International Journal of Thermophysics最新文献

{"title":"Experimental Measurements and Modeling of Different Physical Properties of CC:PA DES and Water in Range of (298.15 to 353.15) K and Atmospheric Pressure","authors":"Aafia Sheikh,&nbsp;Ariel Hernández","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03677-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03677-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been the subject of interest in literature with a focus on replacing traditional solvents due to their green solvent’s characteristics. This study presents the experimental data on preparation and physicochemical properties of choline chloride and propionic acid deep eutectic solvent (CC:PA DES) and their aqueous binary mixtures in (298.15 to 353.15) K temperature range. The experimental density (<span>(rho)</span>) data are fitted well by second degree polynomial equation in T. Molar entropy (<span>({S}^{0})</span>) and Lattice energy (<span>({U}_{pot})</span>) are also calculated to explain the behavior of thermodynamic properties. Excess molar volume (<span>({V}^{E})</span>) is showing positive deviation from ideal behavior and the minimum of <span>({V}^{E})</span> <i>vs.</i> <span>({x}_{1})</span> lies at <span>({x}_{1}=0.5)</span> (<span>({x}_{1})</span> = mole fraction of CC:PA DES in binary mixture). Plot of <span>({overline{V} }_{i}^{E})</span> <i>vs.</i> <span>({x}_{1})</span> also cross each other at <span>({x}_{1}=0.5)</span>. which supports the dominance of specific interactions. Viscosity deviation (<span>(Delta eta)</span>) is observed at <span>({x}_{1}=0.8)</span>, supporting the interstitial accommodation of components molecules into each other. Comparison of Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) equation and Arrhenius equation to investigate the temperature dependence of viscosity (<span>(eta)</span>) for <span>({x}_{1}=0-1.0)</span> shows that VFT is better fitted model in studied temperature range <i>T</i> = (298.15 to 353.15) K. We demonstrated that the PC-SAFT equation of state can reliably predict the density of the pseudobinary CC:PA DES + water system. In addition, PC-SAFT was capable of correctly capture the qualitative behavior of the excess molar volume.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145612802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrogen Storage Tank Filling Performance Based on Subjective–Objective Information Fusion","authors":"Boquan Qin,&nbsp;Jianqin Fu,&nbsp;Chao Li","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03687-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03687-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a direct way to obtain energy for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the hydrogen filling has been of great concern for its filling rate, quality and safety. However, there is a lack of indicators to scientifically evaluate the comprehensive performance of different filling strategies. To solve the above problem, a numerical model of hydrogen storage tank (HST) filling with fluid–solid coupling on the inner wall surface is established, and a comprehensive evaluation indicator is determined by using the analytic hierarchy process and entropy method in this study. The results show that the surface temperature of the outer wall of the HST and the maximum temperature difference between the hydrogen zone and the inner wall surface are the key indicators for evaluating the safety of the filling process. Moreover, the comprehensive evaluation indicator has five sub-indicators, with filling time having the greatest influence (59.06%) and state of charge having the least (0.66%). More importantly, the identified comprehensive evaluation indicator can be carefully and accurately evaluated according to user preferences while ensuring a certain degree of objective evaluation. These findings provide new ideas and important references for the evaluation study of the HST filling process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145612803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermophysics Convection Analysis in MHD Blood Flow Model with Radioactive Nanomaterial: A Novel Deep Recurrent Neuro-Architecture with Bayesian Distributed Optimization","authors":"Maryam Pervaiz Khan,&nbsp;Roshana Mukhtar,&nbsp;Chuan-Yu Chang,&nbsp;Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja,&nbsp;Naveed Ishtiaq Chaudhary,&nbsp;Muhammad Shoaib,&nbsp;Chi-Min Shu","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03685-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03685-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The radioactive materials assistance has driven many contributions in diverse fields, including industrial, nuclear power plants, and medical treatments, while in fluid mechanics, these particles play a significant role in enhancing the velocity and temperature profiles. The objective of the study under consideration is to generate approximate solutions for the mathematical models representing radioactive materials contaminated in MHD blood flow involving slip and nonlinear convection using deep layered recurrent neural networks supported by Bayesian distributed optimization (LRNN-BDO). The development of the existing model is