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A near infrared light activated phenothiazine based cancer cell specific phototherapeutic system: a synergistic approach to chemo-photothermal therapy† 基于近红外线激活吩噻嗪的癌细胞特异性光疗系统:化疗-光热疗法的协同方法。
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01288G
Mamata Ojha, Pragya Trivedi, Moumita Banerjee, Malabika Bera, Susmita Dey, Amit Kumar Singh, Avijit Jana and N. D. Pradeep Singh
{"title":"A near infrared light activated phenothiazine based cancer cell specific phototherapeutic system: a synergistic approach to chemo-photothermal therapy†","authors":"Mamata Ojha, Pragya Trivedi, Moumita Banerjee, Malabika Bera, Susmita Dey, Amit Kumar Singh, Avijit Jana and N. D. Pradeep Singh","doi":"10.1039/D4BM01288G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4BM01288G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the pursuit of more effective cancer therapies, phototherapy has emerged as a promising approach due to its non-invasive nature and high precision. This study presents the development of a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive phenothiazine (PTZ) based phototherapeutic system designed for targeted cancer treatment. This phototherapeutic system integrates four crucial elements for enhanced therapeutic efficacy: cancer cell-specific activity, mitochondrial targeting, photothermal conversion, and controlled drug release. The PTZ system utilizes the acidochromic 1,3-oxazine ring, which opens in the acidic tumor microenvironment, forming a positive iminium ion (C<img>N<small><sup>+</sup></small>). This ionic species targets cancer cell mitochondria, ensuring precise localization. Under NIR light irradiation (640 nm), the phototherapeutic system undergoes a red shift in the absorption and reduction in the fluorescence intensity, demonstrating a significant photothermal effect that converts light to heat, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Furthermore, NIR light triggers the controlled release of the anticancer drug chlorambucil, enabling precise spatiotemporal drug delivery. The closed form of the phototherapeutic system also facilitates drug release upon visible light irradiation (≥410 nm) with high photochemical efficiency. This dual-mode photothermal and photocontrolled drug delivery offers a synergistic approach to cancer therapy, maximizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing side effects. Our findings underscore the potential of this innovative phototherapeutic system to advance cancer treatment through targeted, controlled, and effective drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 7","pages":" 1818-1830"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Control and interplay of scaffold–biomolecule interactions applied to cartilage tissue engineering
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1039/D5BM00049A
Silouane Dupuy, Jérémy Salvador, Marie Morille, Danièle Noël and Emmanuel Belamie
{"title":"Control and interplay of scaffold–biomolecule interactions applied to cartilage tissue engineering","authors":"Silouane Dupuy, Jérémy Salvador, Marie Morille, Danièle Noël and Emmanuel Belamie","doi":"10.1039/D5BM00049A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5BM00049A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Cartilage tissue engineering based on the combination of biomaterials, adult or stem cells and bioactive factors is a challenging approach for regenerative medicine with the aim of achieving the formation of a functional neotissue stable in the long term. Various 3D scaffolds have been developed to mimic the extracellular matrix environment and promote cartilage repair. In addition, bioactive factors have been extensively employed to induce and maintain the cartilage phenotype. However, the spatiotemporal control of bioactive factor release remains critical for maximizing the regenerative potential of multipotent cells, such as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and achieving efficient chondrogenesis and sustained tissue homeostasis, which are essential for the repair of hyaline cartilage. Despite advances, the effective delivery of bioactive factors is limited by challenges such as insufficient retention at the site of injury and the loss of therapeutic efficacy due to uncontrolled drug release. These limitations have prompted research on biomolecule–scaffold interactions to develop advanced delivery systems that provide sustained release and controlled bioavailability of biological factors, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes. This review focuses specifically on biomaterials (natural, hybrid and synthetic) and biomolecules (molecules, proteins, nucleic acids) of interest for cartilage engineering. Herein, we review in detail the approaches developed to maintain the biomolecules in scaffolds and control their release, based on their chemical nature and structure, through steric, non-covalent and/or covalent interactions, with a view to their application in cartilage repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 8","pages":" 1871-1900"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d5bm00049a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced in vitro transfection efficiency of mRNA-loaded polyplexes into natural killer cells through osmoregulation
