Moise Raphael Tsimbo Fokou, Qirong Xia, Hu Jin, Min Xu, Erbao Dong
{"title":"A Soft Robotic Fish Actuated by Artificial Muscle Modules (SoRoFAAM-1)","authors":"Moise Raphael Tsimbo Fokou, Qirong Xia, Hu Jin, Min Xu, Erbao Dong","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00390-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00390-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we present the design, fabrication, locomotion and bionic analysis of a Soft Robotic Fish Actuated by Artificial Muscle (SoRoFAAM). As a carangiform swimmer, the most important part of SoRoFAAM-1, on the motion point of view, is its tail designed around a bidirectional flexible bending actuator by layered bonding technology. This actuator is made of two artificial muscle modules based on Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires. Each artificial muscle module has four independent SMA-wire channels and is therefore capable of producing four different actuations. This design allows us to implement an adaptive regulated control strategy based on resistance feedback of the SMA wires to prevent them from overheating. To improve the actuation frequency to 2 Hz and the heat-dissipation ratio by 60%, we developed a round-robin heating strategy. Furthermore, the thermomechanical model of actuator is built, and the thermal transformation is analysed. The relationships between the actuation parameters and SoRoFAAM-1’s kinematic parameters are analysed. The versatility of the actuator endows SoRoFAAM-1 with cruise straight and turning abilities. Moreover, SoRoFAAM-1 has a good bionic fidelity; in particular, a maneuverability of 0.15, a head swing factor of 0.38 and a Strouhal number of 0.61.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2030 - 2043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00390-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4938437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongwei Yan, Fa Song, Nuo Xu, Haochen Zhu, Hongxu Xing, Shujun Zhang, Jiyu Sun
{"title":"Study on the Vibration Reduction Characteristics of FWMAV Flexible Bionic Wings Mimicking the Hindwings of Trypoxylus dichotomus","authors":"Yongwei Yan, Fa Song, Nuo Xu, Haochen Zhu, Hongxu Xing, Shujun Zhang, Jiyu Sun","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00385-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00385-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the method of structural finite element topology optimization and analysis of the hindwings of <i>Trypoxylus dichotomus</i>, this work identified the main loading force transmission path and designed the initial structure of a bionic flexible wing. A structural design scheme of the vibration damping unit was proposed, and the structural mechanics and modal vibration characteristics were simulated and analyzed. 3D printing technology was used to manufacture the designed bionic wing skeleton, which was combined with two kinds of wing membrane materials. The Flapping Wing Micro-aerial Vehicle (FWMAV) transmission mechanism vibration characteristics were observed and analyzed by a high-speed digital camera. A triaxial force transducer was used to record the force vibration of the flexible bionic wing flapping in a wind tunnel. A wavelet processing method was used to process and analyze the force signal. The results showed that the force amplitude was more stable, the waveform roughness was the lowest, and the peak shaving phenomenon at the z-axis was the least obvious for the bionic flexible wing model that combined the topology-optimized bionic wing skeleton with a polyamide elastic membrane. This was determined to be the most suitable design scheme for the wings of FWMAVs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2179 - 2193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4165683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Efficient Multilevel Threshold Image Segmentation Method for COVID-19 Imaging Using Q-Learning Based Golden Jackal Optimization","authors":"Zihao Wang, Yuanbin Mo, Mingyue Cui","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00391-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00391-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From the end of 2019 until now, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been rampaging around the world, posing a great threat to people's lives and health, as well as a serious impact on economic development. Considering the severely infectious nature of COVID-19, the diagnosis of COVID-19 has become crucial. Identification through the use of Computed Tomography (CT) images is an efficient and quick means. Therefore, scientific researchers have proposed numerous segmentation methods to improve the diagnosis of CT images. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning-based golden jackal optimization algorithm, which is named QLGJO, to segment CT images in furtherance of the diagnosis of COVID-19. Reinforcement learning is combined for the first time with meta-heuristics in segmentation problem. This strategy can effectively overcome the disadvantage that the original algorithm tends to fall into local optimum. In addition, one hybrid model and three different mutation strategies were applied to the update part of the algorithm in order to enrich the diversity of the population. Two experiments were carried out to test the performance of the proposed algorithm. First, compare QLGJO with other advanced meta-heuristics using the IEEE CEC2022 benchmark functions. Secondly, QLGJO was experimentally evaluated on CT images of COVID-19 using the Otsu method and compared with several well-known meta-heuristics. It is shown that QLGJO is very competitive in benchmark function and image segmentation experiments compared with other advanced meta-heuristics. Furthermore, the source code of the QLGJO is publicly available at https://github.com/Vang-z/QLGJO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2276 - 2316"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00391-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4872856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenbo Xu, Long Yang, Zishi Wang, Lifang Yang, Han Cheng, Shixin Zhu, Zhigang Shang, Zhenlong Wang
