{"title":"Rapid detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup> in an ON-OFF-ON process using N doped carbon dots.","authors":"Ananya Dutta, Sonit Kumar Gogoi","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01210k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01210k","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contamination of ground water with pollutants released from various anthropogenic activities is a major concern due to its adverse effects on the environment and human health. Rapid and efficient detection of such pollutants is the first step toward remediation of the problem. Herein we report a two-point fluorescence turn OFF-ON detection method for Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions using nitrogen doped carbon dots (NCDs). The NCDs obtained through solvothermal treatment of ammonium citrate tribasic in DMF at 190 °C for four hours exhibited a quantum yield of 9.67%. Hg<sup>2+</sup> detection is demonstrated in two steps, first the quenching of the fluorescence of NCDs by Hg<sup>2+</sup> and second the fluorescence recovery upon addition of ascorbic acid from different sources. A rapid filter paper-based detection device is demonstrated based on the principles developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142566375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashraf M Mahmoud, Yahya S Alqahtani, Ali O Al-Qarni, Ramadan Ali, Mohamed M El-Wekil
{"title":"Molecular imprinting technology for electrochemical sensing of kasugamycin in food products based on Cu<sup>2+</sup>/Cu<sup>+</sup> stripping current.","authors":"Ashraf M Mahmoud, Yahya S Alqahtani, Ali O Al-Qarni, Ramadan Ali, Mohamed M El-Wekil","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01290a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01290a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An electrochemical sensing approach was developed for the detection of the agricultural antibiotic drug kasugamycin. The method involves the construction of an electrochemical sensor comprising molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) embedded within a carbon paste (CP) matrix. The MIPs are designed to have imprinted sites that match the size and geometry of the Cu(II)-kasugamycin coordinated complex. Upon removal of kasugamycin, cavities suitable for the drug's entrance are formed within the MIPs. The presence of Cu(II) facilitates the detection of the drug by generating a redox signal of Cu(II)-Cu(I), which can be easily detected using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The signal response of Cu(II)-Cu(I) increases in the presence of the drug, promoting the accumulation of Cu(II) ions within the imprinted cavities. Under optimized conditions, the anodic peak (<i>I</i><sub>pa</sub>) signal of Cu(II)-Cu(I) exhibits an increase proportional to the concentration of kasugamycin within the range of 0.15-140 μM. The detection limit (LOD, S/N = 3) achieved is 0.046 μM. The proposed sensor demonstrates several characteristic features including good stability, reliable performance, a low detection limit, and excellent selectivity. The Cu(II)-MIP@CP sensor proved effective in detecting kasugamycin within complex samples like meat, milk, and cucumber, yielding recovery% ranging from 96.0 to 103.8%. Additionally, the relative standard deviation % (RSD%) fell within the range of 2.2% to 4.0%, indicating good precision and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of a hydrophilic porphyrin-based MOF@COF hybrid <i>via</i> post-synthetic modification for <i>N</i>-glycopeptides analysis in human serum.","authors":"Dongping Rao, Luyan Meng, Xiuqin Sheng, Wenying Yu, Chuan-Fan Ding, Yinghua Yan","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01791a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01791a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A hybrid material, M@C-Br@GMA@Glu, consisting of a porphyrin-based metal-organic framework-covalent organic framework (MOF@COF), has been meticulously synthesized using a post-synthetic modification approach. This advanced material has demonstrated exceptional effectiveness in glycopeptide enrichment, characterized by an impressively low detection limit (0.2 fmol μL<sup>-1</sup>), high selectivity (1 : 2000), and loading capacity for glycopeptides (100 mg g<sup>-1</sup>). In practical applications with complex biological samples, 210 glycopeptides associated with 87 glycoproteins from the serum of the healthy group, and 156 glycopeptides related to 85 glycoproteins from the serum of cervical cancer were identified after enrichment with M@C-Br@GMA@Glu. Subsequent genetic ontology analysis has elucidated the relationship between cervical cancer and glycosylation, focusing on biological processes such as complement activation, innate immune response mechanisms, and the structural dynamics of the extracellular matrix. The collective findings not only validate the material's proficiency in the sensitive and selective enrichment of glycopeptides, but also