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01661K
Myeongkwan Song, Ha Yeon Park, Hyun Jin Kim and Soonjo Kwon
{"title":"Enhanced in vitro transfection efficiency of mRNA-loaded polyplexes into natural killer cells through osmoregulation","authors":"Myeongkwan Song, Ha Yeon Park, Hyun Jin Kim and Soonjo Kwon","doi":"10.1039/D4BM01661K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4BM01661K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High expression of externally injected <em>in vitro</em> transcribed (IVT) mRNA in natural killer (NK) cells is a prerequisite for NK cell-mediated cell therapy. To enhance the transfection efficacy of IVT mRNA-loaded polyplexes, we exposed NK cells to a hypertonic condition during transfection, which facilitated endo/exocytosis to maintain the isotonic state of the cells. The transfection efficacy of IVT mRNA was significantly enhanced after 24 h, which was mainly due to the facilitated cellular uptake and endosomal escape of the polyplexes. Interestingly, osmotic alterations in NK cells significantly affect the expression levels of endosome-escape-related genes in ion channels. Treatment with a mild hypertonic condition exhibited negligible toxicity to NK cells, without disturbing the integrity of the cellular membranes or the innate cytotoxic abilities of NK cells against cancer cells. These results demonstrate that the hypertonic treatment of NK cells enhances the transfection efficacy of IVT mRNA to produce genetically engineered NK cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 8","pages":" 2082-2091"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d4bm01661k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymersome-mediated Cbl-b silencing activates T cells against solid tumors
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1039/D5BM00001G
Guanhong Cui, Yu Shao, Junyao Wang, Congcong Xu, Jinping Zhang and Zhiyuan Zhong
{"title":"Polymersome-mediated Cbl-b silencing activates T cells against solid tumors","authors":"Guanhong Cui, Yu Shao, Junyao Wang, Congcong Xu, Jinping Zhang and Zhiyuan Zhong","doi":"10.1039/D5BM00001G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5BM00001G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Unleashing T cell function is critical for efficacious cancer immunotherapy. Here, we present an <em>in vivo</em> T cell activation strategy by silencing Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene b (Cbl-b), an intracellular checkpoint, to effectively combat solid tumors. The polymersomes are able to efficiently load and deliver siRNA against <em>cblb</em> to T cells both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, successfully silencing the <em>cblb</em> gene expression in primary T cells and enhancing the IL-2 receptor CD25 expression, which in turn enhances T cell function and prevents T cell exhaustion. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies showed that siRNA against <em>cblb</em> caused an effective inhibition of tumor progression in subcutaneous B16-F10 and LLC models, in which a significant increase of effector T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and an increase of effector T cells and a significant decrease of Treg cells in the tumor were clearly observed. This polymersome-mediated down-regulation of the <em>cblb</em> gene in T cells provides a promising approach for activating T cells and enhancing their anti-tumor capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 8","pages":" 2036-2046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oxidation-responsive, settable bone substitute composites for regenerating critically-sized bone defects†
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01345J
Reinaldo L. Dos Santos, Ardeena Ahmed, Brooke E. Hunn, Adolphus E. Addison, Dylan W. Marques, Karina A. Bruce and John R. Martin
