Journal of Polymer Research最新文献

{"title":"Research progress of halogen-free flame retardant benzoxazine resins: testing methods, flame retardant mechanism and construction strategies","authors":"Jun Liu,&nbsp;Liwu Zu,&nbsp;Shaobo Dong,&nbsp;Tianyu Lan,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Luo,&nbsp;Litao Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05056-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05056-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer materials are widely used in high-end fields such as electronics and electrical engineering, aerospace, etc., but their flammability brings serious safety hazards. Benzoxazine resins, as a new type of thermosetting materials with excellent comprehensive performance, have attracted much attention in the field of high-performance flame retardancy due to their inherent nitrogen-containing structure, high heat resistance, low curing shrinkage rate and good molecular designability. Although commercial benzoxazines have certain flame retardant properties, they still need to be upgraded towards high efficiency, low toxicity, halogen-free and sustainable directions under extreme working conditions and green environmental protection requirements. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of benzoxazine flame retardant materials. Firstly, it introduces mainstream flame retardant test methods such as UL-94, limiting oxygen index, microcalorimetry and cone calorimetry, and expounds the synergistic flame retardant mechanism of gas-phase radical quenching and condensed-phase char formation barrier. It focuses on summarizing the flame retardant construction strategies such as halogen-based, phosphorus-based, bio-based, and hetero-element modification, as well as copolymerization and blending, and analyzes the advantages and limitations of each strategy. It points out that current research is gradually abandoning toxic halogen-based systems and turning to green and efficient routes such as phosphorus-nitrogen synergy, bio-based intrinsic flame retardancy, and multi-element synergy. Finally, it looks forward to the development trends of benzoxazine flame retardant materials in terms of precise structural design, multi-mechanism synergy analysis, low smoke and low toxicity control, and multi-functional integration, aiming to provide a systematic reference for the research and application of sustainable high-performance benzoxazine flame retardant materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmissive-to-magenta electrochromic polyamides and polyimides featuring pendent N-phenylphenothiazine units","authors":"Yu-Ruei Kung,&nbsp;Yu-Cheng Zhuang,&nbsp;Sheng-Huei Hsiao","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05051-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05051-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochromic (EC) materials are of great interest for applications in smart windows, displays, and energy-efficient devices. Among them, triarylamine-based polymers stand out due to their colorless neutral state, tunable colors, rapid switching speed, and favorable processability. Most triarylamine-based polymers exhibit green and blue electrochromism upon oxidation. In our efforts to develop attractive EC materials, we focus on magenta EC polymers incorporating <i>N</i>-phenylphenothiazine units. A straightforward synthetic strategy was employed to create a novel <i>N</i>-phenylphenothiazine-based diamine, which was subsequently used in polycondensation reactions with commercially available aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dianhydrides to develop two series of innovative polyamides and polyimides. The polymers demonstrated excellent solubility in various organic solvents and could be solution-cast into robust, well-adhered films on indium tin oxide (ITO)-glass substrates. They also exhibited favorable thermal stability, with no significant weight loss observed before 350 °C and moderately high glass transition temperatures (<i>T</i>_g) ranging from 238 to 316 °C. Upon electrochemical oxidation, the polymers displayed well-defined and reversible redox couples, with half-wave oxidation potentials (<i>E</i>_1/2) ranging from 0.60 to 0.77 V. In the oxidized state, the polymers exhibited an absorption band around 550 nm along with a distinctive magenta coloration. The incorporation of <i>tert</i>-butyl substituents on the phenothiazine active sites reduced the oxidation potential and enhanced both redox and electrochromic stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10965-026-05051-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of trifluoromethyl-modified Schiff base flame-retardant PET copolyesters","authors":"Xinxing Zhang,&nbsp;Luxiang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05049-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05049-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel Schiff Base as a flame-retardant monomer (FSB, 5-((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) benzylidene) amino) isophthalic