Catalysis Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogenation of levulinic acid to value-added chemical platforms†","authors":"Pol Vilariño, Elvira Gómez and Albert Serrà","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00319A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00319A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of levulinic acid (LA) has been identified as a sustainable and energy-efficient route for the production of high-value chemicals, including γ-valerolactone (GVL) and valeric acid (VA). This study explores the electrochemical reduction of LA using electrodeposited Cu-, Ni-, and Ru-based catalysts, including their binary (CuNi, CuRu, NiRu) and ternary (CuNiRu) systems, under both acidic and alkaline conditions. Catalysts were prepared by electrodeposition from new developed formulations. Among the electrocatalysts studied, Ni-rich deposits exhibited superior performance, with CuNi and CuNiRu catalysts achieving faradaic efficiencies above 80%, LA conversion rates exceeding 85%, and GVL selectivity as high as 94% in acidic media. Electrochemical analyses revealed that the reaction pathway and product distribution were strongly influenced by catalyst composition and solution pH, with acidic conditions favouring higher conversion efficiencies and selectivity toward GVL. Conversely, alkaline media gave rise to diminished reaction rates and a shift toward VA production. In acidic medium, reusability tests assessed the long-term stability of CuNi-based catalysts, with moderate performance degradation over multiple cycles and negligible catalyst leaching. A comparative analysis with state-of-the-art electrocatalysts highlights the competitive advantages of the developed materials, particularly in terms of efficiency and selectivity. The findings emphasise the potential of electrodeposited Ni-rich deposits for scalable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly biomass conversion, advancing the prospects of electrochemical LA valorisation as a viable alternative to conventional hydrogenation methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 14","pages":" 4223-4237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cy/d5cy00319a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing CO2 hydrogenation via nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres and in situ ruthenium nanoparticle synthesis†","authors":"Pradeep S. Murthy, Oliver J. Conquest, Lizhuo Wang, Xiaoyan Liu, Jian Liu, Catherine Stampfl and Jun Huang","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00368G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00368G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >As the excessive presence of CO<small>₂</small> continues to infiltrate the Earth's atmosphere, a crucial mitigation strategy is not merely capturing CO<small>₂</small> but converting it into more useful fuels and chemicals, such as CO and CH<small>₄</small>, through CO<small>₂</small> hydrogenation. This process is easily accelerated using a catalyst. A Ru/CNS nano-catalyst was studied, in which 1 wt% of ruthenium metal nanoparticles were dispersed over nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres (CNSs) derived from resorcinol (Res) or 3-aminophenol (APF) and synthesized with or without a direct <em>in situ</em> mixing method. The generated C–N surface of the Ru/CNS-APF (<em>in situ</em>) catalyst not only possessed smaller, embedded, and well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles (2.38 nm), but also had a strong synergistic effect with the Ru species. The characterization and reaction test results indeed evidenced that this catalyst possessed the strongest activity (∼60% CO<small>₂</small> conversion and ∼85% CO selectivity at 600 °C and 3H<small>₂</small> : 1CO<small>₂</small> molar feed ratio). A 10 h stability test effectively demonstrated that the catalyst maintained its active and stable performance, with no major structural changes post-reaction. A density functional theory (DFT) model comprising a Ru nanostructure adsorbed on a C–N layer (graphene with substituted pyridinic-N) demonstrated easier CO<small>₂</small> capture on C–N before subsequent diffusion onto Ru. A strong electronic and material synergy between Ru and C–N was verified, and the preferred reaction intermediate was <em>trans</em>-COOH. The analysis proved both that a nitrogen-doped carbon nanosphere (CNS) support synthesized <em>via in situ</em> Ru incorporation enhances CO<small>₂</small> hydrogenation efficiency and that such Ru/C–N-based catalysts are highly capable towards addressing the global climate challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 13","pages":" 3976-3990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimizing radiative and nonradiative energy leakage in red-light-absorbing supramolecular nanoassemblies to boost oxidative photocatalytic activity in water†","authors":"Aditya Singh, Manoj Kumar and Vandana Bhalla","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00131E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00131E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Harnessing abundant red-light, which constitutes a significant portion of solar