生物化学进展(英文)最新文献_第9页

Study of Human Serum Albumin-SPIONs Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Protein Delivery 人血清白蛋白- spions负载PLGA纳米颗粒蛋白递送的研究

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.85008

S. Vidawati, S. Barbosa, P. Taboada, Eva M. Villar, A. Topete, V. Mosquera

引用次数: 9

Characterization of Chitotriosidase Enzyme Activity in the Serum of the American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) 美洲鳄(短吻鳄)血清壳三醇苷酶活性测定

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.85007

K. Kidder, Rodolfo Falconi, Mark Merchant

{"title":"Characterization of Chitotriosidase Enzyme Activity in the Serum of the American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)","authors":"K. Kidder, Rodolfo Falconi, Mark Merchant","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2018.85007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2018.85007","url":null,"abstract":"Chitotriosidase (ChT) is an endoglucosaminidase enzyme that cleaves chitinous substrates and has been strongly associated with innate immune activity and the ability to identify non-selftissues. This enzyme activity was detected and characterized the serum from the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) using a fluorometric probe. Alligator serum exhibited volume-dependent activity, with activity (2.1 ± 0.3 μmol/min) observed at dilutions as low as a 1:150, and maximum activity (5.2 ± 0.6 μmol/min) measured at a dilution of 1:30. Alligator serum ChT showed linear activity for approximately 20 min, at which time activity decreased exponentially, presumably due to the depletion of substrate. In addition, the ChT activity in alligator serum was temperature-dependent with low activity at 5°C, a sharp increase from 10°C - 30°C, and maximal activity from 30°C - 40°C. The activity was inhibited in the presence of water-soluble chitin, but not mannan, indicating the specificity of the enzyme. The presence of ChT in alligator serum is likely to be partially responsible for the potent innate immune system of these crocodylians, and particularly antifungal activities.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Molecular Docking Studies of Alpinia galanga Phytoconstituents for Psychostimulant Activity 高良姜植物成分精神兴奋剂活性的分子对接研究

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-07-20 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.84006

S. Sivanandan, Surekha R. Pimple

引用次数: 4

Influence of Phosphoric Acid Etching on the Bond Strength of a Universal Adhesive System to Caries-Affected Dentin 磷酸蚀刻对一种通用粘接系统与龋病牙本质结合强度的影响

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.4236/abc.2018.83004

R. Pavanello, S. Pinheiro

{"title":"Influence of Phosphoric Acid Etching on the Bond Strength of a Universal Adhesive System to Caries-Affected Dentin","authors":"R. Pavanello, S. Pinheiro","doi":"10.4236/abc.2018.83004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2018.83004","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of acid etching on the bond strength of a universal adhesive system (Single Bond Universal, 3M) to caries-affected dentin. Forty permanent third molars were selected and carious lesions were induced by the microbiological method with S. mutans ATCC25175. Teeth were allocated randomly across four experimental designs (n = 10): PA-I: phosphoric acid etching and application of the adhesive system, followed by immediate microtensile bond strength testing; PA-CC: phosphoric acid etching and application of the adhesive system, followed by microtensile bond strength testing after a 14-day cariogenic challenge; NPA-I: application of the adhesive system without acid etching, followed by immediate bond strength testing and NPA-CC: application of the adhesive system without acid etching followed by bond strength testing after 14-day cariogenic challenge. For microtensile bond strength testing, a restoration with Charisma composite resin was made and each specimen was sectioned with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm2. Only adhesive and mixed fractures were considered for bond strength calculation. Results were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests. The highest bond strengths were observed in the phosphoric acid etching groups (p 0.05). The predominant fracture type was adhesive. We conclude that phosphoric acid increased the bond strength of the Single Bond Universal system to caries-affected dentin, and that cariogenic challenge did not interfere with this bond strength.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48313456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Flow of Information from Nucleus to Golgi Is Contingent upon Nuclear Membrane Synthesis and Protraction of the Ceramide-Containing Membrane to Endoplasmic Reticulum 信息从细胞核向高尔基体的流动取决于核膜的合成和含神经酰胺膜向内质网的延伸

