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Measurement of the Antenna Pattern in the Operating Frequency Band 测量工作频段内的天线图案
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700763
V. Yu. Neruk, P. P. Pivnev, D. A. Davydov
{"title":"Measurement of the Antenna Pattern in the Operating Frequency Band","authors":"V. Yu. Neruk,&nbsp;P. P. Pivnev,&nbsp;D. A. Davydov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700763","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700763","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The radiation patterns of broadband antennas have been measured in a laboratory using linear frequency modulation (LFM) of the signal. The investigations have been carried out on the basis of the Imitation−Full-scale Hydroacoustic Complex unique scientific installation (UNU “INGAK”) of the Department of Electrohydroacoustic and Medical Equipment at the Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Instrumentation of Southern Federal University. A special feature of the experiment is that the antenna pattern data are recorded at once in the entire operating frequency band and the frequencies of interest are extracted by digital processing of the measured data.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"566 - 574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Sealed Cell with Microliter Cavities for Temperature Measurements of Solution Structure by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering 利用小角 X 射线散射对溶液结构进行温度测量的新型微升腔密封样品池
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S002044122470074X
K. B. Il’ina, P. V. Konarev, A. E. Sukhanov, V. V. Volkov, M. A. Marchenkova, G. S. Peters, Yu. V. Pisarevsky, V. A. Shishkov
{"title":"A Novel Sealed Cell with Microliter Cavities for Temperature Measurements of Solution Structure by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering","authors":"K. B. Il’ina,&nbsp;P. V. Konarev,&nbsp;A. E. Sukhanov,&nbsp;V. V. Volkov,&nbsp;M. A. Marchenkova,&nbsp;G. S. Peters,&nbsp;Yu. V. Pisarevsky,&nbsp;V. A. Shishkov","doi":"10.1134/S002044122470074X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S002044122470074X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A sample cell with increased efficiency compared to standard quartz capillaries for studying the structure of solutions by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has been developed and tested. The circular cross-section of the standard quartz capillary leads to a decrease in the effective aperture and the appearance of additional parasitic scattering. A special feature of the cell design is the presence of plane–parallel X-ray transparent windows, which provide a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of SAXS data compared to data obtained using standard imported capillaries. The cell design includes at least two identical microliter cavities for samples, which allows comparing the measured object with a reference solution in one experiment or using solutions with different chemical compositions (including concentrations). Test measurements for a standard capillary and the proposed cell were carried out, showing a significantly more isotropic scattering pattern when using the cell. Its advantages are the reusable cell design and replacement of imported products (quartz capillaries). The cell has been successfully tested for studying crystallization solutions of potassium dihydrophosphate and lysozyme protein at different temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"528 - 536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficient Gas Ion Source with Space Charge 带空间电荷的高效气体离子源
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700714
Yu. I. Gusev, Yu. V. Nechiporenko, Yu. N. Novikov, A. V. Popov, D. E. Sosnov
{"title":"Efficient Gas Ion Source with Space Charge","authors":"Yu. I. Gusev,&nbsp;Yu. V. Nechiporenko,&nbsp;Yu. N. Novikov,&nbsp;A. V. Popov,&nbsp;D. E. Sosnov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700714","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700714","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The characteristics of an ion source with gas filling and electron injection were studied as part of the development of the <sup>229m</sup>Th isomeric state ion generator. Calculations of the distribution of the electric potential and electron density in the helium media were carried out. The efficiency of ion evacuation was measured. The created technique is characterized by high efficiency and speed in combination with the possibility of forming an intense ion beam of radioactive decay and nuclear reactions products.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"494 - 499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experience and Application Possibilities of Scanning Devices for Monitoring Radiation Fields in Shut-Down Uranium–Graphite Reactors 用于监测停堆铀石墨反应堆辐射场的扫描设备的经验和应用可能性
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700787
A. O. Pavliuk, S. G. Kotlyarevsky, R. I. Kan, E. P. Zelenetskaya