{"title":"Stratum Griseum Periventriculare-mediated Fear Emotion Regulates Motor Behavior in Pigeons","authors":"Wenbo Xu, Long Yang, Zishi Wang, Lifang Yang, Han Cheng, Shixin Zhu, Zhigang Shang, Zhenlong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00382-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00382-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A pigeon robot is an ideal experimental animal for research in flying animal robots. The majority of current research publications have entailed electrical stimulation of the motor nuclei to regulate movement forcibly, and although a “virtual fear” behavior model has been proposed, the structure, location, and function of the nuclei that generate fear emotions remain obscure. Previous studies have shown that the Stratum Griseum Periventriculare (SGP) of pigeons is homologous to the mammalian periaqueductal gray (PAG), which plays an essential role in mammalian fear. To reveal the role of fear mediated by the SGP in behavioral regulation, we evaluated the structure and location of the SGP by histologic identification combined with magnetic resonance imaging, and analyzed the behavior of the SGP by electrical stimulation. Finally, the function of the SGP was verified with escape testing and homing experiments in an open field. Our results showed that the SGP is located in the pigeon midbrain and divided into two subregions, the dorsal part of the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGPd) and the ventral part of the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGPv) (the ranges were AP1.5–4.75 mm, ML1.75–6.75 mm, and DV2.2–7.1 mm), and that wired and wireless electrical stimulation freezing was the dominant behavior. In the escape test, SGP electrical stimulation caused the pigeons to flee to a safe place, while in the open-field homing test, electrical stimulation of the SGP induced evasive behavior in pigeons away from their original homing route. These results confirm that the SGP plays a crucial role in fear, and that electrical stimulation of this nucleus induces corresponding fear behaviors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2228 - 2239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00382-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5186790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke Xu, Xiaoming Xu, Qi Yang, Jianing Wu, Zhigang Wu, Jinzhao Yang
{"title":"Mechanistic Analysis and Bio-inspired Applications for a Bidirectional Stiffness of a Water Snail Operculum","authors":"Ke Xu, Xiaoming Xu, Qi Yang, Jianing Wu, Zhigang Wu, Jinzhao Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00384-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00384-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The water snail <i>Pomacea canaliculata</i> retracts the discoidal and multi-layered operculum to protect the soft body from being attacked by predators, and releases it when threats lifted. However, the duration of the operculum retraction is usually less than that of the operculum protraction. In this paper, we elucidate the biological compliant mechanism of the operculum. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy, we find that the operculum has compliant sandwiched layers between hard layers. The layered structure results in a compliant mechanism with a bidirectional stiffness for the locking and unlocking processes of the operculum. A mathematical model is derived to rationalize the bidirectional stiffness mechanism of the operculum. In addition, we carry out the experiments on the locking and unlocking processes. The experimental results show that the locking tension is about two-fifths of the unlocking tension of the operculum. Moreover, based on the mechanical properties of the operculum with the layered structure, we designed an operculum-inspired structure, which may have a variety of potential applications in combined driving patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"1930 - 1941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00384-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5195188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomimetic Preparation of Alumina Hierarchical Papillary Microrough Structure for Hydrophobic Improvement and Its Abrasion Resistance Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Meng Liu, Junxin Lu, Zhihui Cao, Kang Yang, Tingting Mi, Jianlin Li, Jianbao Li, Hui Yu","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00383-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00383-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The surface of lotus leaves has a hierarchical micro–nano-rough structure. We determined that the papillary structure also possesses hierarchical features on the microscale. We used alumina particles as rough structure building units to construct a Hierarchical Papillary microrough Structure (HPS) on a ceramic surface. The effects of the spatial distribution of HPS on the abrasion resistance and mechanical stability of hydrophobic coatings were investigated. Furthermore, for each HPS, the falling sand abrasion process was analyzed using finite element fluid mechanics analysis. A denser or more two-dimensional HPS implied that more area was impacted by the falling sand and that the abrasion amount and rate were higher. This is contrary to the common belief that when there are more wear-resistant substances on the surface, the abrasion resistance is better; thus, abrasion resistance does not necessarily depend entirely on the concentration of wear-resistant substances on the surface, but it is also influenced by the abrasion mode and the spatial distribution structure of the wear-resistant substances. The 3D stacked HPS (3D-HPS) with excellent abrasion resistance and rich pore structure considerably enhanced the mechanical stability of the hydrophobic coatings. These findings provide novel insights and a theoretical basis for designing spatial structures on high abrasion-resistant superhydrophobic ceramic surfaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"1985 - 1995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00383-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5195189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad H. Nadimi-Shahraki, Ebrahim Moeini, Shokooh Taghian, Seyedali Mirjalili