underscore its potential in biomarker discovery applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digoxin detection for therapeutic drug monitoring using target-triggered aptamer hairpin switch and nicking enzyme-assisted signal amplification.","authors":"Yu-Ting Lin, Jing-Ru Liou, Hsin-Hua Liang, Yi-Hui Lin, Yen-Ling Chen","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01540a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01540a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside drug, is commonly used to treat heart failure and arrhythmias. The therapeutic concentration range of digoxin, with a narrow therapeutic index, is between 0.5 and 2.0 ng mL<sup>-1</sup>. Hence, it is important for patients to monitor their blood levels after taking medication to achieve effective treatment and reduce the likelihood of experiencing drug side effects. Due to the complex steps and high cost of immunoassays, aptasensors that use aptamers to recognize the targets offer the advantages of low cost and good stability over other analysis methods. Nicking enzyme-assisted signal amplification is a novel isothermal signal amplification technology that relies on nicking enzymes to recognize and cleave restriction sites on one oligonucleotide strand. In this study, we develop a fluorescent aptasensor coupled with target-triggered aptamer hairpin switch and nicking enzyme-assisted signal amplification for digoxin detection in plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring. After optimizing the experimental parameters, we design hairpin probes with ten base pairs of the aptamer sequence and extended sequence complement to react with digoxin in a 10 mM Tris buffer containing 150 mM NaCl and 50 mM MgCl<sub>2</sub> (pH 7.4). The signal amplification reactions were performed for 3 hours. The fluorescent aptasensor exhibited high sensitivity with a detection limit of 88 pg mL<sup>-1</sup> for detecting digoxin in plasma and a linear range from 0.1 ng mL<sup>-1</sup> to 5 ng mL<sup>-1</sup>. This technology was successfully used for digoxin detection to improve treatment effectiveness and minimize the risk of adverse side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miao Zhu, Yubin Han, Yitong Qiu, Yang Shen, Qingcheng Xu, Ya Huang, Tiantian Li, Mei Sun, Weiyu Pu
{"title":"Early colorectal cancer detection: a serum analysis platform combining SERS and machine learning.","authors":"Miao Zhu, Yubin Han, Yitong Qiu, Yang Shen, Qingcheng Xu, Ya Huang, Tiantian Li, Mei Sun, Weiyu Pu","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01716a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01716a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest malignancies globally, with high incidence and mortality rates. Early detection is crucial for improving treatment success rates and patient survival. However, due to the difficulty in detecting early symptoms, many cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, necessitating more sensitive and accurate detection methods. This study proposes a novel approach combining the Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Dynamic Weighted Nearest Neighbor (DWNN) model with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology to detect the serum of CRC mice at different stages. Establishing the CRC mice model, serum samples were collected for further analysis. An Au Nanocluster (AuNC) substrate was synthesized to ensure optimal SERS enhancement. The PCA-DWNN recognition model was constructed to classify the SERS spectra of CRC at different stages. The synthesized AuNC substrate has high sensitivity, good reproducibility, uniformity, and stability, making it a high-performance nanomaterial. The PCA-DWNN model has significant advantages in identifying high-dimensional and complex SERS spectra, offering excellent classification accuracy and robustness, with an accuracy rate of 97.5%. By analyzing the PCA loading plot, it was observed that as CRC progressed, the content and structure of proteins, lipids, amino acids, and carbohydrates in the serum changed, reflected in different characteristic peaks in the SERS spectra. This study suggests that SERS combined with PCA-DWNN has potential in the early detection of CRC, possibly providing a novel approach for clinical diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142542937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian Kelling Pereira, Ana Barbosa Viana, Adrean Arruda Macedo, Renan Buque Pardinho, Paula Dalla Vecchia, Valderi Luiz Dressler