radiation, to energize oxidative transformations is an economic and eco-friendly strategy for sustainable chemistry. Given this consideration, red-light-absorbing J-type nanoassemblies based on a donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) building block (<strong>BrTPA-Py</strong>) with 4-bromo-<em>N</em>,<em>N</em>-diphenylaniline as the donor and pyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile as the acceptor have been developed in aqueous media. The strategic incorporation of bromine atoms at the periphery enhanced spin–orbit coupling and restricted nonradiative/radiative decay through bromine⋯bromine noncovalent interactions. Due to the synergistic effect of strong charge-transfer characteristics, presence of bromine atoms and restricted inter/intramolecular motion, rapid intersystem crossing (ISC) is facilitated in <strong>BrTPA-Py</strong> nanoassemblies, enabling the activation of aerial oxygen through type I (electron transfer) and/or type II (energy transfer) pathways upon irradiation by red-light. The remarkable photosensitization potential of <strong>BrTPA-Py</strong> nanoassemblies has been unveiled to catalyse the oxidation of phosphines and hydroxylation of arylboronic acids under red-light irradiation, which is unprecedented. This investigation presents a simple design strategy to propel advances in sustainable photocatalysis by regulating the dynamics of excited state under low-energy radiation through the incorporation of halogen atoms in the backbone of the building block with strong charge-transfer characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 13","pages":" 4024-4036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable copper-based metal–organic framework-supported Pt–Bi nanoparticles for selective oxidation of glycerol into dihydroxyacetone†","authors":"Liang Lv, Tao Chen, Chaohui Guan, Jing Yu, Yijing Pian, Zihan Ma, Junfeng Du, Shuai Zhang, Hang Wei and Haibin Chu","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00405E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00405E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The selective oxidation of glycerol into high-value-added products (<em>e.g.</em>, dihydroxyacetone, DHA) has attracted much attention. However, it is still constrained by low DHA selectivity (≤60%) under high glycerol conversion. Herein, we report a Pt–Bi nanoparticle catalyst supported on Cu-based metal–organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs, HKUST-1). Cu-MOF as a support promotes electron transfer from the support to Pt–Bi and inhibits the decomposition of DHA. <em>In situ</em> FTIR, O<small>₂</small>-TPD, kinetic experiments, EPR experiments, and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques show that Cu-MOF with rich microporous structure can promote oxygen adsorption and water dissociation and enhance the strong adsorption capacity of glycerol and the ability to generate abundant OH*, which is conducive to accelerating the conversion of glycerol to DHA. Consequently, Pt–Bi/Cu-MOF maintains considerable DHA selectivity (68.8%) even at a high glycerol conversion (94.2%), gaining a high yield of DHA (62.9%). Importantly, the stability of the Cu-MOF support as well as the intense metal–support interaction ensures the stability of the catalyst, which keeps superior glycerol oxidation performance after 10 reaction cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 14","pages":" 4279-4290"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability enhancement of an integrated ZnO/Zn3As2/SrTiO3 photocatalyst for photocatalytic overall water splitting†","authors":"Zhiquan Yin, Wenlong Zhen, Xiaofeng Ning, Zhengzhi Han and Gongxuan Lu","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00427F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00427F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Visible and infrared radiation account for approximately 95% of the solar energy input to the Earth. However, only a few long-wavelength responding catalysts have been reported thus far. In order to achieve the goal of solar hydrogen scale-up generation, it is essential to develop a novel catalyst that can work in the main visible region (400–700 nm) or beyond. Zn<small>₃</small>As<small>₂</small>, a potential candidate that is sensitive to this light region, suffers from serious photo-corrosion and low stability in photocatalytic overall water-splitting (OWS) reactions. In this study, a stable ZnO/Zn<small>₃</small>As<small>₂</small>/SrTiO<small>₃</small> heterojunction photocatalyst was developed, which exhibited remarkably enhanced stability and operated for over 5 cycles in 15 hours without significant activity decay. In contrast, the naked Zn<small>₃</small>As<small>₂</small> only presented a few minutes of activity. The pronounced stability and activity enhancement were due to the faster charge separation facilitated by the heterojunction of SrTiO<small>₃</small> and ZnO/Zn<small>₃</small>As<small>₂</small> and the protection of Zn<small>₃</small>As<small>₂</small> from photo-corrosion from oxygen and water oxidation by the ZnO layer. This work provides valuable insights into a new strategy for developing stable OWS photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production and energy storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 14","pages":" 4259-4265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectrocatalysis for solar fuels and sustainable energy","authors":"Rodrigo M. Iost, Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez and Frank N. Crespilho","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00177C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00177C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bioelectrocatalysis has emerged as an important area in the transition to sustainable energy, offering a green and efficient way for producing solar fuels, bioelectricity, and value-added chemicals. This review presents a comprehensive roadmap for bioelectrocatalytic systems, focusing on key enzymes, microorganisms, and bioelectrochemical processes that drive these technologies. Enzymes such as hydrogenases and nitrogenases play essential roles in hydrogen production and renewable nitrogen fixation, while photosynthetic microorganisms like cyanobacteria are suitable for biophotovoltaic applications. Recent advances in electrode materials, genetic engineering of biocatalysts, and nanomaterial integration have significantly improved electron transfer efficiency and biocatalyst stability. The use of bioelectrochemical systems, including mediated and direct electron transfer mechanisms, offers enhanced performance for applications ranging from microbial fuel cells to CO<small>₂</small> reduction and artificial photosynthesis. Despite the progress, challenges remain in optimizing biocatalyst stability, improving large-scale industrial applicability, and integrating bioelectrocatalysis with solar energy systems. This review highlights these advancements and addresses future directions, emphasizing the role of bioelectrocatalysis in developing a circular bio-economy and sustainable energy infrastructure.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 13","pages":" 3793-3805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in the fabrication and properties of tailored COFs for catalytic theranostic processes, energy storage and environmental sustainability","authors":"K. Preethi, C. Senthamil, J. Hemalatha, J. J. Umashankar and I. Prabha","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00192G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00192G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are innovative porous materials that have attracted significant attention because of their remarkable structural stability, adaptability, and other properties and are composed of fundamental organic building blocks interconnected by covalent bonds. In contrast to the metal bonds present in other materials, the majority of the bonds in COFs are C–C, C–N, C–O and N–N bonds, and hence, they are safer. The key characteristic properties of COFs that make them ideal materials are high porosity, large surface area, chemical stability, tunable pore size and shape, structural diversity and functionalization, among others. The functional groups of COFs are derived from the organic monomers employed in their synthesis, which influence their properties and applications. Owing to their numerous advantages, COFs show efficiency for various applications in the modern world, including photocatalysis, sensing and CO<small>₂</small> reduction for to detect and eliminate harmful pollutants, energy storage applications to address the pressing need for energy conservation on a global scale without posing threats to the environment. This review explains different factors such as functional groups, active sites, dangling bonds, dimensions, porosity and synthesis methods (such as solvothermal, microwave, ionothermal, and light-induced processes), which influence the material's specificity for targeted applications. In addition, this review provides some significant novel concepts such as hemodialysis (HD), hemoperfusion (HP), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and enzyme mimetic properties for the first time. Hence, it supports the groundwork for utilizing the multifunctional potential of COFs in future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 14","pages":" 4085-4120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in transition metal iron-based catalysts: enhancing catalytic activity through electron transfer","authors":"Lu Huang, Weigang Zhu and Yunxin Wu","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00096C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00096C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this perspective, we aim to explore the latest advancements in a range of design improvements in iron-based catalysts, with a particular focus on electron transfer during catalytic processes. Up to now, various design improvements have been employed to enhance the catalytic activity of heterogeneous iron-based catalysts, including adjustment of microstructure, introduction of support materials, construction of core–shell structures, and incorporation of new components. The effectiveness of these adjustments is contingent upon enhancing the interfacial electron transfer capabilities of