constructed by transforming PDEs into a system of nonlinear ODEs through suitable variations. Analysis is performed with multi-class parameters in the system model via magnetic interaction, Prandtl number, Eckert number, the linear/non-linear mixed convection, radiation, temperature, and non-dimensional nanofluid. The generated synthetic data is numerically formulated by exploiting an implicit backward differentiation scheme in the presence of uranium dioxide (UO₂) and thorium dioxide (ThO₂), with base fluid as blood. The proposed solutions of the LRNN-BDO consistently align with the reference solutions that the errors are approximately equals to zero, exhibiting robust, efficient, and reliable networks performance evaluated through various assessment metrics corresponds to iterative convergence on mean squared error, adaptive controlling measures of optimization, error frequency distribution on histograms and regression statistics for exhaustive validation for radioactive materials contaminated MHD blood flow model involving slip and nonlinear convection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145612804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Performance of a Pyramid Solar Distiller Through Magnetic Field Application: An Experimental Study","authors":"Karrar A. Hammoodi,&nbsp;Wissam H. Alawee,&nbsp;Hayder A. Dhahad","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03683-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03683-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A solar still is a simple and sustainable device that converts saline or brackish water into potable water using solar energy. However, its practical use is limited due to low distillate yield. This study aims to enhance the performance of pyramid-type solar stills (PSS) by integrating magnetic fields to improve evaporation dynamics and thermal efficiency. The central hypothesis is that applying magnetic fields can alter the physical properties of saline water—reducing surface tension and specific heat capacity—to accelerate the evaporation process. Two configurations were investigated: the Conventional Pyramid Solar Still (CPSS) and the Magnetically Modified Pyramid Solar Still (MPSS). Outdoor experiments were performed under Baghdad’s climatic conditions (33.3°N, 44.6°E) from April to June 2025, supported by theoretical modeling using the enthalpy–porosity method to simulate coupled heat and mass transfer. The results revealed that magnetic field application markedly improved system performance, with freshwater productivity increasing by up to 68.2 % and thermal efficiency reaching 49.24 % at a magnetic intensity of 2430 mT. Positioning the magnetic plates inside the basin enhanced yield by 13.76 %, while a parallel plate arrangement generated the most uniform magnetic flux and highest evaporation rate. Economic evaluation indicated that the MPSS achieved a faster cost recovery (272 vs. 492 days) and a higher lifetime profit ($6057.76 vs. $1783.81) compared to the CPSS. The findings confirm that magnetic field integration offers a viable route to improve the thermal and economic performance of solar distillers, providing a promising low-cost and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production in arid regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145561738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Radiative Properties of Tungsten-Doped Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films Fabricated in an Extremely Low-Oxygen Furnace Environment","authors":"Vishwa Krishna Rajan,&nbsp;Ken Araki,&nbsp;Robert Y. Wang,&nbsp;Liping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03679-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03679-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work reports the fabrication and characterization of high-quality tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide (W_<i>x</i>V_1-<i>x</i>O₂, <i>x</i> = 0 ~ 3 at. %) by thermal oxidation of sputtered tungsten-vanadium alloyed thin films with different atomic percentages and high-temperature annealing in an extremely low oxygen atmosphere (5 ppm to 20 ppm) along with reduction of surface over-oxides in high vacuum (1 mPa). Oxidation parameters such as temperature, time and nitrogen purging rate are first optimized for obtaining high-quality undoped VO₂ thin film. Insulator-to-metal (IMT) phase transition behavior of VO₂ thin films fabricated in a low-O₂ environment is characterized with temperature-dependent spectral infrared transmittance and electrical resistivity measurements, where there is 15 % higher infrared transmittance change and additional 1 order change in resistivity in comparison with VO₂ thin films fabricated in a O₂-rich environment. Grazing angle X-ray diffraction scan confirms no presence of higher oxides in the VO₂ oxidized in low-O₂ environment, which improves its quality significantly. Comprehensive studies on thermal annealing and vacuum reduction for tungsten-doped VO₂ thin films are also carried out to find the optimal fabrication conditions. With the tungsten at. % measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the optimal WVO₂ thin films fabricated through this streamlined oxidation, annealing and reduction processes in extremely low-O₂ furnace environment exhibit lowered IMT temperature at − 23 °C per at.