{"title":"Exploring a low-cost turbidimetric sensor for available potassium determination in soil.","authors":"Cristian Kelling Pereira, Ana Barbosa Viana, Adrean Arruda Macedo, Renan Buque Pardinho, Paula Dalla Vecchia, Valderi Luiz Dressler","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01190b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01190b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potassium (K) is among the macronutrients required for crop production and it is absorbed through plant roots from the soil solution. Replenishment of soil K is usually done by fertilizer application; therefore, it is crucial to know the amount of this nutrient that's available in the soil. There's very little literature reporting a turbidimetric method for K determination, and even less in soil samples. The objective of this work is to evaluate a portable low-cost system that allows turbidimetric determination to assess the amount of available K in soil. The turbidimetric method consists of K precipitation with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB). The time and Mehlich-1, Mehlich-1 diluted 1 : 1 and water solutions for the extraction procedure were evaluated. The effect of pH, along with NaTPB volume and sensor signal stability, was also evaluated. With the optimized conditions, calibration of the sensor showed a good linearity (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9982), and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.1 and 0.3 mg L<sup>-1</sup> of K, respectively. No significant difference (<i>t</i> test with 95% confidence level) is observed between the results obtained with the sensor and the MP-AES and ICP OES determinations using Mehlich-1 solution for K extraction. The results presented here demonstrate that it is possible to use simple equipment to measure available K in soil on the field by using low amounts of reagents, which could make this analysis more accessible.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Jiang, Jinfeng Wang, Bin Feng, Panpan Mou, Shuo Zhou, Xianbo Zhang, Yan Zhou, Guosong Chen, Donghai Lin
{"title":"Sensitive and specific detection of trace Al<sup>3+</sup> ions using an upconversion nanoparticle-xylenol orange complex <i>via</i> the inner filter effect.","authors":"Rui Jiang, Jinfeng Wang, Bin Feng, Panpan Mou, Shuo Zhou, Xianbo Zhang, Yan Zhou, Guosong Chen, Donghai Lin","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01581a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01581a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed a novel fluorescence sensor based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for the rapid and sensitive detection of trace aluminum ions (Al<sup>3+</sup>). The sensor utilizes the inner filter effect (IFE) between the UCNPs and the xylenol orange-aluminum complex (XO-Al<sup>3+</sup>), resulting in significant fluorescence quenching at 543 nm upon Al<sup>3+</sup> binding. This quenching correlates directly with the Al<sup>3+</sup> concentration, allowing for quantitative detection within a range of 0-30 μM and achieving an ultra-low detection limit of 0.19 μM. Selectivity of the sensor is enhanced by the incorporation of ascorbic acid, which masks interfering Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions, thus ensuring accurate determination of Al<sup>3+</sup> even in the presence of other metal ions. The UCNPs-XO sensor exhibits excellent stability and reproducibility, and minimal interference from commonly co-existing substances. This makes it suitable for the detection of Al<sup>3+</sup> in various matrices, including food products and environmental water samples. Our work offers a significant advancement in Al<sup>3+</sup> detection, with potential applications in food safety, environmental monitoring, and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yulia S Sotnikova, Elena V Karpova, Dae Il Song, Dmitriy N Polovyanenko, Tatiana A Kuznetsova, Svetlana G Radionova, Elena G Bagryanskaya
{"title":"The development of an analytical procedure for the determination of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.","authors":"Yulia S Sotnikova, Elena V Karpova, Dae Il Song, Dmitriy N Polovyanenko, Tatiana A Kuznetsova, Svetlana G Radionova, Elena G Bagryanskaya","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01279h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01279h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics raise growing concerns regarding their ubiquity and possible negative impact on human health; therefore, the need for comparable, standardized methods is urgent. Modern instrumental analytical techniques, such as IR and Raman spectroscopy, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electron microscopy, are fundamental for the analysis of microplastics in environmental and biological objects. The quality of the samples prepared is a determining factor in the validity of the results obtained. Based on our research, currently approaches to preparing environmental samples are time-consuming and need some improvements. To overcome this problem, a new method for the preparation of freshwater samples was developed. In our research, peracetic acid and its combination with Fenton's reagent were employed for the first time to prepare natural water samples. Furthermore, we proposed the use of a heavy liquid based on sodium heteropolyoxotungstate with a density of 1.70 g cm<sup>-3</sup>, which allows the extraction of polymers with high density and is non-toxic. The new approach was compared with the most commonly used sample preparation method (peroxide oxidation (30% H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> + 0.05 M Fe(II) solution)) and showed higher recovery efficiency for microplastic particles in both test and freshwater samples collected from the rivers Ob (Novosibirsk, Russia) and Berd (Berdsk, Russia). The obtained results are promising; the time spent on this procedure is no more than 3 hours, which is 6 to 12 times faster than the most widely used methods. In addition, this approach makes it possible to obtain samples suitable for subsequent analysis by any analytical instrumental method.