Rachel E. Crittell, Rehema Nakiwala, Margaux J. Lavenue, Scott M. Hutchinson, Jeanne L. Bolliger
{"title":"Iodine-Promoted C–H Bond Amination Reaction for the Synthesis of Fused Tricyclic Heteroarenes","authors":"Rachel E. Crittell, Rehema Nakiwala, Margaux J. Lavenue, Scott M. Hutchinson, Jeanne L. Bolliger","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02282","url":null,"abstract":"Fused heterocyclic scaffolds, such as benzimidazoles or larger ring systems containing a benzimidazole fragment, are frequently encountered in pharmaceutical compounds and other biologically active molecules. While there are many examples of N9- and/or C3-substituted 9<i>H</i>-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,2,4]triazoles, current examples of the regioselective preparation of N1-substituted 1<i>H</i>-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,2,4]triazoles are limited to N1-aryl substituted compounds, which also contain a C3-substituent. Here, we report an iodine-promoted C–H bond amination reaction that allows the selective preparation of 1<i>H</i>-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,2,4]triazoles with a variety of aryl and alkyl N1-substituents. Not only do these cyclization reactions allow access to a new substitution pattern on the benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-<i>c</i>][1,2,4]triazole scaffold, but they are also tolerant toward a wide range of functional groups, including esters, amides, alcohols, alkynes, and alkenes. Our findings expand the synthetic toolbox for the preparation of nitrogen containing fused heteroarenes.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping-Xin Zhou, Xue-Yan Du, Yang Liu, Si-Hui Qiu, Qiang Wang, Ying-Ying Kong, Yong-Min Liang
{"title":"Palladium-Catalyzed Autotandem Ring-Opening of Cyclopropanols with Gem-Dibromoolefins for the Synthesis of β-Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolinyl Ketones","authors":"Ping-Xin Zhou, Xue-Yan Du, Yang Liu, Si-Hui Qiu, Qiang Wang, Ying-Ying Kong, Yong-Min Liang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02061","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, the palladium-catalyzed autotandem reaction of cyclopropyl alcohols with gem-dibromoolefins is described. This reaction system involves two distinct mechanistic processes, both efficiently catalyzed by the same palladium catalyst. This approach accommodates a wide substrate scope using readily available starting materials, offering a new and efficient method for synthesizing a series of β-pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]quinolinyl ketones.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rong Ma, Yujie Qu, Pengcheng Guan, Minghui Liu, Yu Han, Feng Feng, Chengyu Wang
{"title":"Controllable Synthesis of Benzo[b]furo[2,3-d]azepines or Furo[3,2-b]indoles via Intermolecular Oxidative Annulation of 2-(Furan-2-yl)anilines and Propargyl Carbonates versus Intramolecular C–H Amination Reactions","authors":"Rong Ma, Yujie Qu, Pengcheng Guan, Minghui Liu, Yu Han, Feng Feng, Chengyu Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02293","url":null,"abstract":"Two novel Pd-catalyzed protocols for the controllable synthesis of benzo[<i>b</i>]furo[2,3-<i>d</i>]azepines and furo[3,2-<i>b</i>]indoles have been developed by intermolecular oxidative annulation of 2-(furan-2-yl)anilines and propargyl carbonates versus intramolecular C–H amination reactions. These two protocols feature great scalability, functional group tolerance, and relatively mild reaction conditions. Notably, the robust methodologies could also provide valuable opportunities for assembling azepine-fused benzothiophene, indole-fused benzothiophene, and indole-fused benzimidazole, which may have potential applications in the synthesis of related pharmaceuticals or polymeric materials.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aparna Tyagi, Himanshu Gautam, Khyati Tripathi, Chinmoy K. Hazra
{"title":"Nondirected Ortho C–H Arylation for One-Pot Synthesis of Biaryl Scaffolds via In Situ Generated Mixed Acetal","authors":"Aparna Tyagi, Himanshu Gautam, Khyati Tripathi, Chinmoy K. Hazra","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c01984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c01984","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we introduce a mild and efficient method for synthesizing aniline biaryls and unsymmetrical phenol biaryls through iodine-catalyzed coupling of quinone imine ketals (QIKs)/quinonemonoacetals (QMAs) and <i>β</i>-naphthols. This approach allows for the unusual formation of ortho-substituted anilines and phenols, valuable in pharmaceuticals and advanced materials but typically difficult to produce. Our method achieves high <i>ortho</i>-selectivity without needing transition metals or external/internal templates. The process involves a [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of the <i>in situ</i> generated mixed acetal, which is the key intermediate. Notable features include scalability, broad functional group tolerance, and late-stage derivatization of natural products using a cost-effective, air-tolerant catalytic system, eliminating the need for hazardous catalysts.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Surendra Reddy Gundam, Mathew R. Callstrom, Mukesh K. Pandey
