Journal of Polymer Research最新文献

{"title":"Study on the influence of raw material dosages on the production temperature of flexible polyurethane foam","authors":"Zunhu Fang,&nbsp;Zitao Yuan,&nbsp;Quanbing Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04409-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04409-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is a flammable synthetic polymer. In the foam production process, large amount of heat would be released from the chemical reactions of raw materials, which would even cause spontaneous combustion of foam. This paper implemented FPUF production and temperature monitoring experiments to study the influence of different raw material dosages on the the FPUF production temperature. Meanwhile, FTIR analysis experiments were implemented to study the reason of production temperature changes at the influence of different raw material dosages. From the results, FPUF production temperature is closely related to the physical changes (such as evaporation, volume change, mass change) and chemical changes (such as foaming reaction, gelling reaction, catalytic reaction) of the foaming process. Insufficient polyol will lead to a significant increase in FPUF production temperature, which is a bigger potential safety hazard in FPUF production than dosage misuse of other raw materials. Meanwhile, replace part of polyether polyol with polymer polyol and replace part of water with methylene chloride in the FPUF formula can further effectively reduce the foam production temperature, and keep the foam quality simultaneously. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corn silk fibre reinforced PLA biocomposites for automotive application","authors":"Dharmendra Kumar,&nbsp;Vishal Srivastava,&nbsp;Parna Nandi,&nbsp;Dipayan Das","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04408-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04408-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Corn silk (CS), an agricultural byproduct obtained after the processing of corn, is usually dumped as waste. Worldwide there is a growing concern to utilise this waste for making value-added products. This work tried to improve the functional properties of corn silk fibres and utilise them to fabricate biocomposites for automotive applications. Raw corn silk fibres were alkali treated (2%, 45 min) to achieve around 11% improvement in tensile strength, 14% improvement in elongation-at-break and 26% reduction in initial modulus. The alkali-treated fibres were further processed to prepare bi-directional carded webs which were ultimately reinforced in PLA matrix utilising compression-moulding technology. The biocomposites developed with different mass fractions (10% to 50%) of alkali-treated corn silk fibres were evaluated for their functional properties. The biocomposite, formulated with 40% mass fractions of treated corn silk fibre and poly(lactic) acid, exhibited the highest mechanical performance—tensile strength (74.57 MPa), Young’s modulus (4.28 GPa), Flexural strength (442.45 MPa), breaking elongation (2.04%) and impact strength (3.2 kJ/m²). The biocomposites were also found to be thermally stable with no significant weight loss till 319 °C and 98.49% final weight loss at the end of 780 °C. Those biocomposites exhibited biodegradability with 2.73% weight loss and 13.11% strength loss in 30 days of burial in soil. The biocomposite reinforced with 40% alkali-treated corn silk fibres demonstrated high potential for automotive namely door panels, exterior under-floor panels, instrument panels, internal engine covers, packaging trays, seat backs, etc. Moreover, this study advances sustainable biocomposites by enhancing CS fibre properties, achieving superior mechanical strength, thermal stability, and biodegradability for automotive applications. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of nanoepoxy composite through structural, thermal and machine learning-enhanced dielectric analysis","authors":"Sanketsinh Thakor,&nbsp;Prince Jain,&nbsp;Anand Joshi,&nbsp;Chandan R. Vaja,&nbsp;Swapnil Parikh,&nbsp;Piyush Panchal","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04410-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04410-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aims to comprehensively explore the characteristics of hybrid nano fillers incorporated epoxy composites (NFIEC) using various analytical techniques. The research encompasses machine learning-enhanced dielectric analysis across a wide frequency spectrum ranging from 100 Hz to 2 MHz. The structural properties of the nano-fillers, pristine epoxy (PE), and NFIEC are investigated through X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Hybrid nano fillers, including combinations like SiO₂ + Fe₃O₄, ZnO + Fe₃O₄, TiO₂ + Fe₃O₄ and Al₂O₃ + Fe₃O₄, are added to the PE at a concentration of 1 wt.% to form NFIEC. Additionally, Differential Scanning Calorimetry are employed to gain further insights into the thermal behaviour of the NFIEC. This study also demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning models, particularly Extra Trees, CatBoost, XGBoost, and Ensemble Averaging, in predicting dielectric properties (ε′ and ε′′) of NFIEC using data from LCR and VNA measurements. The models exhibited high predictive accuracy, with Ensemble Averaging consistently delivering robust performance across datasets, highlighting the potential of ML techniques in advancing material science by reducing experimental efforts and enhancing predictive precision.