{"title":"Bubble Point Measurements of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-Hexafluorobutene [R-1336mzz(Z)] + trans-1,2-Dichloroethene [R-1130(E)] mixtures","authors":"Aaron J. Rowane, Stephanie L. Outcalt","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03388-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03388-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Saturation pressures of pure R-1336mzz(Z) and R-1130(E) and bubble point pressures of three R-1336mzz(Z)/1130(E) blends were measured from 265 K to 360 K. For each pure refrigerant or refrigerant blend, a total of twenty unique saturation pressures or bubble points were measured. In total 100 unique state points were obtained. Presently, no Helmholtz-energy-explicit type equation of state (EoS) is available for R-1130(E). While an extended corresponding states EoS for R-1130(E) is available to estimate the properties of the R-1336mzz(Z)/1130(E) blend, this model does not resolve the azeotropic behavior of the mixture. Therefore, the perturbed-chain statistical-associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) EoS is used to model the vapor–liquid equilibria of the R-1336mzz(Z)/1130(E) blend. PC-SAFT model parameters are reported, and the overall performance of the model is characterized by deviations from the experimental data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-024-03388-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141351748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Densities and Molar Volumes for Binary Solutions of Tri-iso-Amyl Phosphate and n-Dodecane in the Temperature Range of 283.15–363.15 K","authors":"Shekhar Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03384-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03384-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tri-<i>n</i>-butyl phosphate (TBP) has remained workhorse of PUREX based nuclear recycle operations since 1956. However due to its associated disadvantages like third phase formation and tendency to react violently with nitric acid at elevated temperatures generated requirement of an alternate extractant for PUREX process. Tri-<i>iso</i>-amyl phosphate (TiAP) has better attributes than TBP on both the counts. Density of solutions is an important process parameter for design of equipment, process operations and control and safety analysis. In this work, experimental data on the density of binary solution of tri-<i>iso</i> amyl phosphate and <i>n</i>-dodecane are reported for several temperature levels. The related volumetric parameters were also estimated from experimental data as well as Kirkwood–Buff integrals. Derivative parameters like linear coefficients of preferential solvation <span>(delta_{ij(i ne j)}^{o})</span> and local mole fractions <span>(x_{ij(i ne j)})</span> at 298.15 K were also estimated and reported.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-024-03384-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rayleigh–Benard Convection of Carbopol Yield Stress Fe3O4 Nanofluids Under Magnetic Field: An Experimental Investigation and ANN Modelling","authors":"M. A. Hassan, Rishikesh Kumar, N. H. Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03390-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03390-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a comprehensive experimental investigation aimed at elucidating the influence of magnetic fields, nanoparticle concentration, and the presence of polymer on Rayleigh–Benard convection in yield stress nanofluids. The test fluid comprises Ultrez 30 polymeric powder and Iron oxide nanoparticles. Herschel–Bulkley's model is applied to capture the rheological behaviour. The concentration of both Ultrez 30 polymeric gel and Iron oxide nanoparticles varies from 0.05 % to 0.10 %. The in-house developed experimental set-up is exposed to the magnetic field in the 0 mT to 100 mT range. Without a magnetic field, heat transfer increases with the elevation of nanoparticle fraction in the fluid. However, in the presence of a magnetic field, the convection effect weakens as the nanoparticle concentration rises. Furthermore, an optimised artificial neural network (ANN) model featuring a single hidden layer with nine hidden neurons is presented to predict the Nusselt number.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. G. Batyrova, N. V. Ibavov, S. M. Rasulov, I. M. Abdulagatov