{"title":"Synthesis and Application of 1-[18F]Fluoro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene for Radiofluorination of Peptides in Aqueous Medium","authors":"Surendra Reddy Gundam, Mathew R. Callstrom, Mukesh K. Pandey","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02370","url":null,"abstract":"Conjugation of radiofluorinated prosthetic groups to primary amines of peptides in an aqueous medium is still considerably challenging. Herein, we report a one-pot cascade synthesis of 1-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoro-4-isothiocyanatobenzene ([<sup>18</sup>F]<b>2d</b>), an isothiocyanate-functionalized prosthetic group for radiolabeling of various peptides in aqueous medium. The developed compound [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>2d</b> was synthesized in >99% radiochemical purity with 22.9 ± 3.8% (n = 12) decay-corrected yield having molar activity of 0.65 ± 0.19 (n = 12) GBq/μmol. Various clinically important peptides including prostate-specific membrane antigen vector, octreotide acetate, biotin analogue, Arg-Gly-Asp analogue, and bradykinin were successfully conjugated with [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>2d</b> in an aqueous medium in a good to moderate radiochemical yield. The overall synthesis of [<sup>18</sup>F]<b>2d</b> and its conjugation with a peptide take around 155 min, including purification.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping-Xin Zhou*, Xue-Yan Du, Yang Liu, Si-Hui Qiu, Qiang Wang*, Ying-Ying Kong* and Yong-Min Liang,
{"title":"Palladium-Catalyzed Autotandem Ring-Opening of Cyclopropanols with Gem-Dibromoolefins for the Synthesis of β-Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinolinyl Ketones","authors":"Ping-Xin Zhou*, Xue-Yan Du, Yang Liu, Si-Hui Qiu, Qiang Wang*, Ying-Ying Kong* and Yong-Min Liang, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c0206110.1021/acs.joc.4c02061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02061https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02061","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Herein, the palladium-catalyzed autotandem reaction of cyclopropyl alcohols with gem-dibromoolefins is described. This reaction system involves two distinct mechanistic processes, both efficiently catalyzed by the same palladium catalyst. This approach accommodates a wide substrate scope using readily available starting materials, offering a new and efficient method for synthesizing a series of β-pyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]quinolinyl ketones.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"89 24","pages":"18199–18208 18199–18208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organocatalytic Hat Trick: 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Cyclic Imides via an Amidation–Cyclization–Elimination Cascade","authors":"Chunling Blue Lan, Karine Auclair","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02649","url":null,"abstract":"1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) was used for the synthesis of cyclic imides via an amidation–cyclization–elimination cascade. This organocatalytic transformation features both the traditional reactivity of TBD and its unprecedented C–C bond cleavage capability, allowing rapid and efficient access to cyclic imides. This method is compatible with the late-stage functionalization of complex molecules and the synthesis of bioactive molecules. Both experimental and computational approaches were employed to gain a better understanding of the reaction mechanism.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ousman Boye, Lisa Nicholson, Anna Marstall, Brooke Van Engen, Marika Van Slageren, Noah Mulder, Mostafa Ali Eldeen, Abe Hall, Anjaneyulu Putta, Sandeep K. Misra, Joshua S. Sharp, Hailiang Joshua Zhu