{"title":"Experience and Application Possibilities of Scanning Devices for Monitoring Radiation Fields in Shut-Down Uranium–Graphite Reactors","authors":"A. O. Pavliuk,&nbsp;S. G. Kotlyarevsky,&nbsp;R. I. Kan,&nbsp;E. P. Zelenetskaya","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700787","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700787","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper focuses on the evaluation of scanning devices for in-pile radiation measurement of the shut-down uranium–graphite reactors. The description of several generations of scanning devices is presented cause their design and configuration has been constantly improved in the light of experience and new objectives. Approaches and results of determining the metrological characteristics of γ- and neutron detectors of various types directly in reactor designs in which mixed radiation (α-, β-, γ-, and neutron radiation) prevails are considered. Estimates of the influence of the energy dependence of the sensitivity on the γ-detectors readings of different types, as well as the neutron detectors noise-immunity to γ-radiation, are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"457 - 470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automated System for Detecting Atmospheric Gases CO, CO2, and CH4 Based on Optical Parametric Oscillators 基于光参量振荡器的大气气体 CO、CO2 和 CH4 自动检测系统
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700738
E. Yu. Erushin, N. Yu. Kostyukova, A. A. Boyko, I. B. Miroshnichenko
{"title":"Automated System for Detecting Atmospheric Gases CO, CO2, and CH4 Based on Optical Parametric Oscillators","authors":"E. Yu. Erushin,&nbsp;N. Yu. Kostyukova,&nbsp;A. A. Boyko,&nbsp;I. B. Miroshnichenko","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700738","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700738","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The multicomponent gas analyzer has a wide range of applications, such as environmental monitoring, chemical reaction and industrial process control, accident prevention, exploration in the oil and gas industries, and biomedicine. Laser photoacoustic spectroscopy is the universal method for analyzing gaseous impurities due to its high selectivity, sensitivity, and fast response. This paper presents an automated gas analysis system based on the combined optical parametric oscillators tuning from 2.5 to 10.8 µm. The full width at half maximum of the spectral line is approximately 5.5 ± 0.5 cm<sup>–1</sup> in the range from 2.5 to 4.5 μm and approximately 2 ± 0.5 cm<sup>–1</sup> in the range from 4.5 to 10.8 μm. Using software installed on the control computer, the controller performs all necessary operations, including pumping, analysis, and removal of gas samples in the measuring complex. The paper presents experimentally recorded absorption spectra of gas mixtures of CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, and CH<sub>4</sub> obtained using a differential photoacoustic detector.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"505 - 510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of a Side Acoustic Screen on the Radiation Pattern of a Side-Scan Sonar Antenna 侧声屏对侧扫声纳天线辐射模式的影响
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700799
P. P. Pivnev, D. A. Davydov, V. Yu. Neruk
{"title":"Influence of a Side Acoustic Screen on the Radiation Pattern of a Side-Scan Sonar Antenna","authors":"P. P. Pivnev,&nbsp;D. A. Davydov,&nbsp;V. Yu. Neruk","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700799","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The experiment on the placement of side acoustic steel screens at different heights from the radiating surface is described. The radiation patterns (RPs) have been recorded. The width of the main lobe of the RP in a vertical plane at a level of 0.707 is analyzed as a function of the heights at which the side acoustic shields are located.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"575 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of the Accelerated Aging Process on the Main Characteristics of Hall Sensors 加速老化过程对霍尔传感器主要特性的影响
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700805
K. K. Riabchenko, A. Yu. Pakhomov, K. V. Zhilyaev, A. A. Starostenko
{"title":"Influence of the Accelerated Aging Process on the Main Characteristics of Hall Sensors","authors":"K. K. Riabchenko,&nbsp;A. Yu. Pakhomov,&nbsp;K. V. Zhilyaev,&nbsp;A. A. Starostenko","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700805","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700805","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To measure the spatial distribution of the magnetic field, both single Hall sensors and arrays of Hall sensors are used. In most cases, a one-dimensional ruler is sufficient. The finished device is called a measuring carriage. The rest of the article describes the first stage of its creation. This article consists in Hall sensor rejection, during which the sensors operate under extreme operating conditions (with increased electrical and thermal loads). During this so-called accelerated aging, the changes in the residual stress values, temperature coefficients, nonlinearity, and divergence of the sensitivity coefficient were monitored. This study can serve as a methodological guide in determining the selection criteria for Hall sensors for precision measuring systems. The need for aging sensors was shown to stabilize their long-term characteristics. In addition, the process of rejecting sensors according to the parameters of interest is described.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"537 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Improvement of Temperature Sensitivity by Eliminating the Thermal Stress at the Interface of Fiber Bragg Gratings 通过消除光纤布拉格光栅界面的热应力提高温度灵敏度
