{"title":"Electric vehicles — Educational aspects","authors":"U. Schafer","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350322","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the worldwide availability of electric energy and the CO2 emissions of fossil fuel propelled vehicles, with the progress on Lithium ion battery technology electric vehicles have become an important option for sustainable mobility. Research efforts on electric mobility are growing worldwide. Future research and industrial development will require experts on electric vehicles. Adequate activities in teaching concern all levels from undergraduate studies up to PhD thesis. Electric mobility research certainly includes battery and drive design, but opening the total frame renders a wider view. Due to the well-known drawbacks like limited range and long loading time, new concepts for mobility organization become necessary. Electric mobility needs interdisciplinary working. The following paper presents a selection of eligible courses concerning both electric vehicles and adopted mobility showing the broadness of the approach. According to the conference topic, detailed information has however been limited to drive problems.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"6 1","pages":"3044-3049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74576965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sahraoui, S. Zouzou, A. Ghoggal, S. Guedidi, H. Derghal
{"title":"An improved algorithm for detection of rotor faults in squirrel cage induction motors based on a new fault indicator","authors":"M. Sahraoui, S. Zouzou, A. Ghoggal, S. Guedidi, H. Derghal","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350088","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an improved fault detection algorithm is proposed to ameliorate the reliability of the rotor fault detection task. The proposed algorithm uses the Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA); it is based on monitoring the Relative Harmonic Indexes (RHI) as a new fault indicator. The most sensitive harmonics to the occurrence of rotor bar faults contribute to the calculation process of the RHI, which represents its main advantage compared to the classical fault indicators. The proposed algorithm requires only the stator current signal as input. For each data acquisition, it estimates the slip, identifies the frequencies and the amplitudes of the searched harmonics then it computes the RHI. After that, the algorithm normalises and classifies the RHI. The obtained results are displayed on the monitor screen of the personal computer. For any data acquisition, the proposed algorithm allows the user to know the motor state, the fault severity and the slip. A lot of experimental tests, carried out on a 3kW squirrel cage induction motor, confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to detect rotor bar fault under different operation conditions even at very low loads.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"1 1","pages":"1572-1578"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75933440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and experimental evaluation of a compact hybrid excitation claw-pole rotor","authors":"D. Hagstedt, A. Reinap, J. Ottosson, M. Alakula","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350298","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the electromagnetic design and experimental evaluation of an electrically magnetized permanent magnet assisted synchronous machine (EMPMSM). The work is carried out on an existing Lundell alternator where the design of the rotor facilitates features of field strengthening and weakening operation possible including the efficiency improvement. A relatively simple and compact slip ring less rotor with EM and PM excitation is proposed, analysed and tested. A series of 3D FE transient computations are made in order to estimate efficiency at different operation points and with different types of rotor cores: solid iron and powder core. A rotor with the solid iron core is built and tested including different aspects of torque and power loss production.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"9 1","pages":"2896-2901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74965868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contribution of LCA approach to the choice of rotating electrical machines for environmental impact minimization","authors":"W. Boughanmi, J. Manata, D. Roger","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349851","url":null,"abstract":"From usual point of view, electrical machine is designed and chosen in order to minimum initial investment for given characteristics. Eco-design is a new approach for motors design, it introduces additional environmental dimension to traditional choices method. It uses a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools. This work highlights the LCA approach applied to AC machines. Then the global environmental costs of the machine are evaluated considering its total life cycle and according to normalised impact criteria. Finally, the implication of LCA approach to the choice of a standard electrical machine is realised in order to minimise the global environmental costs.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"40 1","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77462337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kuttler, K. E. Benkara, G. Friedrich, F. Vangraefschepe, A. Abdelli
{"title":"Analytical model taking into account the cross saturation for the optimal sizing of IPMSM","authors":"S. Kuttler, K. E. Benkara, G. Friedrich, F. Vangraefschepe, A. Abdelli","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350280","url":null,"abstract":"The optimal design of electrical machines is an important issue in a context of industrial competitiveness particularly in the automotive, in order to minimize the use of scarce material and to save energy. In addition, a \"really\" optimal design needs to dispose sufficiently accurate and fast models of the main physical phenomena involved in an electromechanical conversion. This work deals with a old phenomenon, the cross-saturation, which is not restricted to IPMSM however it is rarely taken into account even though it is particularly significant during operational modes of high level saturation. This paper provides an analytical model based on a network of variable reluctances taking into account the magnetic saturation gathering accuracy and fast resolution. After a description of this model and its use for determining the evolution of the magnetic fluxes on d-q axis, these results will be compared with these obtained by FE model. A discussion about the compromise between accuracy and time calculation of the two models will be deduced.