Journal of Bionic Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Neural Lyapunov-Guided Reinforcement Learning with LIPM Foothold Convergence for Stable Bipedal Locomotion","authors":"Yan Luo,&nbsp;Li Ping Chen,&nbsp;Yu Hao Song,&nbsp;Huang Chen,&nbsp;Jian Wan Ding","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00966-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00966-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes a Reinforcement Learning framework for bipedal robots that integrates Lyapunov stability principles with gait prediction based on the Linear Inverted Pendulum Model (LIPM). Unlike conventional approaches that rigidly enforce the policy to track model-planned footholds, the proposed method emphasizes the convergence trend whereby actual footholds gradually approach the desired ones. To achieve this, a neural Lyapunov critic is constructed to incorporate LIPM-predicted footholds and their errors as inputs, learning energy-decreasing patterns to softly constrain policy behavior. Furthermore, a Lyapunov-augmented advantage estimation mechanism is developed, enabling the policy to benefit from both task rewards and stability compensation, thereby unifying physical interpretability, stability guarantees, and the flexibility of Reinforcement Learning. This study conducts large-scale experiments in Isaac Gym with 4096 parallel environments and further validate the approach on the TRON1A bipedal robot. Results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance in terrain adaptability, velocity tracking capability, stair-climbing success rate, and highly dynamic locomotion tasks. Moreover, the approach exhibits strong sim-to-real transferability, confirming its robustness and generalization in diverse real-world environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"2880 - 2895"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical Effects of Compression Leggings: 3D Finite Element Analysis of Pressure, Tissue Deformation, and Muscle Stress","authors":"Xiaolu Li,&nbsp;Chongyang Ye,&nbsp;Haiyun Song,&nbsp;Yu Shi,&nbsp;Ruixin Liang,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Ka Po Lee,&nbsp;Hiu-Tung Yu,&nbsp;Haochen Zhu,&nbsp;Raymond Kai-yu Tong,&nbsp;Kit-lun Yick,&nbsp;Sun-Pui Ng,&nbsp;Joanne Yip","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00968-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00968-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compression leggings act as external bio-functional supports that enhance postural stability and gait performance. This study developed a subject-specific three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) model of the female lower body to investigate the biomechanical interactions between compression leggings and underlying tissues, focusing on interface pressure, soft tissue deformation, and intramuscular stress. A distinctive and comprehensive methodology reconstructed anatomically accurate geometries from high-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging data to segment nine major muscle groups. Region-specific hyperelastic properties were assigned from in vivo indentation tests, and orthotropic fabric properties were characterised through uniaxial tension and shear testing. FE simulations revealed non-uniform responses: interface pressure decreased from the calf to the low hip before increasing at the high hip, with higher anterior pressures linked to anatomical curvature. Tissue deformation peaked at the high hip and was minimal at the calf, while muscle stress reflected tissue stiffness and pressure, with the highest values in the calf anterior. These findings inform biomechanics-oriented design strategies, where gradient compression and fabrics with varied elasticity, anisotropic stretch, or engineered knits are optimised to align with local tissue properties and curvature. Model predictions agreed with experimental measurements (errors: 15.4% in pressure; 16.0% in deformation), supporting digital evaluation and virtual optimisation of compression leggings to enhance functionality, comfort, and realism in both physical and metaverse applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"3055 - 3071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-026-00968-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bio-inspired Integrated Framework for Disturbance Rejection Whole-Body Control of Humanoid Robots","authors":"Guanqun Chen,&nbsp;Teng Zhang,&nbsp;Fusheng Zha,&nbsp;Lianzhao Zhang,&nbsp;Pengfei Wang,&nbsp;Lining Sun","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00965-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00965-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dynamic balancing capability of humanoid robots in unstructured terrain and under external force disturbances constitutes a critical challenge for their practical application. This paper proposes an integrated framework combining disturbance estimation, online motion planning, and whole-body control to enhance the robustness of humanoid robots against external disturbances and their adaptability to complex terrains. Firstly, a disturbance observer based on the velocity residual of the Divergent Component of Motion (DCM) is designed. It enables real-time estimation of external force disturbances acting on the robot’s Center of Mass (CoM) without requiring foot force sensors and demonstrates enhanced robustness