International Journal of Biometeorology最新文献

{"title":"Balneotherapy in knee osteoarthritis: a review of therapeutic efficacy and inflammatory cytokine regulation","authors":"Xiangfeng Lai,&nbsp;Lin Ji,&nbsp;Yuzhe Zou,&nbsp;Jiong Wang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhan,&nbsp;Liqing Yao,&nbsp;Xue Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03358-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03358-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease with an inflammatory component. Balneotherapy has been used for KOA, but its clinical efficacy and mechanisms remain uncertain. This narrative review summarizes clinical evidence and proposes a hypothesis-generating mechanistic framework. PubMed and CNKI were searched up to June 2026. Interventions were categorized as mineral-water bathing, aquatic exercise/hydrotherapy, mud therapy/pelotherapy, or multimodal spa programmes, and clinical studies were assessed for risk of bias. Randomized trials and meta-analyses suggest that balneotherapy may improve short-term pain and function, with benefits reportedly persisting for 3–9 months in some studies; however, most trials had high risk of bias, heterogeneous protocols, small samples, and short follow-up. Mechanistic evidence is largely preclinical or indirect. H₂S has the most consistent anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic rationale, acting via NF-κB and MMP-13 inhibition. Calcium and magnesium may modulate TRPV4/NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling, but human balneotherapy evidence is lacking, and mineral synergy remains unverified. A three-tier “heat–mineral–signal” framework is proposed, but target engagement after bathing and causality between biomarker changes and clinical improvement have not been established. Overall, balneotherapy may offer symptomatic benefits in KOA, but current evidence is limited and heterogeneous. The proposed mechanistic model is hypothesis-generating; higher-quality trials with standardized protocols, long-term follow-up, and integrated clinical and mechanistic outcomes are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on tourism seasonality: the role of bioclimatic indicators for Antalya","authors":"Hatice Oncel Cekim,&nbsp;Banu Özüşen","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03347-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03347-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a primary climate change hotspot, the Mediterranean Basin faces rising temperatures that threaten the bioclimatic suitability of its coastal destinations. This study examines how international tourism flows to Antalya, Türkiye, respond to specific meteorological parameters, including sea water temperature, maximum air temperature, and total sunshine. The ARIMAX modeling and seasonal decomposition methods from time series approaches are employed to assess the susceptibility of tourism demand to climate change. The results show that there was no structural break in total volume during June, July and August, but that demand led to a marked temporal expansion towards the post-summer months (September and October). This trend indicates that the number of hot days is increasing due to climate change, and that this is a factor in tourists deciding to choose the province of Antalya as their destination. The increase in the number of hot days, which has led to an increase in tourist numbers, highlights a significant vulnerability. Any future climate-related changes in thermal comfort levels or extreme weather events may necessitate new planning measures. We conclude that bioclimatic indicators serve as essential predictors for future tourism dynamics, offering critical data for climate adaptation and regional planning. In the discussion section, we present a theoretical perspective on tourist behaviour based on the findings of the study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the influence of a permanent shade pavilion structure on WBGT and activity modification","authors":"Andrew Grundstein,&nbsp;Susan Yeargin,&nbsp;Earl Cooper,&nbsp;Matthew Fuller,&nbsp;Shea Wilson-Gregg","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03345-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03345-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to solar radiation significantly elevates heat stress during outdoor physical activity, increasing the risk of exertional heat illness. This study quantified the operational impact of a permanent, full-coverage shade pavilion on wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and evaluated how shade-induced cooling modifies activity-restriction thresholds in a recreational sport setting. In Athens, Georgia, USA, we collected 309 paired sun–shade observations across a wide, representative range of humid subtropical summer conditions, comparing a sun-exposed grass field with the shaded pavilion area. WBGT values were classified according to Georgia High School Association (GHSA) heat-safety guidelines.</p><p>The pavilion reduced WBGT by an estimated 4.1°C relative to the sun-exposed grass site under mean observed meteorological conditions, although the magnitude of this cooling varied with sky cover, with larger reductions under sunnier skies. In full sun, only 36% of observations fell into the no modification category, and 15% reached the most restrictive thresholds. Under the pavilion, 96% of observations required no modification, and none reached the highest activity restriction categories. These shifts in activity-modification categories translate into substantially longer durations of unrestricted activity under the pavilion, corresponding to approximately 6.7 versus 2.5 h during a standardized 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. period in shaded and sun-exposed areas, respectively.