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.83005

A. Slomiany, B. Slomiany

{"title":"The Flow of Information from Nucleus to Golgi Is Contingent upon Nuclear Membrane Synthesis and Protraction of the Ceramide-Containing Membrane to Endoplasmic Reticulum","authors":"A. Slomiany, B. Slomiany","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2018.83005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2018.83005","url":null,"abstract":"The nucleus-initiated augmentation of ER membrane is reflected in a coordinated synthesis and intercalation of the explicit proteins and lipids required for the replacement, repair and function of the cell and its organelles. The direct connection between nucleus and the membranes containing labeled sphingosine (SphN) and ceramide (Cer) was affirmed by determining synthetic activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The SPT and the newly synthesized serine-labeled lipid products were identified in the Outer- and Inner-Nuclear Membrane (ONM, INM) and ER. The pulse-chase experiments disclosed that the incorporation of radiolabeled lipids into both nuclear membranes declined upon their simultaneous increase in Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). These results, and prior findings regarding metabolic transfer of nuclear membrane phosphoinositides to the outer leaflet of ER [Slomiany and Slomiany, Health, 2011, 3, 187-199], allowed us to reason that INM and ONM are not distinct entities, but uninterrupted continuum facing nucleosol and then cytosol when protracted into segment known as ER. Consequently, the identification of SPT and its products in the inner leaflet of nuclear and ER microsomes lent credence to the luminal presence of Cer in Golgi, luminal synthesis of glycosphingolipids (GSphLs), sphingomyelin (SM), and their delivery to the outer leaflet of apical and basolateral cell membrane, respectively. The findings presented in this communication provide further support to our concept that the factual intercalation of proteins and lipids into the cell membranes can only take place during their simultaneous synthesis that is guided by the nuclear and cytosolic processes enacted in nuclear-ER membrane continuum. At the nuclear stage, the signal-specific genes expression promotes active synthesis and intercalation of lipids into the organelles’ customized membrane that is protracted and articulated in ER in form of transport vesicles.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46946221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth Retardation at Different Stages of Bean Seedlings Developed from Seeds Exposed to Synchrotron X-Ray Beam 同步辐射X射线辐照下大豆幼苗不同发育阶段的生长迟缓

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-04-10 DOI: 10.4236/abc.2018.82003

S. Dhamgaye, V. Dhamgaye, R. Gadre

{"title":"Growth Retardation at Different Stages of Bean Seedlings Developed from Seeds Exposed to Synchrotron X-Ray Beam","authors":"S. Dhamgaye, V. Dhamgaye, R. Gadre","doi":"10.4236/abc.2018.82003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/abc.2018.82003","url":null,"abstract":"Irradiated seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Rajmah using Synchroton X-Ray Beam (BL-07) at RRCAT, Indore at various doses in the range of 0.5 - 10 Gy were used to raise the seedling and the growth status at different stages was evaluated. Prior to germination, in the seeds soaked for 24 hours, the water regain remained unaffected by seed irradiation at 1 - 10 Gy doses, while the acid phosphatase activity was significantly reduced. Strong correlation (R2 = 0.685) between irradiation dose and enzyme activity also resulted. Analysing seed irradiation effect on seed development up to 4 days, % germination, germination index (GI), seedling wt, and seedling vigour were non significantly decreased at 5.0 Gy dose. The overall growth of 10 days old seedlings raised from irradiated seeds was substantially reduced at irradiation doses of 2 and 5 Gy exerting strong -ve correlation. Also % germination and seed vigour index (SVI) were prominently decreased due to seed irradiation. The nitrogen status of the seedlings, reflected by nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was significantly reduced in response to irradiation exerting strong correlation. The results demonstrate decreased phosphate mobilization in soaked seeds, time dependent decreased growth being more substantial with longer duration and reduced nitrate assimilation due to seed irradiation with Synchroton X-Ray Beam.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48290603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Distinct Gene Expression Profile Distinguishes Increased Metabolic Activity in Spontaneously Hyperactive Rats While Sedentary from That Induced by Exercise 不同的基因表达谱区分静止时自发高活性大鼠和运动诱导的代谢活性增加