acid) with -CF₃ was designed and used to synthesize FSB_nPETs (PET copolyester) by copolymerization, which shows good flame retardancy and anti-dripping. The introduction of the –CF₃ group increases the cyclization temperature of the FSB Schiff base unit by suppressing the cyclization reaction through its strong electron-withdrawing effect, which is 350–398 °C, higher than 250–348 °C from the PET copolyesters modified by Schiff Base without -CF₃, indicating that FSB_nPETs exhibits a broadened processing temperature window. And FSB also increased the glass transition temperature (Tg), reduced the melting temperature (Tm) and the crystallizability of FSB_nPETs. FSB_nPETs possessed good flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties, FSB₁₀PET (7.4 mol% of FSB) owned V-0 level of UL-94 and 31% value of LOI without dripping phenomenon. The bond of -C-F had not broken into the air phase to make an obvious influence on the flame retardancy property of FSB_nPETs, whose flame retardancy mechanism is still type of the condense flame retardancy. Additionally, in the new preparation process for FSB_nPETs, the dicarboxylic acid structure of FSB could speed up the condensation polymerization between the BHET precursors, which could save 50% of the preparation time, showing an exciting economic advantage. The -CF₃ modified Schiff base (FSB) is an effective modifier for PET copolyesters, offering improved processing performance and good flame-retardant properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bottlebrush methacrylic amphiphilic copolymer as potential component of hybrid lipid-polymer lipoplexes based on the colloidal-chemical approach of their behavior in Langmuir monolayers","authors":"Olga Zamyshlyayeva,&nbsp;Ekaterina Kurbatova,&nbsp;Alexey Sivokhin,&nbsp;Oleg Kazantsev,&nbsp;Ilya Chuzhaykin,&nbsp;Alexey Belikov","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05048-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05048-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work investigated the behavior of a new amphiphilic methacrylic copolymer in mixed monolayers with lipids (lecithin, cholesterol) at their different ratios as potential components of hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles. A bottlebrush cationic copolymer with a molecular weight (<i>M</i>_<i>w</i>) of 69,000 based on oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylates and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was synthesized using RAFT polymerization. The state of the hybrid lipid-polymer monolayers was governed by the properties of the mixed lecithin-cholesterol monolayers across the studied temperature (24–40 °C) and subphase pH (4–8) ranges. The thermoresponsivity of the lipid-polymer monolayers is most pronounced at a lecithin-cholesterol ratio of 3/1 in the lipid component: <i>A</i>_<i>0</i> increased from 0.8 nm²/molec (<i>T</i> = 24 °C) to 1.2 nm²/molec (<i>T</i> = 36 °C). The strongest effect of the subphase pH on the behavior of mixed lipid-polymer monolayers was observed for monolayers in which the lipid phase had a lecithin-cholesterol ratio of 7/1: at pH 4, <i>A</i>_<i>0</i> reached a maximum value of 1.03 nm²/molec and decreased to 0.88 nm²/molec at pH 5 and to 0.75 nm²/molec at pH 8. The effect of lipids initially deposited on the water-air interface on the properties of mixed lipid-polymer monolayers was manifested in an increase in the compressibility modulus of the copolymer from 35 mN/m to 46–59 mN/m over the entire studied pH and temperature range. Thus, the mild effect of temperature and pH on the self-assembly of the DMAEMA-containing cationic copolymer in mixed lipid-polymer monolayers may be a prerequisite for obtaining hybrid lipid-polymer nanoparticles for targeted delivery of drugs.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Graphic illustration of the monolayers self-assembly of copolymer at the air–water interface</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and property optimization of MAPDST-based terpolymers for EUV photoresist-related polymer design","authors":"Jingyi Gan,&nbsp;Chenyu Zheng,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Guomin Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05052-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05052-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>MAPDST-based polymers have attracted attention in photoresist-related material design because of their radiation-responsive sulfonium structures. However, their relatively low glass transition temperature and limited solution processability remain important issues for further material development. To address this trade-off, two ternary copolymer systems, MAPDST-ADPMA-HEAA and MAPDST-ADPMA-2-EEA, were constructed on the basis of the MAPDST-ADPMA binary system, and the effects of third-comonomer type and feed ratio on polymer properties were systematically evaluated. Both target terpolymers were successfully prepared. Compared with 