</p><p>These findings demonstrate that permanent shade infrastructure can serve as an effective heat mitigation tool for schools, parks, and municipalities. The exact reductions in WBGT and associated changes in activity modification decisions, however, may vary depending on the specific shade structure design and regional climate setting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do space weather conditions affect headache occurrence? A longitudinal analysis of daily headache reports from Serbia","authors":"Filip Arnaut,&nbsp;Sreten Jevremović,&nbsp;Snežana Ignjatović,&nbsp;Aleksandra Kolarski","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03360-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03360-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The potential influence of solar activity and space weather on human health has been investigated for more than a century; however, research regarding headache occurrence and solar activity are underrepresented in the literature. The present study investigated whether daily solar and geomagnetic conditions were associated with headache occurrence using prospectively collected headache diary data. Daily headache records were obtained from 26 participants over a 120-day period (1 January- 30 April 2025). Solar activity was characterized using the daily sunspot number, daily number of C-class and M-class solar flares, the total number of solar flares of at least C class, and the Kp index. Generalized linear mixed models were applied to evaluate associations between headache occurrence and solar and space weather parameters. Continuous and threshold-based analyses (85th percentile), together with one-day lagged variables, were performed. No statistically significant associations were identified between headache occurrence and any of the analyzed solar activity or space weather parameters, irrespective of whether continuous, lagged, or threshold-based models were considered. Female participants exhibited significantly higher odds of reporting headaches than males, whereas age was not significantly associated with headache occurrence. These findings did not provide evidence of a short-term association between the analyzed solar activity or geomagnetic parameters and daily headache occurrence in the studied population. Future studies involving larger and more diverse populations, longer observation periods spanning multiple phases of the solar cycle, and additional space weather parameters are warranted to further evaluate potential relationships between solar activity, space weather, and human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal dynamics of thermal stress across districts of Uttar Pradesh, India: multi-decadal evidence from combined biometeorological indices","authors":"Md. Juel Rana,&nbsp;Priyank Pravin Patel,&nbsp;Kashif Imdad,&nbsp;Anurag Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03352-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03352-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rising thermal stress has emerged as a critical challenge for socio-economic systems and public health in the ongoing climate change scenario. In Northern India states like Uttar Pradesh, where a large population share is engaged in climate-sensitive livelihoods, increasing heat-related thermal stress poses substantial risk of income and productivity loss, alongside an escalating burden of heat-related health outcomes and healthcare expenditure. Despite these concerns, empirical assessment of long-term thermal stress dynamics at the district scale remains limited, constraining the ability to design locally relevant adaptation strategies. The present study addresses this gap by examining the evolution of thermal stress across the districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, using two biometeorological indices- the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), over the period 1975–2024. Daily WBGT and UTCI data derived from Copernicus Climate Change Service datasets were analysed at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales to assess spatial variability, temporal trends, and changes in heat-related thermal stress categories. Results reveal pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with districts in eastern Uttar Pradesh consistently experiencing higher thermal stress compared to western districts. Several districts recorded increase in mean WBGT and UTCI exceeding 0.5 °C during the recent period (2000–2024), alongside a marked shift in the frequency of days characterized by low and moderate mean thermal heat-stress conditions toward days characterized by strong and very strong mean thermal heat-stress conditions. Statistically significant increasing trends across most districts indicate a persistent intensification of thermal stress during the study period. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted, district-specific policy interventions and locally grounded heat action plans to mitigate heat-related risks, safeguard livelihoods, and promote overall well-being in support of a climate-resilient society.