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.81001

M. Abe, Yuki Matsuo, Akiko Harada-Sukeno, Takayuki Uchida, Kanako Kitahata, Chisato Tomida, K. Hirasaka, S. Teshima-kondo, N. Harada, Y. Nakaya, H. Sakaue, R. Nakao, T. Nikawa

{"title":"Distinct Gene Expression Profile Distinguishes Increased Metabolic Activity in Spontaneously Hyperactive Rats While Sedentary from That Induced by Exercise","authors":"M. Abe, Yuki Matsuo, Akiko Harada-Sukeno, Takayuki Uchida, Kanako Kitahata, Chisato Tomida, K. Hirasaka, S. Teshima-kondo, N. Harada, Y. Nakaya, H. Sakaue, R. Nakao, T. Nikawa","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2018.81001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2018.81001","url":null,"abstract":"The Spontaneously-Running Tokushima Shikoku (SPORTS) strain is an original line derived from Wistar rats, which spontaneously runs >6 km/day on wheels, and has better glucose tolerance and less fat than Wistar rats. However, the molecular mechanism that contributes to the increased metabolic activity in SPORTS rats is unknown. The present study aimed to characterize the gene expression profiles of skeletal muscles in SPORTS rats housed under sedentary (SED) conditions. We found that the expression levels of genes encoding mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes such as ATP synthase 6 (mt-Atp6) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6c (Cox6c), were higher in the soleus (SOL) muscles of SED SPORTS than in SED Wistar rats. The ratio of type IIa myofibers was higher and glucose tolerance was better in SED SPORTS than in Wistar rats that were sedentary and trained daily on treadmills, respectively. We then investigated candidate genes that might contribute to the better glucose tolerance of SED SPORTS rats using DNA microarray analysis. Among 116 upregulated genes in the SOL muscles of SED SPORTS rats, only 19 were also increased in trained Wistar rats. We focused on v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (Erbb3), which was associated with glucose transport in myocytes, and found higher expression levels in the SOL muscles of SED SPORTS than in SED Wistar rats. The SOL muscles of SED SPORTS rats also contained more activity of β-hydroxyacylCoA dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of β-oxidation, indicating enhanced lipid oxidation. These findings suggest that increased metabolic activity in skeletal muscle (especially the SOL muscle) of SPORTS rats is congenital and that gene expression profiles of SPORTS rats and Trained Wistar rats are different.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42846333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Protease Inhibitors on Bond Degradation of Self-Etch Adhesive Systems to Caries-Affected Dentin: An in Vitro Study 蛋白酶抑制剂对龋病牙本质自蚀刻粘接系统键降解的影响:体外研究

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2018-02-02 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2018.81002

Diana Roberta Pereira Grandizoli, S. Pinheiro

{"title":"Influence of Protease Inhibitors on Bond Degradation of Self-Etch Adhesive Systems to Caries-Affected Dentin: An in Vitro Study","authors":"Diana Roberta Pereira Grandizoli, S. Pinheiro","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2018.81002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2018.81002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A decline in pH and dissolution of the inorganic content of the dental tissues are followed by exposure of the organic portion of the tooth, which, in dentin, is largely composed of collagen fibres. These unprotected fibres are then degraded by metalloproteinases and cysteine cathepsins, proteolytic enzymes present in dentin. We evaluated the influence of protease inhibitors on the bond strength of a self-etch adhesive system to caries-affected dentin. Eighty permanent third molars were selected for the study. Dentinal caries were induced artificially by the microbial method and the teeth were divided in four groups: G1—application of Clearfil SE Bond adhesive system (CL); G2—2% chlorhexidine (CLX) + CL; G3—sodium bicarbonate (BIC) + CL; G4—BI + CLX + CL. Bond strength was assessed immediately and at six months. During the six months, the specimens were stored in distilled water. Microtensile bond strength testing was performed. On immediate testing, there was no significant difference in bond strength across the control, BIC, and CLX groups. The combination of BIC + CLX, however, led to an immediate, significant reduction in bond strength. After six months, bond strength was reduced in all groups. The highest bond strength was obtained in the control group (P < 0.05). Most fractures were adhesive, both immediately and at six months. We concluded that the cavity pretreatment with 2% CLX or 2% BIC did not have an immediate negative impact on bond strength of the Clearfil SE Bond system. After specimens were stored for six months in water, their bond strength of specimens was reduced in all groups. This reduction was the greatest in the groups exposed to the inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45821839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of a Subset of Proliferation Related Genes in IRE1 Knockdown U87 Glioma Cells 缺氧对IRE1敲低U87胶质瘤细胞增殖相关基因亚群表达的影响