2-EEA, HEAA provided a better balance between solubility improvement and thermal-property retention. Further optimization identified MAPDST-ADPMA-HEAA (70:20:10) as the composition showing the best overall balance among the tested samples, with a <i>T</i>_<i>g</i> of 121 °C and a thermal decomposition temperature of 242 °C. Overall, the results suggest that introducing an appropriate polar third comonomer provides a feasible approach to improving the balance between solution processability, film-forming behavior, and thermal performance in MAPDST-based polymer systems. These results provide a basis for further structure–property optimization and subsequent lithographic evaluation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEG-regulated chiral nematic assembly and tunable structural color in cellulose nanocrystal films","authors":"Mei Li,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Tanxin Long,&nbsp;Wenjiao Ge,&nbsp;Liming Cao,&nbsp;Xiaoping Fan","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05053-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05053-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Structural color in cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) films originates from their chiral nematic organization, where the pitch (p) governs the reflected wavelength. However, achieving controllable pitch modulation while preserving the intrinsic crystal structure of CNCs remains challenging, as structural changes are often coupled with variations in particle size, dispersion state, and intermolecular interactions.CNCs extracted from garlic peels were assembled into structural color films and regulated using polyethylene glycol (PEG). By varying PEG content as the primary tuning parameter, a continuous red shift in the maximum reflection wavelength (λ_max) from ~ 400 nm to ~ 703 nm was achieved. Correspondingly, the pitch increased from 286.43 nm to 466.80 nm, demonstrating a clear correlation between structural periodicity and optical response. Structural characterization indicated that the cellulose I crystal structure of CNCs was largely preserved after PEG incorporation, while PEG–CNC interactions and changes in local packing/orientational organization may contribute to the variation in the average helical pitch. These results suggest that PEG 400 can act as a molecular regulator for tuning the average pitch and structural color of CNC films while maintaining the essential chiral nematic organization. In addition, the CNC/PEG films exhibit improved flexibility, angle-dependent structural color, and reversible humidity-responsive behavior. This work provides a simple strategy for regulating the average pitch and optical response of agricultural-waste-derived CNC photonic films, offering insights into the design of flexible and humidity-responsive bio-based structural color materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of PCL/PVA/CNTs-COOH electrospun nanofibers","authors":"Jun Yan,&nbsp;Jiajun Guo,&nbsp;Yuan Gao,&nbsp;Hexin Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Li","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05041-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05041-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to explore the preparation and properties of PCL/PVA/CNTs composite fibers, PCL was chosen as the matrix material of the composite fibers, and PVA and CNTs were added as reinforcing materials into the PCL spinning solution, and PCL/PVA/ CNTs-COOH composite fibers were prepared by electrostatic spinning technology. The structure, thermal properties, mechanical properties, degradation properties, electrical resistivity and biocompatibility (cytotoxicity) of the composite fibers were also tested and analyzed. The results showed that the incorporation of PVA could provide significant mechanical strength and hydrophilicity for the composite fibers, and the incorporation of CNTs-COOH could provide electrical conductivity and degradation rate for the composite fibers, as well as a small enhancement of the hydrophilicity of the materials, and the best overall performance of the fibers was achieved at a content of CNTs-COOH of 1 wt%, and the cytotoxicity results were also in accordance with the safety standards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NH2-MIL-125-functionalized mixed-matrix membranes for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation and light-assisted self-cleaning","authors":"Shouwu Yu,&nbsp;Tingting Yue,&nbsp;Yifu Chen,&nbsp;Yuxia Tong,&nbsp;Shujuan Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05046-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05046-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The treatment of dye-containing oil-in-water emulsions remains challenging due to membrane fouling and limited operational stability. In this study, amino-functionalized metal-organic framework (MOF) NH₂-MIL-125 was incorporated into polysulfone (PSF) membranes via phase inversion to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for