against model errors and sensor noise. Next, a hierarchical online locomotion planner is proposed: a footstep planner optimizes foot placement positions and gait cycles in real-time using Quadratic Programming (QP), while a gait generator employs a 3D DCM-based Model Predictive Controller (MPC) to generate robust CoM trajectory and gaits based on the planned foot placements. Then, a Disturbance Rejection Whole-Body Controller (DR-WBC) is developed, which incorporates the estimated disturbances into the whole-body dynamics constraints, achieving active disturbance compensation and direct joint torque control. Finally, simulations and experiments conducted on the humanoid robot Dexbot from Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) demonstrate that the proposed framework effectively enhances the robot’s stable walking capability under disturbances and on uneven terrain, validating its effectiveness and engineering practicality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"2949 - 2970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passively Adaptive Robotic Hands: A Trade-off-driven Review of Core Mechanisms, Performance Indicators, and Application Scenarios","authors":"Tian Yang,&nbsp;ShuYue Zhang,&nbsp;Zheng Deng,&nbsp;Hongliu Yu,&nbsp;Qiaoling Meng","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00972-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00972-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Passively adaptive robotic hands have attracted growing attention because they shift part of the burden of grasp adaptation from sensing and control to mechanical design. However, existing reviews often discuss variable stiffness, underactuation, structural deformation, and related strategies separately, making it difficult to compare how different passive mechanisms balance adaptability, load capacity, grasp precision, and control simplicity. This paper provides a trade-off-driven and application-oriented review of passively adaptive robotic hands. The field is synthesized from a mechanism-performance-application perspective, covering four major categories: variable-stiffness mechanisms, underactuated coupling and transmission mechanisms, structural deformation mechanisms, and mode-switching and hybrid actuation strategies. These mechanisms are discussed in relation to key performance indicators, including shape adaptability, payload, positional tolerance, impact resistance, lightweight design, and reliability, as well as their relevance to representative scenarios such as daily object grasping, high-load manipulation, and clinical assistive applications. Rather than maximizing any single performance metric, passive adaptive mechanisms primarily contribute by redistributing competing design constraints through mechanical intelligence. Finally, this paper highlights current challenges, discusses limitations in cross-study performance comparison, and outlines promising directions for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"2645 - 2672"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Detection Using Xception Convolutional Neural Network with Black-winged Frigate Optimization","authors":"Asfia Sabahath,&nbsp;Gotte Vasavi,&nbsp;Pendela Kanchanamala,&nbsp;Belsam Jeba Ananth M","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00947-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00947-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a long-term autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly targets and damages healthy tissues and organs. Prevailing models delayed the diagnosis and failed to detect the disease in its early stages, which led to worse patient outcomes and less effective treatments. Therefore, the Xception Convolutional Neural Network with Black-Winged Frigate Optimization Algorithm (XCovNet_Bla-WFOA) is developed for effective SLE detection. First, the input data is collected from the database, and then data normalization is done by Z-score normalization. Besides, relevant features are selected by the proposed Black-Winged Frigate Optimization Algorithm (Bla-WFOA), which fuses the strengths of Magnificent Frigatebird Optimization (MFO) and Black-Winged Kite Algorithm (BKA). Next, data augmentation is accomplished by the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). Consequently, Lupus Erythematosus detection is implemented by Xception Convolutional Neural Network (XCovNet), where the newly established Bla-WFOA is exploited for optimizing the XCovNet to enhance the detection process. Finally, the Explainable Artificial Intelligence-SHapley Additive exPlanations (XAI-SHAP) are utilized to interpret the detected results. The XCovNet_Bla-WFOA model obtained an accuracy of 93.877%, sensitivity of 95.776%, and specificity of 92.988% for K-value 8.