heterogeneous iron-based catalysts. Accelerating electron transfer is a fundamental measure to enhance the catalytic ability of the catalyst. Particularly, the activation of pollutants and oxidants during the electron transfer process will lead to different activation mechanisms, combinations, and transformations of activation pathways. Furthermore, considering the practical applications of iron-based composite catalysts, we have also provided future research directions, which address some challenging issues and possible solutions. These directions are crucial for guiding future efforts in catalyst development and optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 13","pages":" 3784-3792"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NH3-induced activation of hydrophilic Fe–N–C nanocages for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction†","authors":"Bin Wu, Haibing Meng, Dulce M. Morales, Bo Liu, Deniz Wong, Christian Schulz, Giacomo Zuliani, Maddalena Zoli, Omeshwari Y. Bisen, Samuel Hall, Annika Bande, Zhenbo Wang, Marcel Risch and Tristan Petit","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00124B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00124B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Non-noble metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are urgently needed in metal–air batteries, seawater batteries and fuel cells. Fe–N–C materials are among the most active catalysts for the ORR. Fe–N–C synthesis usually requires post-heat treatment after pyrolysis which is time-consuming and inevitably triggers inactive aggregate Fe species due to difficulties in controllable atom-level modulation. Here, highly active Fe–N–C catalysts were prepared by a simple process involving an ammonia etching treatment by using ZIF-8 as a hard template and a mixture of FeSO<small>₄</small> and 2-methylimidazole as the Fe, N and C precursors. The direct ammonia treatment modulates N and Fe active species and removes the unstable carbon framework to form pyrolyzed Fe–N–C nanocages with a well-dispersed pore structure. The obtained Fe–N–C exhibits a potential of 0.89 V <em>vs.</em> RHE at a kinetic current density of −1 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> (<em>E</em><small>₋₁</small>) for the ORR, similar to commercial Pt/C, but outperforming it in terms of stability and methanol tolerance. <em>In situ</em> electrochemical Raman and density functional theory provide insights into the origin of the activity of Fe–N–C materials and the underlying ORR electrocatalytic mechanisms at the molecular level.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 14","pages":" 4266-4278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cy/d5cy00124b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the supported ionic-liquid layer thickness on Z-selectivity in 1-alkyne hydrosilylation under continuous flow†","authors":"André Böth, Florian Kaltwasser, Christian Priedigkeit, Boshra Atwi, Wolfgang Frey, Michael R. Buchmeiser and Ulrich Tallarek","doi":"10.1039/D5CY00436E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5CY00436E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate containing different rhodium(<small>I</small>) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes was immobilized as a supported ionic-liquid phase (SILP) inside the mesopores of a silica monolith to study the impact of SILP thickness (<em>d</em><small>_SILP</small>) from the thin-SILP-limit (<em>d</em><small>_SILP</small> ≈ 1 nm) to complete mesopore filling (<em>d</em><small>_SILP</small> ≈ 15 nm) on <em>Z</em>/<em>E</em>-selectivity in the rhodium-catalyzed hydrosilylation of phenylacetylene with dimethylphenylsilane. A coupled analytical platform allowed monitoring of both yield and selectivity of the produced isomer pattern online in continuous-flow experiments of 600 minutes using methyl <em>tert</em>-butyl ether as mobile phase. The approach provided new insights into the mechanistic aspects of the reaction under liquid confinement conditions created by the varied SILP thickness. With decreasing <em>d</em><small>_SILP</small>, the selectivity of a Rh-catalyst based on a chelating NHC is shifted towards the β(<em>Z</em>)-isomer, climaxing in a boost of the <em>Z</em>/<em>E</em>-ratio for <em>d</em><small>_SILP</small> = 1 nm by a factor of &gt;30, while the selectivity is mostly unaffected for catalysts based on nonchelating NHCs. The spatial dimension of 1 nm reflects the rigid part of the SILP characterized by a quasi-frozen morphology of the ionic liquid. It shapes a local, spatially as well as molecularly confined catalytic environment, which, together with a tailored catalyst, facilitates the predominant formation of the β(<em>Z</em>)-isomer under kinetic control. Contrariwise, the random, mobile part of the adjoining bulk SILP, emerging with increasing <em>d</em><small>_SILP</small>, generally favors the formation of the β(<em>E</em>)-isomer under thermodynamic control.</p>","PeriodicalId":66,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Science & Technology","volume":" 13","pages":" 4012-4023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/cy/d5cy00436e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}