Rahmatika Alfia Amiliana, Panut Mulyono, Tri Handini, Wahyu Rachmi Pusparini, Esti Handini, Gyan Prameswara, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus
{"title":"Separation of Yttrium and Cerium Elements in REE Concentrate from Processed Xenotime Sand Using Cyanex 572","authors":"Rahmatika Alfia Amiliana, Panut Mulyono, Tri Handini, Wahyu Rachmi Pusparini, Esti Handini, Gyan Prameswara, Himawan Tri Bayu Murti Petrus","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01600-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01600-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the dual objective of recovering and selectively separating yttrium (Y) and cerium (Ce) from rare earth element (REE) concentrates derived from xenotime sand using Cyanex 572 in a kerosene diluent through liquid–liquid extraction. Given the distinct chemical properties of Y (a heavy REE) and Ce (a light REE), effective early-stage separation between light and heavy REEs is essential for downstream purification. Key operational parameters were systematically optimized, including nitric acid concentration, extractant concentration, extraction time, and agitation speed. The optimal conditions—1 mol/L HNO<sub>3</sub>, 25% Cyanex 572, 15 min extraction time, and 200 rpm agitation—yielded separation efficiencies of 62.6% for Ce and 30.57% for Y, with a maximum separation factor of 3.83. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that ion exchange and solvation mechanisms govern the extraction process. Despite Cyanex 572’s s known selectivity for heavy REEs, Ce exhibited higher extraction efficiencies, which were attributed to its higher feed concentration and preferential interaction with the extractant under the tested conditions. The findings provide a technically viable approach for simultaneously recovering these metals and achieving mutual selectivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 8","pages":"1818 - 1833"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148662001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William E. Acree Jr., Ananya Jamdagneya, Anika Varadharajan, Nitya Damera
{"title":"Comments on “Decoding Solute–Co‑solute Interactions: A Combined Investigation of Bulk and Sonic Behaviour of L‑Serine and L‑Leucine in Potassium Oxalate (KOX) Solutions”","authors":"William E. Acree Jr., Ananya Jamdagneya, Anika Varadharajan, Nitya Damera","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01615-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01615-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A polemic is given regarding the experimental molar isentropic compressibility data, <i>K</i><sub>φ,S</sub>, for L-serine and L-leucine dissolved in aqueous potassium oxalate (KOX) solutions. The authors’ published linear mathematical expressions to describe the variation in <i>K</i><sub>φ,S</sub> with the molal concentration of the two amino acids, <i>m</i><sub>A</sub>. L-leucine plots of <i>K</i><sub>φ,S</sub> versus <i>m</i><sub>A</sub> show significant deviations from linearity. Questions are also raised concerning the authors’ statements that implied the equation coefficients were determined through a nonlinear least-squares regression analysis method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 9","pages":"2013 - 2017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saiyuan Xu, Yujun Guo, Yibin Wu, Bin Chen, Yingjie Xu
{"title":"Physicochemical Properties and CO2 Absorption of the Mixed System of Sodium Phenoxide and [Emim]Cl–EG Deep Eutectic Solvents","authors":"Saiyuan Xu, Yujun Guo, Yibin Wu, Bin Chen, Yingjie Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01606-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01606-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to develop and characterize a novel mixed system composed of sodium phenoxide (NaOPh) and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) formed from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride ([Emim]Cl) and ethylene glycol (EG), in order to address the phase separation issue commonly encountered in aqueous phenoxide solutions during CO₂ absorption—caused by the generation of phenol. The physicochemical properties, CO<sub>2</sub> absorption performance and absorption mechanism of the NaOPh/DES mixed system were investigated. The results indicate that the density, viscosity, and CO<sub>2</sub> absorption capacity of the studied NaOPh/DES mixed systems increase with NaOPh content. The NaOPh1.0/DES system exhibits the best absorption performance of these systems, with a CO<sub>2</sub> absorption capacity of 2.10 mol‧kg<sup>−1</sup> at 313.15 K and 0.1 MPa. DFT calculations reveal that the Na<sup>+</sup> from NaOPh, the O–H group from EG, and the Cl<sup>−</sup> from [Emim] Cl can form a stable four-membered ring. This weakens the electrostatic interaction between Na<sup>+</sup> and [PhO]<sup>−</sup>, promoting the dissociation of the NaOPh and facilitating the chemical reaction between the “free” [PhO]⁻ and CO<sub>2</sub> to form carbonates. This mechanism is confirmed by FT-IR and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra. Using [Emim]Cl–EG DES as a solvent to dissolve NaOPh leverages the reactivity of [PhO]<sup>−</sup> with CO<sub>2</sub> for efficient absorption, while effectively avoiding phase separation. This