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2017-12-15 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2017.76014

D. O. Tsymbal, D. Minchenko, O. Hnatiuk, O. Y. Luzina, O. Minchenko

{"title":"Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of a Subset of Proliferation Related Genes in IRE1 Knockdown U87 Glioma Cells","authors":"D. O. Tsymbal, D. Minchenko, O. Hnatiuk, O. Y. Luzina, O. Minchenko","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2017.76014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2017.76014","url":null,"abstract":"We have studied the expression of a subset of genes encoding important tumor growth related factors in U87 glioma cells with IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1) knockdown as well as their hypoxic regulation. It was shown that the expression levels of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), clusterin (CLU), adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 (ADGRE5), transglutaminase 2, C polypeptide (TGM2), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1), glyoxalase I (GLO1) and tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13) are significantly down-regulated in glioma cells with the knockdown of IRE1 signaling enzyme. It was also shown that in glioma cells subjected to hypoxia, the expression levels of PSAT1, TSPAN13, EIF2AK3, and TGM2 genes were up-regulated, whereas the expression of ATF6 gene was down-regulated. At the same time, the expression levels of LIF, CLU, and ADGRE5 genes did not change in response to hypoxic treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of IRE1, a key effector of an unfolded protein response pathway, modified the effect of hypoxia on the expression of most studied genes. Present study demonstrates that IRE1 knockdown down-regulated the expression of most studied genes and modified their hypoxic regulation and that these changes possibly contributed to the suppression of glioma growth in cells without IRE1 signaling enzyme function.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46817108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Plant Growth-Prompting Bacteria Influenced Metabolites of Zea mays var. amylacea and Pennisetum americanum p. in a Species-Specific Manner 植物生长促进细菌以一种特定的方式影响玉米和美洲狼尾草的代谢产物

生物化学进展(英文) Pub Date : 2017-09-22 DOI: 10.4236/ABC.2017.75011

Faten Dhawi, A. Hess

{"title":"Plant Growth-Prompting Bacteria Influenced Metabolites of Zea mays var. amylacea and Pennisetum americanum p. in a Species-Specific Manner","authors":"Faten Dhawi, A. Hess","doi":"10.4236/ABC.2017.75011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ABC.2017.75011","url":null,"abstract":"Poor soil is one of the agricultural world’s principal challenges, inciting the use of chemical fertilizer’s to improve overall soil quality. However, the use of chemical fertilizer has significant and cascading environmental consequences. Therefore, the use of beneficial microbes’ inoculation in treating poor soil is a considerably ecofriendly sustainable solution. In the current study, we supplemented nutrient-deprived soil with plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), Pseudomonas fluorescens. The bacterial inoculations of Pseudomonas fluorescenswere added to the poor soil following two days post-sowing of Zea mays var. amylacea and Pennisetumamericanum p. seedlings. Metabolite analyses were conducted two months after treatment for both shoots and roots using nuclear magnetic resonance method (NMR). The data indicated significant changes in 19 metabolites relative to control in both plants shoot and roots. Among these metabolites, 7 were upregulated in roots of Zea mays var. amylacea, and 9 metabolites were upregulated in roots of Pennisetum americanum p. The PGPB enhanced sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose) and amino acids (glutamate, alanine and succinate) in roots, while down regulating in shoots of Pennisetum americanum p. The Pseudomonas fluorescens induced, predominantly,Aminoacyl-tRNA related metabolite, and Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolite biosynthesis in Zea mays var. amylacea), whereas PGPB induced metabolites in Pennisetum americanum p., dominated by up regulated carbohydrate related (starch and sucrose) metabolites. The difference in some metabolic response between the two plants indicated that PGPB influence has a species-specific manner.","PeriodicalId":59114,"journal":{"name":"生物化学进展(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47200862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4