Journal of Fusion Energy最新文献

Establishing a Coherent Qualification Pathway for Fusion Technologies 建立一个连贯的融合技术资格认证途径

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00597-5

Amanda Louise Allison

引用次数: 0

Development and Application of Collective Thomson Scattering Diagnostics for Energetic and Bulk Ion Measurements in the Large Helical Device 集体汤姆逊散射诊断在大型螺旋装置中高能和体离子测量中的发展和应用

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00595-7

Masaki Nishiura, Yuusuke Yamaguchi, Shin Kubo, Kenji Tanaka, Naoki Kenmochi, Ryoma Yanai, Ryosuke Seki, Hideo Nuga, Takashi Shimozuma, Yoshinori Tatematsu, Teruo Saito, Søren Bang Korsholm, Mirko Salewski, Dmitry Moseev

{"title":"Development and Application of Collective Thomson Scattering Diagnostics for Energetic and Bulk Ion Measurements in the Large Helical Device","authors":"Masaki Nishiura, Yuusuke Yamaguchi, Shin Kubo, Kenji Tanaka, Naoki Kenmochi, Ryoma Yanai, Ryosuke Seki, Hideo Nuga, Takashi Shimozuma, Yoshinori Tatematsu, Teruo Saito, Søren Bang Korsholm, Mirko Salewski, Dmitry Moseev","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00595-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00595-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To diagnose energetic and bulk ions in fusion plasmas, we have developed a millimeter-wave collective Thomson scattering (CTS) diagnostic system utilizing a megawatt-class gyrotron, originally designed for electron cyclotron heating (ECH), in the Large Helical Device (LHD). This paper presents CTS measurements of energetic and anisotropic ions produced by neutral beam injection (NBI), along with a method for analyzing CTS spectra. In addition, we report on the development of a 303 GHz gyrotron intended for CTS diagnostics, which enables lower background radiation levels and improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the detection of scattered signals.which is expected to reduce background radiation and improve the signal-to-noise ratio in CTS measurements. Furthermore, a high-performance notch filter has been developed to block stray radiation from the gyrotron beam within the vacuum vessel, preventing it from entering the receiver as noise. This type of notch filter is employed not only in CTS measurements but also in electron cyclotron emission (ECE) and correlation ECE diagnostics. This paper outlines these developments and their application to energetic ion diagnostics in LHD plasmas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10894-026-00595-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148751422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Optimization of Neon Soft X-ray Emission in a Spherical Plasma Focus Device with Lee Code 李码球形等离子体聚焦装置中氖软x射线发射的数值优化

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-08-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00596-6

M. I. Nayeem, M. A. Malek

{"title":"Numerical Optimization of Neon Soft X-ray Emission in a Spherical Plasma Focus Device with Lee Code","authors":"M. I. Nayeem, M. A. Malek","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00596-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00596-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A comprehensive numerical investigation was performed to optimize neon (Ne) soft X-ray emission (Y<sub>sxr</sub>) from a spherical plasma focus (SPF) device using the Lee code. As a prerequisite for predictive modeling, the code was benchmarked against the experimentally measured discharge current waveform of the 135 kJ SPF (N. V. Zavyalov et al., 2013). In this numerical study using ‘equivalent straight length’ technique referred to ‘shortcut’ simply fits a straight length equivalent to the curved run-down length of this SPF with the Lee code (for cylindrical electrodes), the computed current trace is first fitted to the measured one at 14.3 Torr deuterium-tritium (D-T) gas and the obtained best-fitted values of the model parameters are found as <span>(:{{f}_{m}=0.022,:f}_{c}=0.55,::{f}_{mr}=0.14,:{f}_{cr}=:0.72:)</span>. These values were then adopted in a systematic optimisation study of the pinch-plasma conditions. The simulations covered Ne fill pressures from 0.5 to 7 Torr, anode and cathode radii at fixed ratios of <span>(:b/a=1.8125)</span> and <span>(:b/a=1.41)</span>, and charging voltages from 15 to 30 kV. In all the cases, the plasma pinch temperature was constrained to the characteristic Ne emission window of (2.3–5) × 10<sup>6</sup> K. For each electrode geometry the code identified a unique combination of fill pressure and charging voltage that maximized Y<sub>sxr</sub>. At moderate electrode sizes and bank voltages of 25 kV the SPF is predicted to deliver peak Ne soft X-ray (SXR) yields exceeding 5 kJ per shot with efficiencies greater than 4%. In addition, our findings using the ‘shortcut’ method were compared to the results obtained by (Y. Ay, 2021) using the spherical magneto-hydrodynamic model where the cylindrical run-down section of the Lee code was modified to the spherical geometry. Indeed, both results overlap in some points, which is a validation of the ‘shortcut’. And thus, the Lee code was established as a robust and quantitative tool for the design and scaling of compact, high-performance Ne SXR sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of Charge Exchange Spectroscopy in LHD LHD电荷交换光谱研究进展

