Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Repurposing the antimalarial chloroquine: a potential therapy for hepatic injury in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion by modulating apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress","authors":"Miar M. Sherif,&nbsp;Hanan S. El-Abhar,&nbsp;Hala M. Fawzy,&nbsp;Amany M. Gad,&nbsp;Dalaal M. Abdallah","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00781-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00781-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Besides its local injurious effect, hindlimb hypoxia/reperfusion (HL-H/R) can escalate leading to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.</p><h3>Purpose of the study</h3><p>This study explores chloroquine’s therapeutic potential in protecting liver tissue from collateral damage caused by HL-H/R, focusing on its effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis.</p><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>Male Wistar rats were apportioned into three distinct groups, control, HL-H/R model (90 min/8 days), and HL-H/R + chloroquine (7 days). Western blot, ELISA, immunohistochemical, and histopathology techniques revealed that post-administration of chloroquine caused an upturn in liver architecture and function. The antimalarial drug also abated the hepatic content of the surrogate inflammatory marker TNF-α and downregulated the protein expression of <i>p</i>-MAPK p38. This was allied with a reduction in NF-κB p65 the transcription factor but increased the anti-inflammatory marker interleukin (IL)-10. Moreover, chloroquine amended the interrupted redox balance by reducing the HL-H/R induced increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Chloroquine leveled off hepatic levels of the lipid peroxide marker MDA, the DNA damage parameter 8-OHdG, as well as NO while enhancing the antioxidant capacity by increasing TAC. These beneficial effects entailed the inhibition of apoptotic cell demise by enhancing the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 and reducing the apoptotic markers Bax and caspase-3. Finally, chloroquine succeeded in curbing the autophagy process where it decreased Beclin-1 and LC3-II, two autophagosome markers, along with the lysosomal parameter cathepsin-D.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>To recapitulate, chloroquine post-administration improved the injurious remote actions of HL-H/R on the liver by its anti-inflammatory (MAPK p38/NF-κB p65/TNF-α, IL-10) and antioxidant (MDA, 8-OHdG, NO, TAC) properties as well as halting the autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3-II, cathepsin-D) and apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3)-mediated hepatic death to improve liver function (ALT, AST) and structure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00781-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the anti-senescence effects and related mechanisms of flavonoid extracts from the buds of Wikstroemia chamaedaphne Meisn on D-galactose-induced PC12 cells based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics","authors":"Xiu-Ying Zhao,&nbsp;Wen-Qian Liu,&nbsp;Li-Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Shi-Fei Li","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00784-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00784-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Natural products are an important source of drugs or lead compounds for the treatment of senescence. The buds of <i>Wikstroemia chamaedaphne</i> Meisn are a traditional Chinese medicine to cure edema, schizophrenia and epilepsy. A flavonoid extract of <i>W. chamaedaphne</i> (FEW) was prepared from the methanolic extract of <i>W. chamaedaphne</i> by our group previously, which was including eight flavonoids with a content of (55.19 ± 0.32) %. In this study, the anti-senescence effects and related mechanisms of FEW on D-galactose-induced PC12 cells were investigated for the first time.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>High doses of D-galactose could induce PC12 cell senescence, whereas FEW could delay PC12 cell senescence by decreasing SA-β-gal positivity, increasing SOD activity, reducing MDA levels, improving cell morphology, inhibiting cell cycle arrest and down-regulating the expression of senescence-related proteins P16, P21 and P53. Subsequently, potential mechanisms underlying anti-senescence effects of FEW were elucidated through integration of network pharmacology and transcriptomics. The main signaling pathways involved by FEW were found to be cancer signaling pathway, FOXO signaling pathway, PI3k–Akt signaling pathway, AGE–RAGE signaling pathway, protein digestion and uptake, etc. The anti-senescence effects of FEW may be related to the PI3k–Akt signaling pathway as revealed by western blot experiments.