oil-in-water emulsion separation and light-assisted self-cleaning. The separation test was conducted at 0.2 MPa using an as-prepared sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-stabilized n-hexane-in-water emulsion containing 1.0 vol% oil. Compared with pristine PSF, the optimized PN0.5 membrane showed a decrease in water contact angle (WCA) from 67.5 ± 2.0° to 22.7 ± 2.4° and an increase in underwater oil contact angle (UWOCA) from 73.0 ± 2.3° to 140.0 ± 2.6°, confirming enhanced hydrophilicity and underwater oleophobicity. PN0.5 achieved a permeate flux of approximately 245 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ and a separation efficiency close to 99%. Moreover, PN0.5 maintained approximately 98% separation efficiency during a seven-day cyclic filtration test. In a separate antifouling test, the membrane exhibited a low irreversible fouling ratio of 3.79%. Under irradiation with a 300 W xenon lamp for 60 min, the NH₂-MIL-125-containing membrane promoted methylene blue (MB) decolorization and dye-foulant removal, while the irreversible fouling ratio remained low at 3.98% for the MB-containing emulsion after light-assisted self-cleaning. These results demonstrate the potential of NH₂-MIL-125/PSF mixed-matrix membranes for treating dye-containing oily wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic flame retardancy and smoke suppression in epoxy composites enabled by phosphomolybdate-intercalated ldhs and an intumescent flame retardant system","authors":"Qiumei Deng,&nbsp;Yi Sun,&nbsp;Liping Yuan,&nbsp;Jiajing Yu,&nbsp;Youhua Fan,&nbsp;Junyi Pi","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05032-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05032-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epoxy resin is widely used in various industries due to its excellent properties, but its high flammability poses significant safety risks. In this study, phosphomolybdic acid-intercalated zinc-aluminum layered double hydroxides (PMo-LDHs) were synthesized via ionic column-supported intercalation co-precipitation and combined with an intumescent flame retardant system (IFRs) composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine (MEL), and pentaerythritol (PER). The obtained PMo-LDHs/IFR hybrid was then incorporated into epoxy resin and cured with polyamide resin to form epoxy-polyamide resin (EP) composites. The resulting PMo-LDHs/IFR/EP composites were thoroughly characterized. With the addition of 2 wt% PMo-LDHs, the composite achieved a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test, with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value increased by 39.1% compared to pure EP. Moreover, the total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 73.7% and 75.6%, respectively. Analysis of the residual char indicated that the incorporation of PMo-LDHs enhanced the quality and stability of the char layer, effectively inhibiting flame spread and smoke release. This work provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance, environmentally friendly flame-retardant epoxy-polyamide composites with enhanced fire safety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface modification of EVA films with carbon quantum dots for photovoltaic encapsulant applications","authors":"Nour El Houda Chehat,&nbsp;Naima Doulache,&nbsp;Samira Sali","doi":"10.1007/s10965-026-05042-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-026-05042-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized via a bottom-up hydrothermal method and deposited onto ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) films to investigate their potential for photovoltaic encapsulation applications. The effects of CQD coating on both the smooth and rough surfaces of EVA films were systematically evaluated using Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM–EDX, contact angle measurements, surface roughness analysis, UV–Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Successful CQD deposition was confirmed by the appearance of characteristic D and G bands in the Raman spectra and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups in the FTIR spectra, which contributed to enhanced surface hydrophilicity. Morphological analysis revealed that the surface morphology of EVA significantly influences CQD distribution: smoother EVA surfaces show a more uniform CQD coating, whereas rough surfaces exhibit partial aggregation. Optical analysis demonstrated that the CQD coating effectively enhances UV absorption while maintaining high visible transmittance. A reduction in the optical band gap and an increase in photoluminescence intensity, accompanied by a red-shifted emission, indicate effective luminescent down-shifting behavior. Thermal analysis further demonstrated improved thermal stability after CQD deposition. Overall, CQD-functionalized EVA films demonstrate strong potential for photovoltaic encapsulation applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}