% of tungsten dopants from 68 °C without doping. This low-cost and scalable fabrication method could facilitate the wide development of tunable WVO₂ coatings in thermal and energy applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Approach to Determining the Specific Heat of Liquid Metals at High Temperatures by Aerodynamic Levitation","authors":"Maelenn Le Mener,&nbsp;Coline Bourges,&nbsp;Elodie Courtois,&nbsp;Thomas Pierre,&nbsp;Mickael Courtois","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03681-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03681-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Specific heat of liquid iron, nickel, and zirconium has been measured by a new kind of aerodynamic levitation facility. The heating is ensured by a laser and a three-color pyrometer has been developed to measure dynamically both temperature and absorptivity of the sample at laser wavelength. A heat balance on a temperature plateau allows to determine the heat losses, and the cooling is then used to determine the specific heat. This new method provides results for a large temperature range above the melting point and without the assumption of constant emissivity. Results are compared with data obtained by others contactless methods available in literature, and present good agreement. This original method offers the specific heat of iron between 2000 K and 2337 K. The specific heat of nickel is determined between 1838 K and 2162 K. The specific heat of liquid zirconium is measured between 2283 K and 2754 K. Proposed values complete or extend a very limited literature for these materials at the liquid state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Density and Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Alcohol/Water-Based Ternary Nanofluids Containing GO–Al2O3–SiO2 Nanoparticles","authors":"Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Yongliang Han,&nbsp;Jiayao Ren,&nbsp;Fangli Wu,&nbsp;Rixin Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxin Yang,&nbsp;Shengshan Bi","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03678-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03678-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dispersion stability and thermophysical properties of ternary composite nanofluids (NF) containing graphene oxide (GO), aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), and silica (SiO₂) at different concentrations and ratios, with water-based ethylene glycol and 1,2-butanediol added as antifreeze agents, were investigated. First, the ternary nanofluid was prepared using a two-step method, and the prepared nanoparticles were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of surfactant addition on the stability of the nanofluid was analyzed. The density and thermal conductivity (TC) of NF were measured at different volume concentrations (0.2–0.6 vol%) and temperature ranges (298.15–333.15 K and 293.15–363.15 K, respectively). As the GO concentration increased, the proportion of thermal conductivity improvement showed a stepwise increase with concentration changes. When the GO concentration reached 80 % in the three types of nanoparticles, the thermal conductivity of NF at 363.15 K was 58 % higher than that of the base fluid. For the two different base fluids, under the same ratio, concentration, and temperature conditions, the base fluid containing 1,2-butanediol showed a more significant effect in enhancing thermal conductivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145510507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Stage Machine Learning for Urban PV Generation Forecasting: Model Development and SHAP-Based Interpretation of Key Climatic Drivers","authors":"Handon Kim,&nbsp;Hyounseung Jang,&nbsp;Jimin Kim","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03676-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03676-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban photovoltaic (PV) generation forecasting is crucial for energy efficiency and grid stability. This study proposes a two-stage machine learning (ML) framework that extends the concept of a hurdle model by utilizing climatic and temporal variables and quantitatively analyzes variable contributions through SHAP-based interpretation. The proposed framework integrates a probabilistic classifier that identifies PV generation status in the first stage with a nonlinear conditional regression model in the second stage, thereby forming an adaptive boundary between generation and non-generation intervals. A total of 320 model combinations were evaluated in four urban buildings and under five seasonal conditions. The results showed that the two-stage conditional regression model exhibited superior generalization performance compared to a single-stage regression model. Specifically, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP)-based conditional regression model recorded a test R² value of 0.7 or above (R² ≥ 0.7) under most conditions. Also, in SHAP analysis, direct solar irradiance (DSI), diffuse solar irradiance (DiffSI), hour of the day (Hour), visibility (Vis), and relative humidity (RH) were derived as common key drivers of