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study revealed that FEW has anti-senescence effects. This may suggest that FEW acts as an anti-senescence agent for age-related neurological diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00784-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NeuroAid™-II (MLC901) provides neuroprotection and enhances neuronal cell survival against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity in vitro by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway","authors":"Anam Anjum,&nbsp;Muhammad Dain Yazid,&nbsp;Muhammad Fauzi Daud,&nbsp;Jalilah Idris,&nbsp;Angela Min Hwei Ng,&nbsp;Amaramalar Selvi Naicker,&nbsp;Ohnmar Htwe Ismail,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar Athi Kumar,&nbsp;Yogeswaran Lokanathan","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00782-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00782-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the twenty-first century, in vitro models of excitotoxic injury, leveraging advanced cellular and molecular technologies, offer a promising alternative to animal studies. These models provide a more precise understanding of injury mechanisms. Method: This study utilizes kainic acid (KA), a potent glutamate receptor agonist, to induce excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in motor neuron (MN) degeneration. Mature, differentiated NSC-34 MNs were exposed to different concentrations of KA (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mM) to induce neurodegeneration and apoptosis. Following KA treatment, cells were either treated with MLC901 (NeuroAiD™ II) or left untreated. The effects were assessed through cell viability assays, immunocytochemistry with antibiotic staining, and analysis of key markers in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. KA exposure resulted in significant neurodegeneration and apoptosis, as indicated by a reduction in cell viability, a decrease in Tubulin beta-III expression, and downregulation of regenerative markers, including AKT, p-AKT, and GAP43. Additionally, the apoptotic marker p-GSK3β was upregulated in KA-treated cells. In contrast, MLC901 treatment alleviated these detrimental effects. MLC901 restored Tubulin beta-III expression and reversed the downregulation of PI3K/AKT signaling markers (AKT, p-AKT, GAP43). Furthermore, MLC901 treatment led to a reduction in the apoptotic marker p-GSK3β. This study demonstrates that KA induces necrotic and apoptotic cell damage, mimicking secondary injury mechanisms typical of neurodegenerative diseases. MLC901 shows promise as a neuroprotective agent, counteracting KA-induced excitotoxicity and highlighting its potential therapeutic application in neuroprotection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00782-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UPLC-ESI–MS/MS phytochemical profile, in vitro, in vivo, and in silico anti-Alzheimer’s activity assessment of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. leaves","authors":"Alaa A. Elhewehy,&nbsp;Ahlam M. El-fishawy,&nbsp;Ahmed A. El-Rashedy,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Fayez,&nbsp;Marwa A. A. Fayed,&nbsp;Engy Mohsen","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00776-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00776-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Alzheimer's (AD) is a neurological disorder that worsens the quality of life and raises the need for caretakers with no available curative medication for the illness. Therefore, there is a growing concern about the use of herbal medicine, as it is cost-effective, has minimal side effects, and could slow AD progression and enhance patients' quality of life, making it a viable adjuvant therapy. <i>Pithecellobium dulce</i> (Roxb.) Benth F. Leguminosae is widely consumed in several countries to treat various illnesses. This study used in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies to investigate the potential use of <i>P. dulce</i> leaves' methanolic extract in treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The in vitro study showed that the extract inhibited 77% of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and the IC₅₀ value was 19.23 ± 1.02 µg/ml. The in vivo study of scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's confirmed the result by significantly inhibiting AChE, dopamine, noradrenaline, and malondialdehyde levels and increasing acetylcholine, and glutathione levels. A phytochemical analysis of the leaves methanolic extract using UPLC-ESI–MS/MS revealed 67 compounds of different chemical classes, 22 flavonoids, 17 phenolic and organic acids, 8 fatty acids, 3 sterols, 6 amino acids and alkaloids, 5 coumarins, and 2 anthraquinones, 1 sugar, 1 lignin, 1 terpene, and 1 hydrocarbon. It was found that 5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-pentahydroxy-3, 6, 8-tri-methoxy flavone had the strongest binding affinity for AChE (− 18.8 kcal/mol). Different computational modeling methods were employed, including principal component analysis, ligand-residue interaction, dynamics cross-correlation matrices analysis, and thermodynamics calculation. The binding of 5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-pentahydroxy-3, 6, 8-tri-methoxy flavone to ACh protein decreased the fluctuation and influenced the ligand optimum orientation on the AChE protein conformational space. Additionally, the drug binding energy of AChE and the residue correlation in the 5, 7, 3′, 4′, 5′-pentahydroxy-3, 6, 8-tri-methoxy flavone-AChE system was increased.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The <i>P. dulce</i> extract contains secondary metabolites that could promisingly be a safe and effective natural treatment for Alzheimer's complications through the antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase, dopamine, and noradrenaline inhibition activities and also by increasing the acetylcholine level in the brain.