{"title":"Two-Phase Isochoric Heat Capacity, Phase Transition, and Theoretically Important Physical Parameters of Methyl Dodecanoate","authors":"R. G. Batyrova, N. V. Ibavov, S. M. Rasulov, I. M. Abdulagatov","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03386-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03386-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The two-phase isochoric heat capacity (<span>(C_{{text{V2}}})</span> <i>VT</i>), liquid–gas phase transition (<span>(T_{text{S}})</span>,<span>(rho_{{text{s}}}^{prime })</span>), vapor-pressure (<span>(P_{{text{S}}})</span>,<span>(T_{text{S}})</span>), and thermal -pressure coefficient <span>(left( {dP_{text{S}} /dT} right))</span> of methyl dodecanoate, a key biofuels component, have been measured along nine liquid isochores between (180.90 and 845.31) kg·m<sup>−3</sup> and three near-critical liquid and vapor (180.90, 234.52, and 374.11) kg·m<sup>−3</sup> isochores. The temperature range covers the liquid–vapor phase transition temperature <span>(T_{text{S}} left( rho right))</span> for each measured isochore to near the thermal decomposition temperature, 450 K. The measurements were performed using a high-temperature and high-pressure, nearly constant-volume adiabatic calorimeter previously used for the measurements of the <span>(C_{text{V}})</span> <i>VT</i> relationship of biofuel components in the two- and single-phase region. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density (<i>ρ</i>), temperature (<i>T</i>), and isochoric heat capacity (<span>(C_{{text{V2}}})</span>) measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of <i>k</i> = 2 is estimated to be 0.15%, 15 mK, and 2%, respectively. The isochoric heat capacity discontinuity point was used as the criteria of the liquid–gas phase transition temperature, <span>(T_{{text{S}}})</span>. For each experimental liquid isochore, most measurements were concentrated in the immediate vicinity of the liquid–gas phase transition temperature (<span>(T_{{text{S}}})</span>) to precisely determine the phase boundary properties (<span>(rho_{{text{S}}})</span>, <span>(T_{{text{S}}})</span>, <span>(C_{text{V1}})</span>, and <span>(C_{text{V2}})</span>) using an isochoric heat -capacity abrupt-behavior technique. For nine liquid isochores between (745.16 and 845.31) kg·m<sup>−3</sup> the phase transition temperatures (<span>(T_{{text{S}}})</span>) were experimentally determined. For two vapor (180.90 and 234.52) kg·m<sup>−3</sup> and liquid near-critical (374.11) kg·m<sup>−3</sup> isochores, for which the transition temperatures are very high (above the thermal decomposition temperature, 473 K), we failed to reach the phase-transition temperatures, <span>(T_{{text{S}}})</span>, because for these isochores the thermal decomposition of methyl dodecanoate occurs before reaching the phase transition temperature (above 673 K). The measured two-phase (<span>(C_{text{V2}})</span>) isochoric heat capacities as a function of specific volume (<i>V</i>) along the various isotherms (below 473 K) were used to accurately estimate the values of the second temperature derivatives of chemical potential, <span>(frac{{{text{d}}^{{2}} mu }}{{{text{d}}T^{2} }})</span>, and vapour-pressure,<span>(frac{{{text{d}}^{2} P_{{text{S}}} }}{{{text{d}}T^{2} }})</span>, based on the Yang–Yang theoretical relation. The","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141361649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco E. Berger Bioucas, Michael H. Rausch, Thomas M. Koller, Andreas P. Fröba
{"title":"Thermal Conductivity of Liquid Cyclohexane, n-Decane, n-Hexadecane, and Squalane at Atmospheric Pressure up to 353 K Determined with a Steady-State Parallel-Plate Instrument","authors":"Francisco E. Berger Bioucas, Michael H. Rausch, Thomas M. Koller, Andreas P. Fröba","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03383-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03383-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work reports experimental data on the thermal conductivity of the four hydrocarbons cyclohexane, <i>n</i>-decane, <i>n</i>-hexadecane, and squalane in the liquid state at ambient pressure up to temperatures of 353.15 K. Absolute measurements were performed with a steady-state guarded parallel-plate instrument (GPPI) with an average expanded (coverage factor <i>k</i> = 2) measurement uncertainty of 2 %. For the linear alkanes <i>n</i>-decane and <i>n</i>-hexadecane as well as the cyclic compound cyclohexane, the measured thermal conductivities agree with reference correlations in the literature, indicating the reliability of the technique used for the study of fluids with relatively low thermal conductivities and weak absorption of radiation. For the first time, experimental data are determined for the long-branched alkane squalane between (278 and 353) K, which cannot be accurately represented with estimation methods commonly used in the literature. In summary, the present measurement results confirm the existing database for representative linear and cyclic hydrocarbons and provide first experimental thermal conductivities for squalane.