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor thermal comfort in K-12 schools: a systematic literature review","authors":"Golbarg Sadeghian,&nbsp;Mahmoud Reza Saghafi","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03354-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03354-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As children spend many hours outdoors for play, learning, and physical activity, the thermal quality of schoolyards has become an increasingly critical concern for public health and educational design, particularly under exposure to thermal extremes and climate change. This systematic review analyzes 35 peer-reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025, identified through five online databases, to synthesize the current state of knowledge on outdoor thermal comfort (OTC) in K–12 schools. Findings show a strong focus on mitigating summer heat stress, particularly in primary schools within Mediterranean and humid subtropical climates. Most studies rely on field measurements combined with numerical simulations, typically using objective indices, while increasingly incorporating subjective measures such as behavioral adaptation. Across climates, vegetation and shading consistently emerge as the most effective mitigation strategies. By identifying research gaps, methodological trends, and dominant interventions, this review underscores the need for more comprehensive research on schoolyard thermal environments. It also provides practical guidance for architects, urban planners, and school administrators by outlining climate-responsive intervention priorities. Overall, this review highlights that improving outdoor thermal comfort in school settings is not merely an environmental design challenge but a cross-disciplinary issue at the intersection of public health, education, and climate adaptation. It calls for a shift from purely technical approaches toward integrated, participatory, and policy-oriented frameworks that position thermal comfort as a core component of school infrastructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149260286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between nighttime heat exposure and emergency hospitalization for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Japan","authors":"Hisaaki Nishimura,&nbsp;Nobutoshi Nawa,&nbsp;Kiyohide Fushimi,&nbsp;Takeo Fujiwara","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03342-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03342-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Few studies have explored the adverse health effects of nighttime heat exposure. This study examined the association between nighttime heat exposure and emergency hospitalization for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Japan. Hospitalizations were identified from a nationwide administrative database covering the period from May to September between 2011 and 2021. Days with minimum temperatures higher than region-specific 92.5th percentile temperatures were considered as exposed to nighttime heat. Daily maximum temperature was adjusted for as a proxy for daytime heat exposure. First, a time-stratified case-crossover study using conditional quasi-Poisson regression analysis was conducted to estimate location-specific heat-related relative risks (RRs) of emergency hospitalization for OHCA over lag 0–6 days. Second, a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate pooled RRs. The analysis was further stratified by age, sex, and region. Third, in an attempt to account for the geographical heterogeneity in RRs, the location-specific penetration rate of air conditioners (ACs) was included as a meta-regressor. A total of 135,898 hospitalizations for OHCA were identified. Nighttime heat exposure was associated with increased emergency hospitalizations for OHCA (RR: 1.090 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.047–1.135). Higher RRs were observed among people aged ≥ 75 years and females living in northern areas (1.295 (95%CI: 1.117-1.500) and 1.352 (95%CI: 1.145–1.596), respectively). In locations with a lower penetration rate of ACs, females and those aged ≥ 75 years were at higher RRs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149235140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating hourly outdoor WBGT from routine meteorological observations for heat-stress assessment in tropical Singapore","authors":"Po-Yen Lai,&nbsp;Cary Turangan,&nbsp;George Xu,&nbsp;Hong En Tan,&nbsp;Ruixin Li,&nbsp;Chang Wei Kang","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03349-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03349-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Site-specific hourly WBGT information is needed for outdoor heat-stress assessment in hot-humid tropical environments, where heat exposure varies across station locations and work periods. Dedicated WBGT sensors, however, remain spatially limited, constraining routine station-scale assessment and retrospective exposure analysis. This study develops a locally calibrated, compact, physics-motivated formulation (fWBGT) for estimating hourly outdoor WBGT from routine automatic weather-station observations in tropical Singapore. The zero-iteration linear formulation uses a closed-form psychrometric wet-bulb surrogate (<span>(T_text {psy})</span>), global horizontal irradiance represented by <span>(textrm{GHI}^{0.25})</span>, dry-bulb temperature, and 2-m wind speed to retain radiation- and wind-aware predictors without iterative heat-balance calculations. It was calibrated using five years of hourly co-located data from Changi, Singapore (2020–2024; <span>(N=31{,}242)</span>) and benchmarked against iterative, analytic, lookup-table, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) methods. fWBGT reproduced measured WBGT with RMSE = <span>(0.54,^circ )</span>C, <span>(R^2=0.936)</span>, and approximately zero MBE. It was less accurate than the