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700647
Sixiang Liang, Zhan Wang, Pengfei Wang, Huanhuan Liu, Xiaohong Sun
{"title":"The Improvement of Temperature Sensitivity by Eliminating the Thermal Stress at the Interface of Fiber Bragg Gratings","authors":"Sixiang Liang,&nbsp;Zhan Wang,&nbsp;Pengfei Wang,&nbsp;Huanhuan Liu,&nbsp;Xiaohong Sun","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700647","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700647","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article uses polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to package an improved fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor. Unlike the structure of PDMS completely enveloping fiber gratings, we utilize microfluidic processing technology to construct a microchannel with a diameter of 150 μm in the area of the fiber gratings. It eliminates the thermal stress on the fiber grating in the radial direction. Through the force analysis of the fiber gratings in the packaged sensor, it can be found that eliminating the radial thermal stress is conducive to improving the axial coefficient of thermal expansion of the fiber gratings. The temperature sensing characteristics of this structure are verified by simulation and experiment. Both theoretical and experimental results have shown that this structure can effectively improve the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. In the experiment, the temperature sensitivity of the packaged sensor is 3.5 times higher than that of the standard fiber gratings. The temperature sensitivity of the sensor is 37.6 pm/°C. It is simple to manufacture, does not pollute the environment, and can accurately monitor the temperature of the complex environment. Therefore, it is an ideal model for temperature monitoring in complex environments such as the ocean and mine.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"596 - 601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Electric Discharge Device for Producing Nanoparticles from Conductive Granules 利用导电颗粒生产纳米颗粒的放电装置
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700751
S. V. Korotkov, A. L. Zhmodikov, K. A. Kozlov, D. A. Korotkov
{"title":"An Electric Discharge Device for Producing Nanoparticles from Conductive Granules","authors":"S. V. Korotkov,&nbsp;A. L. Zhmodikov,&nbsp;K. A. Kozlov,&nbsp;D. A. Korotkov","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700751","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700751","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A high voltage electric-discharge device is considered that provides the production of steel, aluminum, and silicon particles with a size of less than 100 nm from granules placed in a chamber with running deionized water. The possibilities of significantly increasing the power of the developed device have been determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"614 - 618"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tunable Diode Laser with a Short Tandem External Cavity 带有短串联外腔的可调谐二极管激光器
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Instruments and Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1134/S0020441224700830
A. K. Chernyshov, P. A. Mikheyev
{"title":"Tunable Diode Laser with a Short Tandem External Cavity","authors":"A. K. Chernyshov,&nbsp;P. A. Mikheyev","doi":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0020441224700830","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A short external cavity (EC) providing a single frequency lasing of quantum-well diode lasers with broad optical gain profiles has been developed. A feature of the proposed EC is the use of a resonant reflector formed by two thin (with thickness of approximately 100 µm) cover glasses as a return mirror. The HL8338MG laser equipped with a similar short EC made it possible to demonstrate the continuous optical frequency tuning within 100 GHz and discrete wavelength tuning in the 12.3 nm range with an output power of approximately 20 mW. The applicability of such a tunable diode laser source for gas spectroscopy was confirmed by the observation of three krypton absorption lines near 829 nm in a low-pressure radio frequency discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":587,"journal":{"name":"Instruments and Experimental Techniques","volume":"67 3","pages":"523 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142518870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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