{"title":"Silver Oxide Promoted Synthesis of Alpha O-GalNAc Containing Glyco-Amino Acids: Synthesis of Core 2 Containing Glyco-Amino Acids for Solid Phase Synthesis of Glycopeptides","authors":"Ousman Boye, Lisa Nicholson, Anna Marstall, Brooke Van Engen, Marika Van Slageren, Noah Mulder, Mostafa Ali Eldeen, Abe Hall, Anjaneyulu Putta, Sandeep K. Misra, Joshua S. Sharp, Hailiang Joshua Zhu","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c01572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c01572","url":null,"abstract":"<i>O</i>-GalNAc glycans on glycoproteins with eight different core structures sharing a common α-glycosidic linkage (<i>O</i>-GalNAc-α-Ser/Thr) are critical in various physiological and pathological processes. Among the eight <i>O</i>-GalNAc glycan cores, core 2 characterized by a GlcNAcβ1–6(Galβ1–3)GalNAc structural motif plays a significant role in regulating diverse biological processes, such as immune response modulation, adhesive properties of selectins, and gastrointestinal tract protection. However, the large-quantity synthesis of core 2 containing glyco-amino acids for downstream solid-phase peptide synthesis is challenging. In this work, we successfully employed a silver oxide for coupling a 2-azido-galactosyl chloride donor with two acceptors, Fmoc-Ser/Thr-O<sup>t</sup>Bu, respectively, for the large-scale synthesis of the two important intermediates, α-GalN<sub>3</sub>–Fmoc-Ser/Thr-O<sup>t</sup>Bu, which can be further utilized for the large-scale synthesis of core 2 containing glyco-amino acids. The two intermediates, α-GalN<sub>3</sub>–Fmoc-Ser/Thr-O<sup>t</sup>Bu, were utilized for synthesizing core 2 containing Fmoc-Ser/Thr-COOH. The synthesis of core 2 containing Fmoc-Ser-COOH was achieved on a 1.95 g scale, while the synthesis of core 2 containing Fmoc-Thr-COOH was achieved on a 0.38 g scale. Additionally, the synthesis of the 2-azido-galactosyl chloride donor was optimized into a three-step process with only one column chromatography purification. Finally, core 2 containing Fmoc-Ser/Thr-COOH were applied for the synthesis of glycosylated CCR1 and CCR5 N-terminal peptides.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"12 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria C. Ujah, Deyaa I. AbuSalim, Timothy D. Lash
{"title":"Synthesis, Protonation and Aromatic Characteristics of a Series of 1,10-Phenanthroline-Fused Porphyrinoids","authors":"Victoria C. Ujah, Deyaa I. AbuSalim, Timothy D. Lash","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c01511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c01511","url":null,"abstract":"A series of porphyrin analogues with fused 1,10-phenanthroline units were synthesized. The proton NMR spectra for phenanthroline-fused heteroporphyrins showed significantly upfield shifted <i>meso</i>-proton resonances compared to related porphyrinoid systems and the peaks corresponding to alkyl substituents directly attached to these macrocycles were also observed further upfield. These results indicate that the presence of the phenanthroline unit leads to reduced diatropicity, but the internal NH resonance was also further upfield, a result that is inconsistent with this interpretation. A phenanthrene-fused carbaporphyrin gave an unexpectedly upfield singlet for the internal C–H at nearly −9 ppm, while the NH protons appeared at −6.8 ppm. These unusual chemical shifts again imply enhanced diatropicity but the reduced downfield shifts for the external protons indicates that the aromatic ring current has been significantly reduced. Similar results were obtained for phenanthroline-fused oxybenzi- and oxypyriporphyrins. Detailed analyses of the spectroscopic properties for these systems are reported and protonation studies were conducted. The conjugation pathways and aromatic properties were computationally analyzed using nucleus independent chemical shifts (NICS) and anisotropy of induced current density plots.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bifunctional Sodium Dithionite Promoted Radical-Polar Crossover Cyclization: Diversified Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclic Sultines","authors":"Cheng-Jing Li, Meng-Yu Liu, Zhong-Lin Wei, Wei-Wei Liao","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.4c02606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.4c02606","url":null,"abstract":"A catalyst-free reductive radical-polar crossover cyclization with alkenes and sodium dithionite to construct densely functionalized cyclic sultines was described. The key to the success of this practical protocol relies not only on a bifunctional role of sodium dithionite, that is, serving as radical initiator and SO<sub>2</sub> source, but also on the diversified conversions (RPCC/SO<sub>2</sub> insertion/S<sub>N</sub>2 cyclization and RPCC/SO<sub>2</sub> insertion/1,4-addition cyclization processes), which enabled efficient construction of target compounds with the high efficiency and atom- and step-economy under mild conditions.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}