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00594-8

Mikirou Yoshinuma, Katsumi Ida, Tatsuya Kobayashi

引用次数: 0

Spectroscopy Using a Schwob-Fraenkel Grazing Incidence Spectrometer schwo - fraenkel掠入射光谱仪的光谱学研究

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00585-9

Chihiro Suzuki, Hisamichi Funaba, Naoki Tamura

引用次数: 0

An Integrated AHP-SWOT Analysis on the Strategic Transition of Traditional Oil and Gas Companies to Fusion Energy in China 中国传统油气企业向聚变能源战略转型的AHP-SWOT综合分析

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00593-9

Chao Guo, Ya Yuan, Yongxin Zheng, Bo Wang, Xingang Li

引用次数: 0

Plasma Disruption Prediction on the Nanchang Spherical Tokamak: A Comparative Study of Models Based on Sliding Window Statistical Features 南昌球形托卡马克等离子体破坏预测：基于滑动窗口统计特征的模型比较研究

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00590-y

Li Zhang, Xincheng Xiong, Xiaochang Chen, Sanqiu Liu, Xiaolan Liu

{"title":"Plasma Disruption Prediction on the Nanchang Spherical Tokamak: A Comparative Study of Models Based on Sliding Window Statistical Features","authors":"Li Zhang, Xincheng Xiong, Xiaochang Chen, Sanqiu Liu, Xiaolan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00590-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00590-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plasma disruption poses a critical challenge to the steady-state operation of tokamaks. Based on 201 discharge shots from the Nanchang Spherical Tokamak (NCST), this study presents a systematic evaluation of disruption prediction models that integrate sliding window statistical features with machine learning. From eight diagnostic signals, local mean and standard deviation within a 5 ms window are extracted to construct a 24-dimensional feature space. Four models—Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine and LightGBM—are compared under a 20 ms warning window, with hyperparameters optimized via cross-validation and cost-sensitive learning. Results indicate that LightGBM outperforms the others, achieving 96.7% accuracy, 100% recall, and an F1 score of 0.960. Feature importance analysis highlights loop voltage, toroidal magnetic field, and plasma stored energy as the most significant contributors, which aligns with the physical mechanisms of disruptions. This work validates the feasibility of disruption prediction on NCST and provides a model reference for the real-time warning system of the upgraded NCST-U device.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criteria for the economic viability of fusion power plants 核聚变发电厂经济可行性的标准

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00577-9

D. G. Whyte, A. Lo, R. Bielajew, M. Hancock, R. Moeykens, G. Shaw

{"title":"Criteria for the economic viability of fusion power plants","authors":"D. G. Whyte, A. Lo, R. Bielajew, M. Hancock, R. Moeykens, G. Shaw","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00577-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00577-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Commercial fusion energy requires frameworks to assess both the scientific and economic viability of a wide variety of fusion concepts. Inspired by the Lawson criterion’s ability to universally describe fusion energy gain, a generalized framework is developed to determine the economic gain of fusion power plants. The model exploits temporal equilibrium, and engineering and cost parameters normalized to the energy capture surface. The derived criteria for economic gain are therefore independent of the power plant’s absolute power, impartial to the particulars of its fusion technology, and can be applied to any fusion confinement concept. The derivation of the economic gain factor, <span>(mathrm {Q_{econ}})</span>, results in nonlinear equations with ten controlling normalized design parameters ranging from fusion power density and surface component lifetime to energy fluence, price of energy, and component efficiency and cost. These ten controlling parameters are varied over a wide range to provide high-level insights in design, finance and operational tradeoffs that improve the prospects for economically viable fusion energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10894-026-00577-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-Time Control System for Electron Cyclotron Heating Injection on LHD LHD电子回旋加热注入实时控制系统