{"title":"Oxidation-responsive, settable bone substitute composites for regenerating critically-sized bone defects†","authors":"Reinaldo L. Dos Santos, Ardeena Ahmed, Brooke E. Hunn, Adolphus E. Addison, Dylan W. Marques, Karina A. Bruce and John R. Martin","doi":"10.1039/D4BM01345J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4BM01345J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Critically-sized bone defects that cannot spontaneously heal on their own remain a significant problem in the clinic. Synthetic polymeric implants are promising therapies for improving bone healing as they are highly tunable and avoid the potential complications associated with autologous bone grafts. However, biostable implants such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) suffer from numerous shortcomings including negligible biodegradability and limited osseointegration with bone. Hydrolytically-degradable polymeric implants such as poly(caprolactone) (PCL) or poly(lactic-<em>co</em>-glycolic acid) (PLGA) have shown promise facilitating bone growth before being resorbed, but matching the degradation rate of these polyesters with the rate of bone regeneration continues to be an engineering challenge. To address these limitations with current synthetic bone implant materials, cell-degradable polymer/hydroxyapatite composites were developed as <em>in situ</em>-curing bone substitutes. The polymeric component was formulated from a thioketal (TK) dithiol linker and a tri-functional epoxy to facilitate rapid crosslinking upon deployment. To enable biologically-responsive implant resorption, the TK unit is specifically cleaved by cell-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS). TK bone substitutes possessed tunable curing and mechanical properties, were selectively degraded in dose-dependent concentrations of ROS, were non-cytotoxic, and demonstrated significantly greater bone regeneration capacity than PMMA in a critically-sized rat skull defect model. These combined results highlight the therapeutic potential of cell-degradable bone void fillers compared against conventional polymeric bone implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 8","pages":" 1975-1992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An immunomodulatory encapsulation system to deliver human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neuron progenitors for Parkinson's disease treatment†
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01566E
Emily A. Atkinson, Holly N. Gregory, Lara N. Carter, Rachael E. Evans, Victoria H. Roberton, Rachael Dickman and James B. Phillips
{"title":"An immunomodulatory encapsulation system to deliver human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neuron progenitors for Parkinson's disease treatment†","authors":"Emily A. Atkinson, Holly N. Gregory, Lara N. Carter, Rachael E. Evans, Victoria H. Roberton, Rachael Dickman and James B. Phillips","doi":"10.1039/D4BM01566E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4BM01566E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative condition associated with the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. This leads to neurological impairments with heightening severity and is globally increasing in prevalence due to population ageing. Cell transplantation has demonstrated significant promise in altering the disease course in the clinic, and stem cell-derived grafts are being investigated. Current clinical protocols involve systemic immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection, which could potentially be avoided by encapsulating the therapeutic cells in a locally immunosuppressive biomaterial matrix before delivery. Here we report the progression of an immunomodulatory encapsulation system employing ultrapure alginate hydrogel beads alongside tacrolimus-loaded microparticles in the encapsulation of dopaminergic neuron progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The hiPSC-derived progenitors were characterised and displayed robust viability after encapsulation within alginate beads, producing dopamine as they matured <em>in vitro</em>. The encapsulation system effectively reduced T cell activation (3-fold) and protected progenitors from cytotoxicity <em>in vitro</em>. The alginate bead diameter was optimised using microfluidics to yield spherical and monodisperse hydrogels with a median size of 215.6 ± 0.5 μm, suitable for delivery to the brain through a surgical cannula. This technology has the potential to advance cell transplantation by locally protecting grafts from the host immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 8","pages":" 2012-2025"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d4bm01566e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Site-specific photo-crosslinking in a double crossover DNA tile facilitated by squaraine dye aggregates: advancing thermally stable and uniform DNA nanostructures†
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1039/D4BM01695E
Shibani Basu, Simon K. Roy, Mandeep Sharma, German Barcenas, Bernard Yurke, William B. Knowlton and Jeunghoon Lee