MLP (RMSE = <span>(0.43,^circ )</span>C) but executed approximately 1,750 times faster than the iterative Liljegren model. The simplified WBGT lookup approach showed nighttime errors exceeding <span>(5.4,^circ )</span>C. In 2025 temporal and spatial validation, fWBGT achieved daytime RMSE <span>(le 1.13,^circ )</span>C and nighttime RMSE <span>(le 0.71,^circ )</span>C. These results demonstrate that locally calibrated WBGT estimation provides an efficient methodology for station-scale heat-stress screening and exposure assessment in tropical microclimates. While the calibration-and-validation procedure is transferable, the Singapore-specific coefficients require local recalibration prior to application in other environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149235004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familiar name, unfamiliar reality: a case study of heat illness knowledge gaps among Japanese junior high and high school students","authors":"Hiroki Matsuo,&nbsp;Naoyuki Yamashita","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03351-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03351-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Early recognition of exertional heat illness (EHI) is critical for preventing severe outcomes. However, the relationship between perceived knowledge and actual understanding remains unclear. This study investigated the recognition and correct matching of EHI and its symptoms among Japanese junior high and high school students. A paper-based, self-administered questionnaire was distributed under conditions of anonymity and voluntary participation. The questionnaire included recognition of the term “EHI” and its condition types and severity classifications (mild, moderate, and severe). EHI knowledge was evaluated by asking students to select all symptoms corresponding to each EHI condition and severity classification from a predefined list, based on previous guidelines. Valid responses were obtained from 533 junior high and 646 high school students. Almost all students recognised the term “EHI,” with most reporting school health education as the primary source of learning. However, correct matching of EHI types with their associated symptoms was low (junior high school/high school): 1.9/3.1% for heat syncope, 22.1/26.9% for exercise-associated muscle cramps, 4.1/7.9% for exertional heat exhaustion, and 0.4/0.5% for exertional heat stroke. These results indicate that, although recognition of EHI terminology was nearly universal, correct matching of symptoms was extremely low. These findings reveal a substantial gap between perceived knowledge and actual understanding of EHI. This discrepancy may lead to delayed recognition and inappropriate responses in real-world situations, potentially increasing the risk of adverse outcomes during heat exposure. Addressing this gap may be important for improving safety and public health preparedness in school-based settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149235003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in temperature, rainfall and snow cover during the reproductive season of Arctic-breeding birds","authors":"Nomikos Skyllas,&nbsp;Nicoleta Tsakali,&nbsp;Hans Linssen,&nbsp;Thomas K. Lameris,&nbsp;Bart A. Nolet,&nbsp;Richard Bintanja","doi":"10.1007/s00484-026-03348-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00484-026-03348-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arctic warming is rapidly altering hydroclimatic conditions, yet its implications for the timing and reliability of terrestrial breeding environments remain poorly quantified. This study assesses how changes in temperature, snow dynamics, and rainfall extremes affect the snow-free reproductive window across Arctic tundra systems. We combined ERA5 reanalysis (1940–2024), daily output from ten CMIP6 Earth System Models, and long-term equilibrium simulations (400 years) from EC-Earth3 under present-day and doubled CO₂ conditions. Analyses focused on lowland tundra regions and quantified changes in snow cover, timing and duration of the productive period, and the frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events. Results show substantial Arctic warming under SSP2-4.5 (approximately 4.9 °C by 2081–2100 relative to 1995–2014), reductions in snowfall, and declining snow cover across the Arctic. Separately, the idealized EC-Earth equilibrium experiment, representing approximately 6 °C of global-mean warming relative to pre-industrial conditions in the 2×CO₂ state, shows how reproductive-season hydroclimate responds under strong sustained warming. Between the 1×CO₂ and 2×CO₂ equilibrium states, the snow-free period lengthens substantially due to earlier snowmelt (–28 days) and delayed snow onset (+36 days), while rainfall extremes intensify sharply. Extremely wet days become up to sixteen times more frequent, and rainfall events with a 100-year return period in the 1×CO₂ climate recur every 2–9 years in the 2×CO₂ climate, with particularly large relative changes in historically dry regions. These results show that a longer snow-free season under strong warming can coincide with substantially greater exposure to rainfall extremes, highlighting the importance of hydroclimatic extremes when assessing ecological responses to Arctic climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":588,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biometeorology","volume":"70 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00484-026-03348-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149176409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}