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00588-6

Naoki Kenmochi, Tohru Ii Tsujimura, Yoshinori Mizuno, Masaki Nishiura, Kota Okada, Yasuo Yoshimura, Hiroe Igami, Hiromi Takahashi, Ryoma Yanai, Toshiki Takeuchi, Shin Kubo, Takashi Shimozuma, Sakuji Kobayashi, Satoshi Ito, Hidenori Takubo

{"title":"Real-Time Control System for Electron Cyclotron Heating Injection on LHD","authors":"Naoki Kenmochi, Tohru Ii Tsujimura, Yoshinori Mizuno, Masaki Nishiura, Kota Okada, Yasuo Yoshimura, Hiroe Igami, Hiromi Takahashi, Ryoma Yanai, Toshiki Takeuchi, Shin Kubo, Takashi Shimozuma, Sakuji Kobayashi, Satoshi Ito, Hidenori Takubo","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00588-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00588-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Real-time control of electron cyclotron heating (ECH) is critical for optimizing plasma performance and preventing instabilities in advanced fusion devices. We present a comprehensive real-time ECH control system developed on the Large Helical Device (LHD) that enables real-time adjustment of microwave heating in response to evolving plasma conditions. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) controller actuates the ECH launchers, enabling millisecond-level adjustments of both injection angle and polarization to maximize absorption as plasma density and temperature profiles change. To compute suitable settings rapidly, a generative adversarial network (GAN) model was trained on thousands of past LHD discharges and ray-tracing simulations of ECH to generate control parameters for the deposition position and polarization. In high-density LHD experiments, another machine-learning-based prediction framework enabled the first active avoidance of radiative collapse. The predictor identified an impending collapse about 65 milliseconds in advance, triggering automated ECH power re-targeting and a cutoff of fueling that stabilized the plasma beyond the conventional density limit. These developments demonstrate how real-time ECH control, together with machine-learning-assisted prediction and inference, can sustain stable, high-performance plasmas, highlighting a pathway toward long-duration, steady-state fusion operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10894-026-00588-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of High-Power Microwave Transmission System for ECH in LHD LHD中用于ECH的大功率微波传输系统综述

IF 2.3 4区工程技术

Journal of Fusion Energy Pub Date : 2026-07-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10894-026-00586-8

Ryoma Yanai, Shin Kubo, Takashi Shimozuma, Yasuo Yoshimura, Masaki Nishiura, Hiroe Igami, Hiromi Takahashi, Toru Ii Tsujimura, Naoki Kenmochi, Sakuji Kobayashi, Satoshi Ito, Yoshinori Mizuno, Kota Okada, Toshiki Takeuchi, Hidenori Takubo

{"title":"Review of High-Power Microwave Transmission System for ECH in LHD","authors":"Ryoma Yanai, Shin Kubo, Takashi Shimozuma, Yasuo Yoshimura, Masaki Nishiura, Hiroe Igami, Hiromi Takahashi, Toru Ii Tsujimura, Naoki Kenmochi, Sakuji Kobayashi, Satoshi Ito, Yoshinori Mizuno, Kota Okada, Toshiki Takeuchi, Hidenori Takubo","doi":"10.1007/s10894-026-00586-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10894-026-00586-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electron cyclotron heating (ECH) is one of the auxiliary heating methods employed in many magnetically confined fusion devices. In the Large Helical Device (LHD), the ECH system - including high-power gyrotrons, transmission lines, and mirror antennas – has played an important role in improving plasma parameters and realizing a variety of plasma experiments. Highly efficient transmission lines capable of withstanding high-power microwaves are essential to deliver high-power microwaves emitted from gyrotrons. In addition, mirror antennas are important for ensuring that the ECH power is absorbed at the intended location. In this paper, the ECH transmission system, focusing on the associated components used in high-power microwave transmission lines and various mirror antennas prepared for the LHD experiment, is reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":634,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fusion Energy","volume":"45 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10894-026-00586-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0