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00776-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A short-term cross-sectional retrospective study on procalcitonin as a diagnostic aid for various infectious diseases","authors":"D Kiran Khanna,&nbsp;K M Divya Jayalakshmi,&nbsp;D Arun,&nbsp;S Jayavardhini,&nbsp;S Hemanth Karthikaa,&nbsp;S Sumetha,&nbsp;Karthik Thiyagarajan","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00773-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00773-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Procalcitonin (PCT) was first described in the early 1960s as a precursor of calcitonin that is synthesized mainly in the thyroid and lung tissues. It is an immediate biosynthetic product in response to bacterial toxins and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn makes it a distinctive biomarker for bacterial infections. The present analysis deals with the study on the biochemical characteristics, production pathways, and clinical uses of PCT as a diagnostic tool.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>During March and June 2024, a cross-sectional study was performed, among 357 patients with the proper characteristics who were admitted to the hospital and got their PCT levels, there were those who had respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and systemic infections. The exclusion criteria were the hospital stay of less than 24 h and a few noninfectious diseases.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The higher PCT levels (&gt; 0.5 ng/mL) reliably informed about the presence of bacterial infections like pneumonia, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. PCT levels demonstrated trivial increase in viral as well as fungal infections. The study ratified the significant relationship between PCT levels and the severity of bacterial infections, thus backing its usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment control.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Procalcitonin is increasingly emerging as a trustworthy biomarker for bacterial infections, thus helping in the early diagnosis, guiding targeted antibiotic therapy, and reducing inappropriate antibiotic use. Its high specificity for bacterial etiology has largely contributed to the success and potency of antibiotic stewardship programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00773-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the quality by design (QbD) approach to the development and validation of analytical methods for the quantification of Lumateperone Tosylate as the bulk drug and capsule dosage form by HPLC","authors":"Vasudha S. Bavadekar,&nbsp;Angha M. Joshi,&nbsp;Ujwala S. Desai","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00779-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00779-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The current studies involve the development of a liquid chromatographic method that is highly effective (HPLC) for the Lumateperone Tosylate method that is simple, rapid, accurate, precise, and economical, all made possible by analytical quality by design (AQbD). The HPLC method’s experimental settings were multivariately optimised by using the design of experiments to determine critical method parameters, and the Ishikawa diagram was used for risk assessment. A two-factor, three-level design was used for the factor screening investigations. Mathematical models were created using two independent factors: the buffer’s pH and the composition of the mobile phase. The response surface methodology and the impacts of these independent aspects were thoroughly examined using central composite design, which allowed for the evaluation of the critical method attributes (CMAs). The parameters of method robustness include retention time, peak area, and symmetry factor. Utilising the desirability function, the optimisation of the CMAs took place at the same time.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>According to the contour diagram’s optimised data, 10 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH = 3.2): acetonitrile (80:20 v/v) was selected as a mobile phase with a 1 mL/min flow rate. A Zorbax SB C18 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ chromatographic column with a UV detector at 230 nm was used and oven temperature was maintained at 25 °C. Lumateperone Tosylate showed linearity in the concentration range of 25–250 µg/mL (r² = 0.9921). % RSD for interday and intraday precision was found to be 0.25–0.52 and 0.12–0.32, respectively. The % assay of drug content was found to be 100.01 ± 0.06, and accuracy was found to be 100.30–100.65%. In compliance with ICH recommendations, the optimised assay conditions were validated.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Therefore, it was clearly shown from the results that the AQbD methodology could be effectively used to optimise the HPLC method for Lumateperone Tosylate analysis. The technique was used to assess the Lumateperone Tosylate content in capsules as well.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00779-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Icariin zeinmersomes display enhanced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in colon cancer cells","authors":"Mohammed Z. Nasrullah,&nbsp;Osama M. Ashour,&nbsp;Nabil A. Alhakamy,&nbsp;Lenah S. Binmahfouz,&nbsp;Rawan H. Hareeri,&nbsp;Faisal Alsenani,&nbsp;Hussam I. Kutbi,&nbsp;Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00780-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00780-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of zeinmersomes (ZMS)-based nano-formulation to enhance icariin (ICA) cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells. The prepared ICA-ZMS was characterized with respect to particle size, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>ICA-ZMS showed higher cytotoxicity in HCT-116 cells compared to HT-29 and