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143908858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photochromic functionalization of polyetheramine-cured epoxy resin based on spiropyran derivatives doping","authors":"Zijie Xu,&nbsp;Xingyao Liu,&nbsp;Chongwen Yu,&nbsp;Xinyu Fan,&nbsp;Zhongwei Yan,&nbsp;Haotian Xiao,&nbsp;Yujie Song,&nbsp;Jian Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04378-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04378-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite being a widely used polymer material, studies on the spiropyran (SP)-derived photochromic functionalization of amine-cured epoxy resin materials are not sufficiently detailed. Traditional amine-based curing agents can undergo chromogenic reactions with SP through multiple reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the dense crosslinked network structure of the resin restricts the conformational isomerization of SP, thereby leading to the failure of photochromic functionalization in epoxy resin systems. In this work, a SP derivative (YBSP), which contains a meta-dinitrobenzene structure, was synthesized and doped into polyetheramine-cured epoxy resin materials. Polyetheramine does not react with SP to form small molecular fragments, and the bulky side group of YBSP provides sufficient free volume for its isomerization in the resin crosslinking structure. As a result, the resin material doped with YBSP exhibits photochromic properties after exposure to 365 nm UV light, and as the YBSP content increases, the fracture toughness of the resin is enhanced, with its fracture strength reaching 72.815 MPa. In conclusion, doping YBSP into epoxy resin not only imparts photochromic functionality to the material but also enhances its toughness while maintaining its original thermodynamic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of side-chain lengths of imidazolium cation on the properties of carboxyl-functional poly(ionic liquid)-based elastomers","authors":"Na Liu,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang,&nbsp;Ziyue Zhou,&nbsp;Yenan Yu,&nbsp;Haiming Xu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Minghua Jing,&nbsp;Hongyan Xie,&nbsp;Dawei Fang","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04402-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04402-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrostatic interaction between cation/anion pairs of poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) endows great self-healing potential. However, its low bond energy leads to low load rating and weak mechanical strength. Hence, it is a great challenge to balance the mechanical strength and repair performance by designing and regulating the molecular structures of PILs. The configuration of cations and anions in ionic liquid monomers is the decisive factor for the segmental motion of PILs. Thus, we started from the design of monomeric molecules and introduced functional group (-COOH) onto the side chain of the cationic. Herein, a series of carboxyl-functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid monomers (denoted as IL-m) with different side-chain lengths were synthesized via acid–base neutralization and ion exchange reactions. Then, a series of novel and stretchable carboxyl-functional liquid-free PIL-based elastomers based on single component were prepared by photo-initiated polymerization. In this paper, we investigated the relationship between the properties and chemical composition and microstructure of PIL-based elastomers (especially the side chain length) in detail. ATR-FTIR verified the micro-structures and the interactions between the polymer chains, which comfirmed the H-bond and ion–dipole interaction, serving as physical crosslinking points and endowing the elastomers with tunable properties. By optimizing polymerization conditions and side-chain length, tunable ionic conductivity (9.89 × 10^–7 to 2.10 × 10^–5 S cm⁻¹) and self-healing performance (8 h at room temperature or 20 min at 50 °C for PIL-10) were achieved. Increasing the imidazolium side-chain length from 1 to 9, the stretchability of PIL-based elastomers increased from 124.58% to 1336.17%. The PIL-based elastomers also exhibited adjustable glass transition temperatures (-16.50 to 45.72 °C), high transparency (84.8% ~ 92.5%), excellent thermal stability (<i>T</i>_d &gt; 310 °C, up to 348.13 °C), and tunable hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. Remarkable adhesion strength (500 kPa for PIL-10 on iron) and recyclability were also demonstrated. This strategy will boost the facile fabrication of liquid-free PIL-based elastomers holding great promise in next-generation soft electronics and would provide new opportunities for the development of novel self-healing ionotronics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming waste cooking oil into zinc soap: a sustainable approach to multifunctional additives for enhancing natural rubber composites","authors":"Charoen Nakason,&nbsp;Pornpot Nuthong,&nbsp;Azizon Kaesaman","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04392-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04392-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recycled or used cooking oil (UCO) was utilized as a raw material to synthesize zinc soaps, which were subsequently employed as processing aids in silica-filled natural rubber (NR) compounds. Their performance was compared with zinc soaps derived from coconut and palm oils, as well as a commercial processing aid. The results revealed that zinc soaps significantly reduced Mooney viscosity and enhanced stress relaxation rates in NR compounds, attributed to their lubricating and plasticizing properties, which improved flowability and processability. These zinc soaps also influenced curing characteristics, resulting in higher torque differences and crosslink densities, thereby enhancing mechanical strength. Furthermore, the incorporation of in-house synthesized zinc soaps shortened cure and scorch times while accelerating the cure rate, underscoring their synergistic role in promoting crosslinking reactions. Additionally, these zinc soaps improved the dispersion of solid particles within the NR matrix, fostering greater uniformity and optimizing compound properties. The inclusion of zinc soaps also boosted rubber elasticity, as indicated by a higher rubber index (RI), and enhanced thermal stability, evidenced by extended <i>T</i>_<i>90</i> values, higher peak positions, and larger peak areas in stress relaxation profiles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive analysis of the influence of adhesive types and layer stacking sequence on tensile and impact responses of ASA/PLA composite sandwich structures by additive manufacturing","authors":"Çağın Bolat,&nbsp;Muhammed Turan Aslan,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Çebi,&nbsp;Tan Eftal Gene,&nbsp;Hasan Ispartalı","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04403-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04403-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Composite laminates are a special class of materials that combine lightweight design and superior mechanical properties. Due to their high specific strength and rising usage rates, many industries like automotive, aerospace, defense, and marine have preferred these materials in recent years. In this article, low and high-speed deformation features of 3D-printed ASA/PLA laminates were analyzed depending on different low-cost adhesive types and stacking sequences. In addition, 3D printed laminate samples were bonded together across the entire large surface for the first time in the literature. Charpy and tensile test samples were produced with constant printing parameters as infill rate (100%), layer height (0.1 mm) and infill pattern (Line, 90°) according to ASTM D6110 and D638-Type 4 standards, respectively. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between the 3D printing stage and assembly strategies in detail specific to deformation modes. The experimental outcomes reflected that cyanoacrylate-based adhesives impacted positively the elastic modulus and yield strength values of the laminates. In addition, the polyurethane-based adhesive used ASA samples performed better impact energies owing to escalating production gaps and higher impact resistance of neat ASA. Specific absorbed energy results were impressed by adhesive types strongly and were in favor of cyanoacrylate binder for hybrid sequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fenugreek-enriched electrospun PLA scaffold: revolutionizing tissue engineering solutions","authors":"Hemalatha Parangusan,&nbsp;K. Karuppasamy,&nbsp;Jolly Bhadra","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04373-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04373-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The therapeutic properties of medicinal plants have been harnessed to facilitate wound healing, and conventional techniques for their application in this regard have been devised. Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds have recently shown great potential as materials for tissue engineering, specifically tissue regeneration. Utilizing medicinal plant components in nanofibers for biomedical and wound healing purposes holds promise for improving performance and achieving a synergistic outcome. The scaffolds that were created underwent analysis using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform, mechanical testing, swelling measurement, contact angle measurement, and weight loss assessment. The study also examined the compatibility of the cells with the scaffolds and assessed their wound-healing capacity in a laboratory setting. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the PLA and PLA/fenugreek composite scaffolds demonstrate the presence of uniform, sleek, and flawless nanofibers. The investigation yielded significant evidence regarding the in vitro wound healing and cell viability of 3 T3 fibroblast cells on the produced scaffolds. The findings demonstrated that PLA scaffolds with fenugreek exhibit promising potential as substitutes for tissue engineering purposes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10965-025-04373-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of the effect of carbon nanomaterials on the thermophysical and mechanical properties of perfluoroelastomers: molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Jing Zhao,&nbsp;Dianhong Qu,&nbsp;Shengbo Jin,&nbsp;Yadi Yang,&nbsp;Tianming Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04406-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04406-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs perfluoroelastomers (FFKM) as the matrix material, with graphene, carbon nanotubes, hydroxyl-functionalized graphene (OH-GNS), and hydroxyl-functionalized carbon nanotubes as reinforcing fillers. Utilizing molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods, the influences of diverse carbon nanomaterials on the thermophysical and mechanical properties of FFKM were thoroughly examined. Based on Fourier's law, thermal conductivity within the composite system was calculated using the reverse non-equilibrium method; the thermal expansion coefficient was determined through the volumetric expansion method, and the glass transition temperature was ascertained using the specific volume method. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated using the constant strain rate method. MD simulation results indicate that incorporating carbon nanomaterials significantly enhances both the thermophysical and mechanical properties of FFKM. Among the four sorts of nanofillers studied, OH-GNS exhibited the most prominent improvement. By analyzing the mean squared displacement and radial distribution function of different composite systems from a spatial structure perspective, as well as the system potential energy and interaction energy between the matrix and fillers from an energetic perspective, this study elucidates the differing mechanisms by which diverse carbon nanomaterials affect the thermophysical and mechanical properties of FFKM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: self-healing materials and their applications","authors":"Jiaming Deng,&nbsp;Yuting Jin,&nbsp;Zheng Li,&nbsp;Min Xue,&nbsp;Yanling Zhang,&nbsp;Alideertu Dong,&nbsp;Munkhjargal Burenjargal","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04407-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04407-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Self-healing materials are composite materials that can repair themselves after damage, extending their service life and reducing the burden on the user. The use of dressings made from self-healing materials eliminates the need for multiple dressing changes; the use of coatings made from self-healing materials extends the use of coatings, eliminates the need for frequent coating changes and provides long-lasting protection for the items being protected. The current self-healing materials are generally divided into two categories: exogenous and endogenous materials. This work discusses the fine classification of the two types of self-healing materials as well as the self-healing mechanism. Due to the different types of materials with different internal structures, the materials also exhibit different properties such as electrical conductivity, high-temperature resistance, and strong resistance to external forces. Based on the differences in material properties, this review also summarizes the applications of self-healing materials in the fields of wound dressings, coating materials, sensors, battery electrode, and 3D printing. This review provides a reference for subsequent in-depth research and development of self-healing materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}