{"title":"Discrete Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer for Community Detection","authors":"Mohammad H. Nadimi-Shahraki, Ebrahim Moeini, Shokooh Taghian, Seyedali Mirjalili","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00387-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00387-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detecting communities in real and complex networks is a highly contested topic in network analysis. Although many metaheuristic-based algorithms for community detection have been proposed, they still cannot effectively fulfill large-scale and real-world networks. Thus, this paper presents a new discrete version of the Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (I-GWO) algorithm named DI-GWOCD for effectively detecting communities of different networks. In the proposed DI-GWOCD algorithm, I-GWO is first armed using a local search strategy to discover and improve nodes placed in improper communities and increase its ability to search for a better solution. Then a novel Binary Distance Vector (BDV) is introduced to calculate the wolves’ distances and adapt I-GWO for solving the discrete community detection problem. The performance of the proposed DI-GWOCD was evaluated in terms of modularity, NMI, and the number of detected communities conducted by some well-known real-world network datasets. The experimental results were compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms and statistically analyzed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests. The comparison and the statistical analysis show that the proposed DI-GWOCD can detect the communities with higher quality than other comparative algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2331 - 2358"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00387-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4732971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Global Best-guided Firefly Algorithm for Engineering Problems","authors":"Mohsen Zare, Mojtaba Ghasemi, Amir Zahedi, Keyvan Golalipour, Soleiman Kadkhoda Mohammadi, Seyedali Mirjalili, Laith Abualigah","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00386-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00386-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Firefly Algorithm (FA) is a highly efficient population-based optimization technique developed by mimicking the flashing behavior of fireflies when mating. This article proposes a method based on Differential Evolution (DE)/current-to-best/1 for enhancing the FA's movement process. The proposed modification increases the global search ability and the convergence rates while maintaining a balance between exploration and exploitation by deploying the global best solution. However, employing the best solution can lead to premature algorithm convergence, but this study handles this issue using a loop adjacent to the algorithm's main loop. Additionally, the suggested algorithm’s sensitivity to the alpha parameter is reduced compared to the original FA. The GbFA surpasses both the original and five-version of enhanced FAs in finding the optimal solution to 30 CEC2014 real parameter benchmark problems with all selected alpha values. Additionally, the CEC 2017 benchmark functions and the eight engineering optimization challenges are also utilized to evaluate GbFA’s efficacy and robustness on real-world problems against several enhanced algorithms. In all cases, GbFA provides the optimal result compared to other methods. Note that the source code of the GbFA algorithm is publicly available at https://www.optim-app.com/projects/gbfa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2359 - 2388"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42235-023-00386-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4698601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aveen Othman Abdalrahman, Daniel Pilevarzadeh, Shafi Ghafouri, Ali Ghaffari
{"title":"The Application of Hybrid Krill Herd Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm for Scientific Workflow Scheduling in Fog Computing","authors":"Aveen Othman Abdalrahman, Daniel Pilevarzadeh, Shafi Ghafouri, Ali Ghaffari","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00389-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00389-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fog Computing (FC) provides processing and storage resources at the edge of the Internet of Things (IoT). By doing so, FC can help reduce latency and improve reliability of IoT networks. The energy consumption of servers and computing resources is one of the factors that directly affect conservation costs in fog environments. Energy consumption can be reduced by efficacious scheduling methods so that tasks are offloaded on the best possible resources. To deal with this problem, a binary model based on the combination of the Krill Herd Algorithm (KHA) and the Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm (AHA) is introduced as Binary KHA- AHA (BAHA-KHA). KHA is used to improve AHA. Also, the BAHA-KHA local optimal problem for task scheduling in FC environments is solved using the dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) method. The Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (HEFT) method is used to discover the order of task flow execution. The goal of the BAHA-KHA model is to minimize the number of resources, the communication between dependent tasks, and reduce energy consumption. In this paper, the FC environment is considered to address the workflow scheduling issue to reduce energy consumption and minimize makespan on fog resources. The results were tested on five different workflows (Montage, CyberShake, LIGO, SIPHT, and Epigenomics). The evaluations show that the BAHA-KHA model has the best performance in comparison with the AHA, KHA, PSO and GA algorithms. The BAHA-KHA model has reduced the makespan rate by about 18% and the energy consumption by about 24% in comparison with GA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2443 - 2464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4508913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ce Liang, Min Li, Jicai Liang, Shaoqiang Wang, Qigang Han, Yi Li
{"title":"Optimal Design and Mechanical Simulation of Rubber bushing with Convex Hull Structure Based on Bionics","authors":"Ce Liang, Min Li, Jicai Liang, Shaoqiang Wang, Qigang Han, Yi Li","doi":"10.1007/s42235-023-00388-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42235-023-00388-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes, a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration. The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad, and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material. In addition, the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures. Finally, under the same conditions, the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results. Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions, which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":614,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bionic Engineering","volume":"20 5","pages":"2018 - 2029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4504200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}