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-024-03383-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141257784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethylcyclohexane + 2-Alkanol Mixtures: Thermodynamic Properties and Viscosity Modeling Using Friction Theory","authors":"Mohammad Almasi","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03379-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03379-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A thorough evaluation of the thermophysical properties of ethylcyclohexane (ECH) mixed with 2-alkanols (2-propanol to 2-hexanol) is presented across the temperature range of 293.15 to 323.15 K. The focus of this study is on the density and viscosity behavior of these systems. The experimental results demonstrate positive deviations from ideality in excess molar volume, while viscosity deviations are negative for all examined mixtures. This observation suggests the presence of weak intermolecular interactions between ECH and the 2-alkanol. These findings are consistent with the self-association behavior of 2-alkanol and the nonpolar nature of ECH, which disrupts the associated structures of the alcohols. Furthermore, the Friction theory (<i>f-theory</i>) was employed to model the viscosity of the binary mixtures. The <i>f-theory</i> exhibits excellent agreement with the experimental data, with a maximum deviation of only 2.24% observed in the ECH + 2-butanol system. This minimal discrepancy underscores the f-theory's efficacy in accurately correlating the viscosity measurements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical (n(p, T_{90})) Measurement Suite 2: H(_2)O and D(_2)O","authors":"Patrick F. Egan, Yuanchao Yang","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03380-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03380-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A suite of measurements of refractive index <span>(n(p, T_{90}))</span> is reported for gas phase ordinary water H<span>(_2)</span>O and heavy water D<span>(_2)</span>O. The methodology is optical refractive index gas metrology, operating at laser wavelength <span>(633 text {nm})</span> and covering the range <span>((293< T_{90} < 433) text {K})</span> and <span>(p < 2 text {kPa})</span>. A key output of the work is the determination of molar polarizabilities <span>(A_{text {R}} = 3.7466(18) cdot [1 + 1.5(6) times 10^{-6} (T/text {K} - 303) ] text{cm}^3 cdot text{mol}^{-1})</span> for ordinary water, and <span>(A_{text {R}} = 3.7135(18) cdot [1 + 4.4(10) times 10^{-6} (T/text {K} - 303) ] text{cm}^3 cdot text{mol}^{-1})</span> for heavy water, with the numbers in parentheses expressing standard uncertainty. For heavy water, this work appears to be only the second gas phase measurement to date. For both ordinary and heavy water, this work agrees within <span>(0.15 %)</span> with recent <i>ab initio</i> theoretical results for <span>(A_{text {R}})</span>, but the comparison is affected by imperfect knowledge of dispersion. For ordinary water, the close agreement between the present work and theory suggests problems at the <span>(2 %)</span> level in the low density limit of the reference formulation for refractivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10765-024-03380-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Liquid Density Measurement in High-Pressure Region Using Quartz Crystal Resonators","authors":"Hiroshi Yamawaki","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03387-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03387-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous attempts have been made to measure the viscosity of liquids under high pressure by analyzing the response of a quartz crystal resonator. However, because the response of the resonator yields the product of density and viscosity, separating each value is necessary. A procedure was devised to measure the density changes of a liquid under high pressure by considering the fact that the response of a TiO<sub>2</sub>-coated quartz crystal resonator is correlated with density. The resonance frequency shift of the TiO<sub>2</sub>-coated quartz crystal resonator is the sum of terms that depend on <span>(rho )</span> and <span>(sqrt{eta rho })</span>. Each effect can be separated using plane equation fitting. By applying ethyl laurate, densities up to 300 MPa were obtained at 313 K and 333 K. These values agreed with previously reported values within ± 1 %, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of this method. Since the pressure dependence of <span>(sqrt{eta rho })</span> is also obtained in the process of obtaining density data, the pressure dependence of the viscosity <span>(eta )</span> can be estimated. The viscosities of ethyl laurate at 313 K and 333 K were calculated. Although the viscosity values differed significantly from the reported values and the measurements are still inaccurate, the possibility of using this method as a density measurement method under high pressure was demonstrated. Therefore, this study introduces a method with the potential to conveniently measure high-pressure physical properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mat Santamouris, Hassan Saeed Khan, Riccardo Paolini, Olivia Marie Lucie Julia, Samira Garshasbi, Ioannis Papakonstantinou, Jan Valenta
