steric effect jointly govern the <em>N</em>-arylation selectivity for competitive alcohols and arylamines. Furthermore, regarding the selective <em>O</em>-arylation of amino alcohols, the chemoselectivity originates from the smaller distortion of the substrate and catalyst, the stronger interaction between the lone pair electron n(O) and the vacant σ*(Ni–C) orbital, and the larger C–O non-covalent interaction strength. These insights into the factors regulating chemoselectivity will enable the development of selective arylation methods for complex substrates with competing nucleophilic sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1634-1643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Kui , Shuang Zhao , Yunhong Hu , Kai Zheng , Yuanhui Yao , Song Chen , Nana Wang , Peng Gao , Zhongchao Bai , Wei Ye
{"title":"Strongly coupled Ag/Cu with MXene for efficient tandem nitrate reduction reaction and zinc–nitrate batteries†","authors":"Bin Kui , Shuang Zhao , Yunhong Hu , Kai Zheng , Yuanhui Yao , Song Chen , Nana Wang , Peng Gao , Zhongchao Bai , Wei Ye","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01511h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01511h","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical conversion of nitrate ions into valuable ammonia represents a sustainable alternative to the traditional Haber–Bosch process. However, ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate reduction is still limited by the low catalytic activity and faradaic efficiency. This work puts forward a two-step tandem strategy for nitrate reduction to ammonia by integrating charge polarized Ag nanoparticles and Cu nanoclusters on MXene to boost the electrocatalytic performance. The strongly coupled Ag nanoparticles/Cu clusters with MXene result in polarized Ag<sup><em>δ</em>+</sup>/Cu<sup><em>δ</em>+</sup>, which preferentially catalyzes NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> → NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> → NH<sub>3</sub> conversions, respectively. The synthesized Ag/Cu/MXene composite sample achieves an ammonia yield rate of 10.3 mol g<sub>cat.</sub><sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> and a faradaic efficiency of 87.7% at −1.0 V <em>versus</em> a reversible hydrogen electrode, as well as good cycling stability. The composite was assembled into a zinc–nitrate battery as the cathode; the open-circuit voltage of the battery reaches 1.81 V, with a maximum output power density of 5.75 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>, demonstrating potential application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 5","pages":"Pages 1617-1626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haitao Huang , Zhijie Chen , Haijin Li , Yongtao Li , Xiaolong Deng
{"title":"Fe, Co, and Ni co-doped nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction†","authors":"Haitao Huang , Zhijie Chen , Haijin Li , Yongtao Li , Xiaolong Deng","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01507j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01507j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The creation of efficient non-precious metals is crucial for advancing electrochemical systems used in energy conversion and storage technologies. This work introduces an exceptionally potent and durable electrocatalyst, a trimetallic nitrogen-enriched carbon nanotube composite (FeCoNi@CNTs-NC-2), synthesized through a process of pyrolysis followed by acid treatment. Electrochemical tests have demonstrated that this catalyst displays remarkable performance and longevity in facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction. Furthermore, when integrated into Zn–air batteries, it delivers outstanding open-circuit voltage, power output, and specific energy capacity. These discoveries offer valuable insights for the engineering of effective and reliable electrocatalysts based on non-precious metal alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 1238-1246"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amer Alhaj Zen , Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee , Rafid Kamal Jameel , Morug Salih Mahdi , Aseel Salah Mansoor , Usama Kadem Radi , Ameer Hassan Idan , Hala Bahai , Elyor Berdimurodov , Ilyos Eliboev , Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
{"title":"Designing a reusable chiral SPE electrode with Mg nanoparticles on graphene oxide for efficient enantioselective Grignard carboxylation of (1-bromoethyl)benzenes in a deep eutectic solvent","authors":"Amer Alhaj Zen , Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi Alaridhee , Rafid Kamal Jameel , Morug Salih Mahdi , Aseel Salah Mansoor , Usama Kadem Radi , Ameer Hassan Idan , Hala Bahai , Elyor Berdimurodov , Ilyos Eliboev , Abdulrahman A. Almehizia","doi":"10.1039/d4cy01324g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4cy01324g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Researchers have developed a novel electrode for the enantioselective electro-organic Grignard carboxylation of (1-bromoethyl)benzenes with carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) . This study focuses on using Mg nanoparticle-catalyzed graphene oxide modified with Prl-tacd@Mg, with a surface area of 95.3 [m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>] which, when combined with a choline chloride acetamide (ChCl/Ac) deep eutectic solvent, significantly enhances electrochemical performance. The goal is to achieve high selectivity and efficiency in the carboxylation process, contributing to sustainable chemical transformations. This innovative approach allows for the electro-organic synthesis of (<em>R</em>)-2-phenylpropanoic acid derivatives at a current of 15 mA for 30 min at room temperature, achieving yields between 88% and 96%. The ChCl/Ac system serves as a cost-effective electrolyte and solvent, facilitating an increased reaction rate. The synthesized products were characterized through various analytical techniques, including melting point analysis, 1HNMR spectroscopy, and CHN composition analysis. The electrode's performance was thoroughly evaluated using techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Its affordability and environmentally friendly characteristics highlight its potential for advancing sustainable electro-organic synthesis processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":"15 4","pages":"Pages 1185-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}