expands the application of phenoxide-based systems in CO₂ capture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 8","pages":"1801 - 1817"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148662000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive Investigation of a Famotidine/Captisol Inclusion Complex: Formulation, Characterization, and Enhanced Bioactivity","authors":"Yasaman Yaghini, Majid Arvand, Bahar Arvand","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01608-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01608-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research, with the aim of improving the solubility and bioavailability of famotidine, the inclusion complex of famotidine with the Captisol (sulfobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin) was prepared using the freeze-drying method. The formation of the complex was confirmed by infrared spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR). The results obtained from the Job method and phase solubility studies using ultraviolet spectroscopy method, the stoichiometric ratio of the famotidine/Captisol complex was determined to be 1:1. The stability constant of the complex was calculated according to the Benesi-Hildebrand method (1526.3 dm<sup>3</sup>·mol<sup>–1</sup>). Examination of the infrared spectrum and the two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (2D-HNMR) showed that the famotidine molecule is completely inside the hydrophobic cavity of Captisol. The surface morphology of famotidine/Captisol complex, was investigated using by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antioxidant and antibacterial properties as well as drug release behavior of tablet of famotidine/Captisol complex were investigated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 8","pages":"1782 - 1800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxim A. Lutoshkin, Petr I. Matveev, Ilya V. Taydakov
{"title":"Polyfluorinated Derivatives of Benzoylacetone: Perspective Chemosensors for f-Block Metals","authors":"Maxim A. Lutoshkin, Petr I. Matveev, Ilya V. Taydakov","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01593-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01593-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two perfluorinated derivatives of benzoylacetone—pentafluorobenzoyl-trifluoroacetone (PFBA) and decafluorodibenzoylmethane (DFDM)—were synthesized and studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy in aqueous solution to evaluate the effect of σ-acceptor substituents in the benzene ring on spectral and thermodynamic properties. The acid–base properties were determined over the pH range 1–9 using protein buffers at an ionic strength of <i>I</i> = 0.5 mol·L<sup>–1</sup> (NaCl). PFBA exists predominantly in the keto form in aqueous solution, whereas DFDM occurs in the enol form both in water and in organic solvents. Chelation processes with gadolinium(III), thulium(III), and scandium(III) ions were investigated and revealed a non-monotonic correlation between the formation constants of the monocomplexes and the number of fluorine atoms. Comparison with previously obtained data showed that fluorination of the aliphatic chain does not affect the spectral properties, whereas fluorination of the phenyl group leads to significant changes in both spectral and thermodynamic parameters. The spectra of the chelated and ionized forms of the fluorinated derivatives are blue-shifted depending on the degree of fluorination. Decafluorodibenzoylmethane exhibits the largest known red shift among diketonates. The difference in the absorption maxima between the spectra of 4<i>f</i>- and 5<i>f</i>-metal complexes with this ligand exceeds 20 nm, making it a promising candidate for use as an effective chemosensor. DFT modeling indicates that delocalization energy is a major contributor to the energy of electronic π–π* transitions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 8","pages":"1728 - 1744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonia Abbasloo, Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hashemi, Fleming Martinez, Esmaeil Mohammadian
{"title":"Ketoconazole Solubility in Polyethylene Glycol 600 + Water Mixtures at T = (298.2 to 323.2) K: Experimental Measurement, Thermodynamic Analysis, and Mathematical Modeling","authors":"Sonia Abbasloo, Seyyed Mohammad Hassan Hashemi, Fleming Martinez, Esmaeil Mohammadian","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01570-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01570-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ketoconazole is an antifungal agent effective against <i>Candida spp.