fluctuations in PV generation, and the cumulative contribution of these five drivers was more than 80%. Furthermore, the interpretive consistency and transferability of SHAP results were quantitatively verified using Kendall’s τ and Top-k overlap indicators across buildings and seasons, demonstrating the robustness and reproducibility of the proposed framework. These results demonstrate that solar irradiance (i.e., DSI and DIffSI) and temporal patterns (i.e., Hour) are key drivers of urban PV generation fluctuations, offering practical application values in terms of real-time operation optimization, policy design, and scalability to diverse regions and buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145510509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermophysical and Acoustic Investigation of Molecular Interactions in Choline Salicylate Solutions Containing Sodium Sulphate and Sodium Bicarbonate","authors":"Mashahid Hussain Choudhary,&nbsp;Nabaparna Chakraborty,&nbsp;Kailash Chandra Juglan","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03673-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03673-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work explores how molecules interact in binary and ternary aqueous mixes of choline salicylate with sodium sulphate (<i>Na</i>_<i>2</i><i>SO</i>_<i>4</i>) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) using a combined thermodynamic, volumetric, and acoustic approach. Density and sound speed were measured at 288.15–318.15 K and choline salicylate concentrations of 0.0590, 0.0688, and 0.0885 mol∙kg⁻¹. Based on these measurements, values such as apparent and partial molar volumes, isentropic compressibility, apparent specific volume, thermal expansion, partial molar expansibilities, and transfer volumes were determined. The analysis includes derivative thermodynamic properties and evaluates relative association and relaxation strength to assess molecular aggregation and structural dynamics. The co-sphere overlaps model and McMillan–Mayer theory reveals how choline salicylate and inorganic salts modulate interactions between solute and solvent molecules, influencing the structure-making or disrupting behaviour of the system. These findings provide new insights into solvation dynamics and molecular association in aqueous media, with implications for the design of advanced solvent systems and a deeper understanding of solution chemistry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145510508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoanalytical and Physical Characterization of Animal Fat and Commercial Organic Phase Change Materials","authors":"Mišo Jurčević,&nbsp;Jelena Bošnjak Hordov,&nbsp;Sandro Nižetić,&nbsp;Ivan Čorić,&nbsp;Miće Jakić,&nbsp;Fabio Faraguna,&nbsp;Marija Ćosić,&nbsp;Duje Čoko,&nbsp;Müslüm Arıcı","doi":"10.1007/s10765-025-03671-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-025-03671-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The adoption of phase change materials (PCMs) is hindered by the complex characterization of their thermophysical properties, as most studies still address only a narrow range of properties. In this work, temperature-dependent measurements deliver accurate data and enable functional modeling essential for advancing practical applications. Thermophysical characterization of three organic PCMs was conducted, including two commercial paraffins (RT28HC and RT26) and industrially processed pork fat. The comprehensive experimental analysis (temperature-dependent characterization) was provided using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the transient hot wire (THW) method, density measurements, and rheological analysis. It was determined that paraffins RT26 and RT28HC have high values of latent heat, amounting to 198.1 kJ kg⁻¹ and 215.8 kJ kg⁻¹ for the endothermic process, respectively. Paraffin RT26 was observed to have two melting peaks, at 19.6 °C and 28.8 °C, while RT28HC showed one at 29.6 °C. The results also revealed that both paraffins in liquid state have almost identical values of thermal conductivity and diffusivity, while in solid state these values differ. Results obtained with DSC and THW deviate significantly from the manufacturer’s datasheet with discrepancies ranging from 10% to 44%. Pork fat showed lower values of latent heat, but slightly higher thermal conductivity and diffusivity. The melting peak of pork fat was measured at 34.8 °C. All three materials were found to behave like Newtonian fluids, with pork fat having the highest viscosity of 73.2 mPas at 20 °C. Specific heat capacity was also calculated for all samples, with the highest value of 2.559 kJ kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ determined for RT28HC at 60 °C. It was also discovered that the THW apparatus is able to detect the onset of liquid-to-solid transition in paraffins and pork fat. The key research outcomes of this work are useful for numerical modeling since reliable dataset of thermophysical properties is provided herein, and which is ultimately needed for accurate numerical modeling of PCM-based thermal energy storage (TES) systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145442842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}