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive profiling of serum glycosphingolipids to discover the diagnostic biomarkers of lung cancer and uncover the variation of glycosphingolipid networks in different lung cancer subtypes.","authors":"Ting Hu, Feifei Han, Zhuoling An","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01685h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01685h","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycosphingolipids are glycolipid complexes formed by an oligosaccharide chain covalently linked to a ceramide backbone and play important roles in the occurrence and metastasis of lung cancer. In this study, an UHPLC-HRMS method was developed for the comprehensive profiling of glycosphingolipids, with an in-house library constructed for data interpretation. Serum glycosphingolipids were profiled in 31 healthy controls (HCs) and 92 lung cancer patients with different pathologic subtypes. Over 1700 glycosphingolipids were detected in human serum based on the novel method. A total of 567 differential glycosphingolipids (adjusted <i>P</i> < 0.05, and fold change > 2) were found between lung cancer patients and HCs. Glycosphingolipids can be used as potential biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis, with sensitivity much higher than that of traditional serum tumor markers. The levels of most glycosphingolipids in squamous cell carcinoma (Squa) were significantly lower than those in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and adenocarcinoma (Aden). The highest Cer1P abundance in SCLC patients among the three different subtypes of lung cancer was thought to be related to the high malignancy and metastasis of SCLC. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was constructed for the discrimination of the three different subtypes of lung cancer, with accuracy higher than 93%. Beyond providing biomarkers and statistical models for the diagnosis of lung cancer and discrimination of lung cancer subtypes, this study uncovered the variation of glycosphingolipid networks in different subtypes of lung cancer and thereby provided a novel insight to study the pathogenesis of lung cancer and explore therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142542936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A distinctive and proficient fluorescent switch for ratiometric recognition of the menacing cyanide ion: biological studies on MDA-MB-231 cells.","authors":"Amitav Biswas, Saswati Gharami, Atanu Maji, Subhabrata Guha, Gaurav Das, Rahul Naskar, Tapan Kumar Mondal","doi":"10.1039/d4ay01676a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ay01676a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new fluorescent ratiometric switch (BOHB) was developed for swift and selective detection of cyanide ions in aqueous media without any interference from other competitive anions. Upon gradual addition of cyanide ions into the probe solution, a prominent fluorescence color change from yellow to cyan was observed under a UV chamber. The fluorescence changes thus observed were ratiometric, and the detection limit of this new probe was found to be (22.1 ± 0.89) μM, suggesting that the efficiency of BOHB for the detection of cyanide ions is brilliant even at a minute level. The blue shift in fluorescence intensity upon the addition of cyanide ions was attributed to the deprotonation mechanism of acidic protons present in BOHB. This phenomenon was further explored using <sup>1</sup>H-NMR study, which supported the mechanism. Further, stability study was performed over a period of 5 days to prominently establish the stability of BOHB. The probe is also highly capable of recognizing CN<sup>-</sup> within a very short time-span (almost 15 seconds), thereby making it a brilliant fluorescent switch for the swift recognition of CN<sup>-</sup>. Furthermore, BOHB was employed for real water sample analysis to display its practical application. Besides, the easy-to-prepare dipstick experiment provides a simple, reusable and recyclable protocol for the suitable qualitative identification of CN<sup>-</sup>. Lastly, triple negative breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) cells were made susceptible to CN<sup>-</sup> sensing in a biological system, thereby making BOHB a biomarker tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":64,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}