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"3312 - 3334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress and Perspectives on Biomimetic Design of Human Load Regulation Mechanisms for Passive Lower-limb Exoskeletons: A Design Outlook for Continuous Metamorphic Biomimetic Mechanisms","authors":"Qian Li,&nbsp;Junchao Zhao,&nbsp;Yulu Jiang,&nbsp;Longyang Du,&nbsp;Maorong Liu,&nbsp;Yuwei Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00962-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00962-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Passive Lower-Limb Exoskeletons (PLLEs) have emerged as a frontier in the fields of assistive locomotion and rehabilitation robotics due to their significant advantages in biomechanical compatibility, energy efficiency, and system lightweight design. This paper systematically classifies and reviews the research progress on PLLEs over recent decades, focusing on the mechanical power transmission mechanisms and system architectures for locomotion-load assistance. By utilizing a bio-inspired evaluation framework based on human lower-limb load regulation mechanisms, the study addresses the limitations of exoskeleton assistance performance. It highlights the significant impact of human–machine locomotion coupling effects on stress distribution in lower limb joints and the collaboration between humans and exoskeletons, which hinders their application in rehabilitation and prevention. The study proposes an integrated continuous metamorphic mechanism in a biomimetic design to enhance human–machine cooperation of PLLEs by achieving passive compliant dynamic responses aligned with lower limb biomechanics. Two potential research directions are then suggested: I. Bio-kinematic dimensional synthesis of PLLEs considering wearable uncertainties for workspace dexterity and accommodation pre-metamorphosis; II. Bio-dimensional synthesis based on PLLEs' rigid-flexible coupled dynamics for axial impact buffering control during metamorphic process of lower limbs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"2673 - 2701"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRAF-Net: A Multi-stage Recursive Alignment and Fusion Network for High-precision 3D Medical Image Registration","authors":"Chao Fan,&nbsp;Xueting Wan,&nbsp;Li Chen,&nbsp;Tianjia Zhao,&nbsp;Huijun Zhao,&nbsp;Mengyang Yun","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00943-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00943-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-rigid 3D medical image registration, which establishes dense anatomical correspondences between scans, is a critical step in clinical diagnosis and surgical planning. However, existing methods struggle to address three key challenges simultaneously: capturing complex anatomical deformations, balancing global alignment with local detail preservation, and maintaining computational efficiency.To overcome these limitations, we introduce MRAF-Net, a Multi-stage Recursive Alignment and Fusion network designed for high-precision registration with minimal computational overhead. MRAF-Net adopts a multi-stage encoder-decoder scheme. It begins with a Hierarchical Residual Encoder (HR-Encoder), which incorporates a Hybrid Anti-Aliasing Downsampling (HAAD) to extract multi-scale features while preserving structural integrity and suppressing aliasing artifacts during downsampling. Within the decoder, the core Progressive Alignment Module (PAM) recursively propagates and refines deformation fields across scales. The PAM integrates a Context-Aware Feature Fusion Module (CAFM) to model spatial-channel correspondences between images, and a lightweight Spatial Residual Flow Head (SRFH) for parameter-efficient local deformation prediction. Experiments on LPBA40, OASIS, and IXI datasets demonstrate that MRAF-Net generates anatomically plausible deformation fields with superior topological integrity. Comprehensive evaluations against the strong baseline TransMorph reveal that MRAF-Net achieves a 6.7% higher Dice score (DSC), reduces the 95% Hausdorff Distance (HD95) by 38.1%, and lowers the Average Symmetric Surface Distance (ASSD) by 41.9% on the LPBA40 dataset, while requiring 60% fewer parameters (18.7 M vs 46.5 M). These results confirm the method's efficiency and accuracy for high-resolution clinical deployment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"3213 - 3235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Biomimetic Joint Lubricants: From Single-function Lubrication and Multifunctional Therapy to Cross-scale Mechanistic Insights","authors":"Fangyue Mi,&nbsp;Chenyang Gong,&nbsp;Dangsheng Xiong","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00944-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00944-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease. Insufficient joint lubrication in OA patients leads to joint pain, stiffness, and restricted normal physiological activity; therefore, restoring joint lubrication is a key strategy for OA treatment. This review summarizes recent advances in single-function and multifunctional lubricants from three aspects: structure, function, and research methodologies. Single-function lubricants primarily rely on hydration lubrication mechanisms to reduce the coefficient of friction and achieve joint lubrication and wear reduction. However, because they focus solely on interfacial lubrication performance and exhibit limited functionality, they are insufficient to halt the complex pathological progression of OA. This limitation has driven the emergence of multifunctional lubricant systems incorporating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, tissue repair, and regenerative functions, as well as intelligent stimulus-responsive capabilities. In addition, this review highlights the synergistic roles of multiscale interfacial characterization techniques and molecular dynamics simulations in elucidating both biological and biomimetic lubrication mechanisms. The emerging applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in lubrication performance prediction, inverse molecular design, and multiscale data integration are also discussed. Finally, key translational barriers are analyzed, including the heavy reliance on idealized model systems and the lack of standardized evaluation criteria. This review aims to provide a scientific foundation and new perspectives for the development of biomimetic joint lubricants and the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"2702 - 2742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise Inner Ear Delivery of Injectable GelMA Hydrogel Containing Andrographolide Promotes Repair of Diabetic Hearing Loss","authors":"Jingbin Hao,&nbsp;Ding Shen,&nbsp;Siyu Liu,&nbsp;Shuaihang Wang,&nbsp;Xi Shi,&nbsp;Yuehua Qiao,&nbsp;Konduru Naveena,&nbsp;Gaorong Zhang,&nbsp;He Sun,&nbsp;Zuoli Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00953-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00953-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the poor efficacy of conventional oral medications in treating inner ear disorders due to the presence of the Blood-Labyrinth Barrier (BLB) in the inner ear, we designed an inner ear injectable Andro@GelMA hydrogel for the repair of Diabetic Hearing Loss (DHL). Natural protein-derived materials, such as collagen and gelatin, hold broad prospects in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Specifically, Gelatin Methacryloyl Acetate (GelMA), a photosensitive polymer obtained by modifying gelatin with methacrylic anhydride, inherits the high biocompatibility of collagen, making it an ideal drug delivery carrier. In this study, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and rheological tests demonstrated that hydrogen-bonding linkages formed between Andrographolide (Andro) and GelMA, thereby enhancing cross-linking degree and structural stability. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo tests confirmed that the Andro@GelMA hydrogel could achieve controllable sustained release by adjusting the cross-linking degree. Furthermore, in vitro cellular experiments showed strong protective effects on auditory cells, while animal experiments verified that this local delivery system significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of DHL and promoted the regeneration of damaged inner ear hair cells compared to the control group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"3091 - 3109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Spectral Calibration Integrated with Diffusion Based Temporal Fusion for Accurate and Interpretable Hyperspectral Brain Tumor Segmentation","authors":"Priyanka Gupta,&nbsp;Garima Jaiswal,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s42235-026-00955-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-026-00955-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The segmentation of brain tumors, based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI), has been attracting considerable interest for its capability of providing detailed spectral–spatial information about tissue. Current segmentation methods based on HSI have limitations such as spectral noise, illumination changes, high dimensionality of data, and temporal variation between successive surgical frames, which can impact the accuracy of segmentation and its clinical utility. In this work, we suggest a dynamic spectral calibration (DSC) integrated with diffusion-based temporal fusion (DTF) framework to overcome these limitations and achieve interpretable and low latency brain tumor segmentation in HSI. It is based on a spectral-attentive denoising stage using a deep convolutional autoencoder to remove spectral noise while maintaining the most important biochemical and morphological tissue properties. Then, a diffusion-assisted spectral–spatial tumor mapping module is used to iteratively refine the tumor boundary using a reverse diffusion method. A DSC module adaptively recalibrates the spectral responses based on a gradient guided spectral prior optimization to increase robustness in varying illumination conditions during surgery. Moreover, the Hierarchical Spatial–Temporal Integration module integrates multi-scale spatial representations and temporal feature learning via recurrent attention mechanisms and gated recurrent units to ensure temporal coherence between successive frames. The explainable artificial intelligence module is also integrated to offer interpretable visualization of spectral and spatial decision patterns, offering clinical transparency and confidence in the model predictions. Experimental results on hyperspectral brain tumor datasets show that the proposed DSC–DTF framework provides competitive segmentation results with dice similarity coefficient of 97.12%, intersection over union of 94.47%, sensitivity of 96.32%, specificity of 97.18%, Hausdorff distance of 3.42 mm, spectral angle mapper of 3.41° and Temporal Consistency Index of 95.25%. The outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in enhancing the spectral consistency, segmentation accuracy, and temporal stability of the hyperspectral brain tumor data while maintaining its interpretability and computational efficiency for real-time intraoperative support in analyzing brain tumors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"23 5","pages":"3236 - 3262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}