{"title":"Recent Advances in Fluorescence-Based Colored Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling for Heat Mitigation","authors":"Mat Santamouris, Hassan Saeed Khan, Riccardo Paolini, Olivia Marie Lucie Julia, Samira Garshasbi, Ioannis Papakonstantinou, Jan Valenta","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03382-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03382-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Passive daytime radiative coolers (PDRCs) with exceptionally high solar reflectance and emissivity in the atmospheric window can provide sub-ambient cooling while reducing buildings’ cooling energy demand. However, glare and esthetic issues limit their application to high-rise buildings while may increase the building’s heating energy needs. Passive colored radiative coolers (PCRCs), based on fluorescent materials, convert part of the absorbed UV and visible solar radiation into emitted light, providing color and reducing the thermal balance of the materials and the potential visual annoyance. This article investigates the state of the art on the PCRC based on fluorescent technologies. Seven articles presenting different combinations of PDRC technologies with fluorescent components to create PCRCs of various colors are presented and analyzed in detail. Quantum dots and phosphors embedded in polymer matrices and combined with reflecting and emitting layers were used as the fluorescent layer of the seven developed green, red, yellow, and yellow–green films. The proposed PCRCs are characterized by very significant differences in cooling performance, although most presented sub-ambient surface temperatures. Their cooling potential is comparatively investigated in terms of the testing climatic conditions and their optical characteristics. The potential increase of their surface temperature, caused by the addition of the fluorescent component, is analyzed through comparisons between the proposed PCRCs and the corresponding white PDRCs without the fluorescent component. The average temperature difference of the green, red, yellow, and yellow–green films against the reference PDRCs is found to be 0.66 °C, 2.6 °C, 1.7 °C and 1.4 °C, respectively. A relevant decreasing trend, but not statistically significant, is observed between the temperature increase caused by the fluorescent additives and the corresponding photoluminescence quantum yield.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental and Predicted Densities and Refractive Indices of the Ternary Mixtures (Glycerol + Water + Methanol), (Glycerol + Water + Ethanol) and (Glycerol + Water + 2-Propanol) at Different Temperatures and Ambient Pressure","authors":"Fouzia Amireche, Yasmine Chabouni, Ariel Hernández","doi":"10.1007/s10765-024-03381-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10765-024-03381-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Densities and refractive indices of the three following ternary mixtures (glycerol + water + methanol), (glycerol + water + ethanol) or (glycerol + water + 2-propanol) and the corresponding binary mixtures were measured over the entire composition range at three temperatures from 298.15 to 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes,<span>({V}_{123}^{E})</span>, and changes of refractive index on mixing,<span>(Delta{n}_{D, 123})</span>, for the ternary systems were calculated and compared with the results obtained with some semi-empirical methods for the estimation of ternary properties from binary results. Furthermore, Perturbed Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory was applied to model the density for the binary and ternary mixtures. On the other hand, four mixing rules (Lorentz–Lorenz, Gladstone–Dale, Laplace, and Eykman) were used to compute predictively the refractive index of the mixtures. The fitting parameters of all equations and their respective standard deviations are reported and the results are discussed in terms of molecular interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":598,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Thermophysics","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}