</i>, <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>, <i>Blastomyces dermatitidis</i>, <i>Coccidioides immitis</i>, and dermatophytes. The low solubility of a drug in water has a very important impact on reduced absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, low bioavailability, the need for higher doses, delayed onset of action, limitations in administration routes, and its therapeutic potential. This study examined the solubility of ketoconazole in binary mixtures of polyethylene glycol 600 (PEG 600) and water over 298.2–323.2 K using the shake-flask method. Saturated concentrations were determined by UV spectrophotometry at 246 nm. Experimental solubility data were analyzed using several mathematical models, including Jouyban–Acree, van’t Hoff, CNIBS/R–K, Mixture Response Surface (MRS), and <i>λh</i> (Buchowski–Ksiazczak) equations, with mean relative deviation percentage (<i>MRD%</i>) as the accuracy metric. Results revealed a strong positive influence of both temperature and PEG 600 proportion on solubility. The maximum solubility was 5.06 (± 0.02) × 10⁻<sup>1</sup> mol·L⁻<sup>1</sup> in pure PEG 600 at 323.2 K, while the minimum was 4.25 (± 0.01) × 10⁻<sup>7</sup> mol∙L⁻<sup>1</sup> in pure water at 298.2 K. At a PEG 600 mass fraction of 0.7, solubility increased from 6.14 (± 0.07) × 10⁻<sup>2</sup> mol∙L⁻<sup>1</sup> at 298.2 K to 1.14 (± 0.02) × 10⁻<sup>1</sup> mol∙L⁻<sup>1</sup> at 323.2 K. Thermodynamic parameters indicated dissolution as an endothermic process (Δ<i>H°</i> = 8.06–70.50 kJ∙mol⁻<sup>1</sup>) with positive Gibbs free energy (Δ<i>G°</i> = 2.14–35.63 kJ∙mol⁻<sup>1</sup>), signifying limited spontaneity in water-rich mixtures, but improved favorability with increasing PEG 600 content. Modeling analysis showed CNIBS/R–K as the most accurate (<i>MRD%</i> = 5.7), followed by van’t Hoff (3.0%), while MRS performed poorly (35.3%). Overall, these results provide valuable insight for optimizing ketoconazole formulations, emphasizing solvent composition and temperature as key determinants of dissolution behavior.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 8","pages":"1745 - 1781"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148661998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polybutylene Succinate-Based Nanofibers: Fabrication, Characterization, and Application for Doxorubicine Release","authors":"Esra Kılıç, Nursel Pekel Bayramgil","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01583-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01583-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural polymers, derived from plant and animal sources, are increasingly preferred in biomedical applications due to their superior biocompatibility compared to synthetic alternatives. In this study, polyurethane–polybutylene succinate (PU–PBS) and polyurethane–polybutylene succinate-<i>co</i>-adipate (PU–PBSA) blend nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning. The effects of system and process parameters on fiber diameter and morphology were examined using SEM images. FTIR analysis was conducted for structural characterization, while TGA–DSC was employed to assess thermal stability. The effects of solution properties such as concentration, viscosity, surface tension, electrical conductivity, and contact angle on nanofiber diameter were investigated. It was observed that increasing solution concentration and flow rate led to larger fiber diameters, whereas increasing the distance between the nozzle and collector reduced the fiber diameter. The addition of PBS into the PU matrix reduced bead formation and resulted in more homogeneous nanofibers, while PBSA influenced fiber morphology distinctively. The release of <i>doxorubicine</i> an anticancer drug, was evaluated from the nanofibers at two compositions (3 mg and 6 mg) and two pH values (4.5 and 7.5). Maximum drug release was observed from PU–PBSA nanofibers loaded with 3 mg <i>doxorubicine</i> at pH 7.5. No disruption in fiber geometry was observed upon drug incorporation. Lastly, enzymatic degradation of PU–PBS nanofibers was examined using lipase. After 30 h, pure PU fibers showed no mass loss, while PBS and PBSA nanofibers exhibited complete degradation. The PU–PBS and PU–PBSA blends demonstrated 75% and 83% mass loss, respectively. Structural, thermal, and enzymatic analyses confirmed the compatibility of blended nanofibers, with PU–PBS and PU–PBSA showing notable enzymatic degradability compared to pure PU, thereby underlining their promise as functional, enzymatically degradable carriers for biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 7","pages":"1593 - 1613"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Volumetric and Acoustic Properties of Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine Chloride in Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Milan Vraneš, Renato Tomaš, Snežana Papović","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01590-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01590-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the volumetric and acoustic properties of acetylcholine chloride in aqueous solutions by measuring density and speed of sound at molalities up to 0.6 mol·kg⁻<sup>1</sup> and temperatures from 293.15 K to 313.15 K. From these measurements, thermodynamic parameters, including apparent molar volumes and apparent molar isentropic compressibilities, are derived, along with their limiting values at infinite dilution. The limiting apparent molar volume shows only a slight temperature dependence, whereas the limiting apparent molar isentropic compressibility exhibits a more pronounced temperature dependence. In addition, the experimental data are used to evaluate Hepler’s coefficient, and the hydration number is calculated using the Passynski method, indicating high hydration at lower temperatures and systematic changes with increasing temperature. To place the results in a broader context, comparative analyses with choline chloride, the biological precursor of acetylcholine, are conducted to demonstrate how acetylation modifies biochemical properties and solute–water interactions. To the best of our knowledge, this work provides the first systematic density and speed of sound dataset for aqueous acetylcholine chloride in water, delivering reference volumetric and acoustic properties for quantifying hydration and solute–water interactions of a physiologically important cholinergic molecule.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 7","pages":"1664 - 1675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoxuan Wang, Yue Xu, Shiyu Zhang, Jia Tong, Ruoxi Huang, Linxu Dong, Xingxing Shi, Jie Lu