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"30 1","pages":"2779-2785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77733502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contactless power supply for magnetically levitated elevator systems","authors":"R. Appunn, B. Riemer, K. Hameyer","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349931","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetically levitated vehicles need a contactless energy transmission system to supply on-board components without physical contact to a guiding rail. In contrast to stand-alone contactless power supply (CPS) systems this paper introduces a combined CPS and electromagnetic guiding system (MGS). The inductive energy transmission is realized by utilizing the magnetic circuit of an actuator of the linear guiding. With this approach two devices are combined into one entity. The hybrid actuator consists of an omega shape iron yoke with permanent magnets and coils on its lateral arms. A concentrated primary winding is added to the guide rail and a coil wound around the central arm of the omega actuator functions as secondary winding. Hereby a superposition of the MGS flux and the CPS flux emerges in the magnetic circuit of the actuator and the transmission path is established. The proposed system requires less construction space and weight compared to existing energy transmission systems.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"27 1","pages":"600-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78170051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and optimization of a Permanent Magnet Transverse Flux Machine","authors":"C. Pompermaier, Lars Sjoberg, G. Nord","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6349932","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and optimization of a Permanent Magnet Transverse Flux Machine. The design procedure takes into account a script-based, 3D Finite Elements simulation and some additional analytical equations to obtain the full performance of the machine. A Genetic Algorithm optimization method is used in order to achieve the best possible relationship among mechanical power, efficiency and volume. The results will be compared to the actual machine.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"238 1","pages":"606-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80400909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Pluk, B. Gysen, J. Janssen, E. Lomonova, J. Jansen
{"title":"Modeling of a finite, rectangular, conducting plate in an eddy current damper","authors":"K. Pluk, B. Gysen, J. Janssen, E. Lomonova, J. Jansen","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350290","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents and employs the method of images in two dimensions on an eddy current damper with a finite conducting plate. The eddy current damper consists of a finite rectangular conducting plate which is moving between cuboidal magnets. The first modeling step is based on an infinite conducting plate. The method of images in two dimensions is used to include the finite boundaries of the conducting plate and to complete the model. By applying the method of images the modeling accuracy of the damping coefficient significantly improves. This paper shows that the assumption of an infinite conducting plate gives less than 15 % error if the conducting plate has at least twice the dimensions of the permanent magnet. With the application of the method of images, the modeling error for a conducting plate with twice the permanent magnet dimensions decreases to less than 3 % with respect to finite element modeling.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"29 1","pages":"2846-2851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79019313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensorless variable speed single-phase induction motor drive system based on direct rotor flux orientation","authors":"M. Caruso, V. Cecconi, A. D. Di Tommaso, R. Rocha","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350007","url":null,"abstract":"The single-phase induction motor (SPIM) is one of the electrical machines more used in the World, and can be found in several fractional and sub-fractional horsepower applications in houses, offices, shoppings, farms, and industries. The introduction of more sophisticated applications has required the use of variable speed drives for SPIM, where the adoption of sensorless techniques is the more reasonable option for speed control due to the low cost of this electrical machine. A proposal for sensorless variable speed SPIM drive based on direct rotor field orientation techniques is presented in this paper. None transformation is used in order to eliminate the asymmetry of the stator windings of the SPIM. The rotor speed is estimated from an flux observer, which is based on two independent linear feedback control systems. The speed and flux estimatives are used in two control loop based on PID regulators, which determine the voltages to be applied to the SPIM windings by a three-legs VSI inverter. Using computer simulations, two situations are considered in order to demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed sensorless speed control for SPIM drives: variations on rotor speed reference and the application of mechanical load.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"3 1","pages":"1062-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78994736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Rossini, E. Onillon, Olivier Chételat, Y. Perriard
{"title":"An optimal sensor placement strategy for force and torque analytical models of a reaction sphere actuator for satellite attitude control","authors":"L. Rossini, E. Onillon, Olivier Chételat, Y. Perriard","doi":"10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICELMACH.2012.6350243","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an optimization strategy to position magnetic flux density sensors in a reaction sphere actuator. The reaction sphere consists in a magnetic bearings spherical rotor whose rotation axis can be electronically controlled. The actuator is composed of an 8-pole permanent magnet spherical rotor and of a 20-coil stator. Force and torque analytical models of the actuator are parameterized using 7 decomposition coefficients that deliver to the models all the necessary information relative to the orientation of the rotor inside the stator. These coefficients are determined non-iteratively and in a linear fashion by measuring the radial component of the magnetic flux density from at least 7 different locations. The proposed optimization procedure consists in minimizing the condition number related to the linear estimation problem of the coefficients so as to minimize the influence of the measurement noise on force and torque relative errors. Finally, numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed optimization strategy.","PeriodicalId":6309,"journal":{"name":"2012 XXth International Conference on Electrical Machines","volume":"43 2 1","pages":"2545-2551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79321667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}