{"title":"Site-specific photo-crosslinking in a double crossover DNA tile facilitated by squaraine dye aggregates: advancing thermally stable and uniform DNA nanostructures†","authors":"Shibani Basu, Simon K. Roy, Mandeep Sharma, German Barcenas, Bernard Yurke, William B. Knowlton and Jeunghoon Lee","doi":"10.1039/D4BM01695E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4BM01695E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We investigated the role of dichloro-squaraine (SQ) dye aggregates in facilitating thymine–thymine interstrand photo-crosslinking within double crossover (DX) tiles, to develop thermally stable and structurally uniform two-dimensional (2D) DNA-based nanostructures. By strategically incorporating SQ modified thymine pairs, we enabled site-selective [2 + 2] photocycloaddition under 310 nm UV light. Strong dye–dye interactions, particularly through the formation of aggregates, facilitated covalent bond formation between proximal thymines. To evaluate the impact of dye aggregation on crosslinking efficiency, ten DX tile variants with varying SQ-modified thymine positions were tested. Our results demonstrated that SQ dye aggregates significantly enhanced crosslinking, driven by precise SQ-modified thymine dimer placement within the DNA tiles. Analytical techniques, including denaturing PAGE and UV-visible spectroscopy, validated successful crosslinking in DNA tiles with multiple SQ-modified thymine pairs. This non-phototoxic method offers a potential route for creating thermally stable, homogeneous higher-order DNA–dye assemblies with potential applications in photoactive and exciton-based fields such as optoelectronics, nanoscale computing, and quantum computing. The insights from this study establish a foundation for further exploration of advanced DNA–dye systems, enabling the design of next-generation DNA nanostructures with enhanced functional properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 7","pages":" 1742-1757"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d4bm01695e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Synthesis of poly-tetrahydropyrimidine antibacterial polymers and research of their basic properties
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1039/D5BM90016F
Taimin Xu, Wenlong Li, Rong Zhang, Shuaibing Guo, Bing Yu, Hailin Cong and Youqing Shen
{"title":"Correction: Synthesis of poly-tetrahydropyrimidine antibacterial polymers and research of their basic properties","authors":"Taimin Xu, Wenlong Li, Rong Zhang, Shuaibing Guo, Bing Yu, Hailin Cong and Youqing Shen","doi":"10.1039/D5BM90016F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5BM90016F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Synthesis of poly-tetrahydropyrimidine antibacterial polymers and research of their basic properties’ by Taimin Xu <em>et al.</em>, <em>Biomater. Sci.</em>, 2022, <strong>10</strong>, 1026–1040, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1BM01465J.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 6","pages":" 1590-1590"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d5bm90016f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Photothermal-responsive Prussian blue nanocages loaded with thrombin for tumor starvation therapy and photothermal therapy
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1039/D5BM90018B
Yang Liu, Bingjie Yue, Ranran Wang, Hailin Cong, Hao Hu, Bing Yu and Youqing Shen
{"title":"Correction: Photothermal-responsive Prussian blue nanocages loaded with thrombin for tumor starvation therapy and photothermal therapy","authors":"Yang Liu, Bingjie Yue, Ranran Wang, Hailin Cong, Hao Hu, Bing Yu and Youqing Shen","doi":"10.1039/D5BM90018B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5BM90018B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘Photothermal-responsive Prussian blue nanocages loaded with thrombin for tumor starvation therapy and photothermal therapy’ by Yang Liu <em>et al.</em>, <em>Biomater. Sci.</em>, 2023, <strong>11</strong>, 4938–4947, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3BM00526G.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 6","pages":" 1593-1593"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d5bm90018b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: D–A–D organic fluorescent probes for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and efficient photothermal therapy of breast cancer
IF 5.8 3区 医学
Biomaterials Science Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1039/D5BM90017D
Jie Gao, Lin Yuan, Yu Min, Bing Yu, Hailin Cong and Youqing Shen
{"title":"Correction: D–A–D organic fluorescent probes for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and efficient photothermal therapy of breast cancer","authors":"Jie Gao, Lin Yuan, Yu Min, Bing Yu, Hailin Cong and Youqing Shen","doi":"10.1039/D5BM90017D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5BM90017D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Correction for ‘D–A–D organic fluorescent probes for NIR-II fluorescence imaging and efficient photothermal therapy of breast cancer’ by Jie Gao <em>et al.</em>, <em>Biomater. Sci.</em>, 2024, <strong>12</strong>, 1320–1331, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3BM01604H.</p>","PeriodicalId":65,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials Science","volume":" 6","pages":" 1591-1592"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/bm/d5bm90017d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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