{"title":"Solubility Measurement, Ternary Phase Diagram, and Molecular Simulation of (S)- and (R,S)-Finerenone in Six Organic Solvents from 283.15 K to 323.15 K","authors":"Xiaoxuan Wang, Yue Xu, Shiyu Zhang, Jia Tong, Ruoxi Huang, Linxu Dong, Xingxing Shi, Jie Lu","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01595-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01595-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the solubility of (S)-finerenone and (R,S)-finerenone in six solvents over the temperature range of 283.15–323.15 K was determined using a gravimetric procedure. The experimental data were well fitted by the Apelblat, <i>λh,</i> and Yaws models, with <i>ARD</i>% values below 3%. The solubility of both compounds increased with temperature in every solvent. The Hansen solubility parameters indicate that both compounds are generally compatible with the solvents investigated. Insight into solute–solvent interactions was obtained through the calculation of solvation free energy. Based on PXRD data, the crystal structure of (R,S)-finerenone was predicted to adopt a monoclinic system. Furthermore, by means of Hirshfeld surface analysis and the corresponding 2D fingerprint plots, the types of intermolecular interactions were clarified, which provides structural support for elucidating the microscopic mechanism underlying its solubility behavior. By means of ternary phase diagram analysis, (R,S)-finerenone was confirmed to exhibit the characteristics of a racemic compound. The findings provide foundational insight for designing resolution strategies for this chiral compound.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 7","pages":"1676 - 1697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Fan, Wanxia Ma, Xiaoxiang He, Yifei Shi, Chaoliang Zhu, Guowang Xu, Zhenghua He, Fayan Zhu, Xiaochuan Deng
{"title":"Solubility, Correlation and Thermodynamic Properties of Li3PO4 in the Li–Na–K–B–Cl–S Salt Solution System","authors":"Jie Fan, Wanxia Ma, Xiaoxiang He, Yifei Shi, Chaoliang Zhu, Guowang Xu, Zhenghua He, Fayan Zhu, Xiaochuan Deng","doi":"10.1007/s10953-026-01588-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10953-026-01588-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study of dissolution thermodynamics of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in Li–Na–K–B–Cl–S system is of significance to direct prepare Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> with phosphates which avoids concentrating the LiCl brine. The solubility of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> was determined in the Li–Na–K–B–Cl–S system and LiCl brine within the temperature range of 291.15 to 363.15 K. The results indicate that the solubility of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in Li–Na–K–B–Cl–S is related to temperature and impurities, decreasing with increasing temperature. Small amounts of Na<sub>2</sub>B<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub> show the most significant improvement in the solubility of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, followed by Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. The ion association structure plays a crucial role in reducing the solubility of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> as the concentration of NaCl or KCl increases. The common ion effect of added LiCl on the reduction of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> solubility is more significant than the salting-out effect of added NaCl or KCl. Furthermore, the Van’t Hoff, Modified Apelblat, and Quadratic Polynomials models were used to fit solubility, where the Quadratic Polynomials model performs best. The maximum values of the relative deviation (<i>RD</i>), relative mean deviation (<i>RAD</i>) and root mean square deviation (<i>RMSD</i>) were 1.71%, 6.58 × 10<sup>−3</sup>, and 4.22 × 10<sup>−5</sup>. Moreover, apparent thermodynamic parameter analysis indicated that the dissolution of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> in Li–Na–K–B–Cl–S systems is unfavorable to exothermal and exentropic. This process is non-spontaneous, primarily driven by entropy. The salt solution exhibits a non-linear enthalpy-entropy compensation relationship, and the driving forces varies with the content of components. This study will provide thermodynamic basis for crystallization process of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> from Dong-Taijinaier Salt Lake in the industrial production process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solution Chemistry","volume":"55 7","pages":"1614 - 1642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}