Caco-2 cells with almost no cytotoxicity in normal HCoEpC colon cells. In this regard, ICA-ZMS exhibited potentiated cytotoxicity as compared to ICA-raw. In HCT-116 cells, ICA loaded on ZMS exhibited better cellular penetration compared to ICA-raw. The accumulation of HCT-116 in the S phase was identified using cell cycle analysis. Annexin V staining highlighted a potent pro-apoptotic activity of the prepared ICA-ZMS. This with confirmed by the observed up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA expression. Further, mRNA expression of p53, cytochrome C, and caspase-3 was significantly increased by exposing cells to ICA-ZMS. This was associated with a detectable decline in mitochondrial membrane potential. These data were confirmed by the ability of ICA-ZMS to significantly enhance the life span of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study suggests that the loading of ICA on ZMS nanoparticles enhances its cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities. This involves modulation of p53-dependent mitochondrial signaling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00780-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin inhibits steroid-induced hypergluconeogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Victor Arokia Doss,&nbsp;Gowtham Subramaniam,&nbsp;Keerthana Manoharan","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00777-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00777-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Steroid-induced hypergluconeogenesis is a significant contributor to hyperglycemia, often complicating the therapeutic use of steroids. This study investigates the potential of quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, to mitigate steroid-induced hypergluconeogenesis in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>. The levels of glucose, total proteins, free amino acids, pyruvate, lactate and antioxidants were assessed in the quercetin-treated yeast cells induced with betamethasone at different time intervals. The glucose uptake potential of yeast cells treated with quercetin was also studied and also the effect of steroids and quercetin on cell viability was analyzed.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results show that quercetin effectively reduces gluconeogenesis by normalizing the levels of metabolites involved in the process and alleviates the hyperglycemic effects associated with steroid exposure. Quercetin-treated yeast cells also demonstrated a better uptake of glucose. Additionally, quercetin was found to improve the overall cell viability highlighting its role in modulating glucose metabolism.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These outcomes suggest that quercetin can serve as a promising adjunct therapy for managing steroid-induced metabolic disturbances, providing a natural and effective approach to counteracting steroid-induced hyperglycemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00777-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability indicating RP-UPLC determination of three antiviral agents: emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine in combined pharmaceutical dosage form","authors":"Vinutha Kommineni,&nbsp;Spoorthi Pohar,&nbsp;N. Sri Lakshmi,&nbsp;N. Swarna Latha","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00765-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00765-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The concurrent measurement of emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine was achieved using UPLC, employing Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) principles, which encompass response surface methodology (RSM) and Box–Behnken design (BBD). This approach offers a systematic and efficient method for improving analytical procedures and ensuring reliable results.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Analyte separation was accomplished using an Endoversil C 18 (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm) column as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 80% orthophosphoric acid (0.1%) and 20% acetonitrile, with a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min and a column temperature of 30 °C. A photodiode array detector was used for detection at 270 nm. The peak area response-concentration curve exhibited linearity across ranges of 50–250 µg/ml (emtricitabine), 100–500 µg/ml (tenofovir), and 10–50 µg/ml (rilpivirine). Quantitation limits were determined to be 0.099 µg/ml (emtricitabine), 0.165 µg/ml (tenofovir), and 0.066 µg/ml (rilpivirine). The method was successfully validated for the simultaneous determination of emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine in combined tablet dosage form. Percentage recoveries were 99.89%, 99.52%, and 100.20%, with relative standard deviations of 0.415%, 0.268%, and 0.559% for emtricitabine, tenofovir, and rilpivirine, respectively.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The performance of the proposed method was evaluated against reported RP-UPLC methods and found to be rapid and cost-effective. The developed and validated stability indicating RP-UPLC method proved suitable for quality control and drug analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00765-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lentinula edodes mycelia extract abrogates chemotherapy-evoked cold and mechanical allodynia in mice","authors":"Masanobu Tsubaki,&nbsp;Natsuki Kato,&nbsp;Keisuke Tateishi,&nbsp;Kengo Yoshida,&nbsp;Taira Matsuo,&nbsp;Rie Komori,&nbsp;Toshio Morikawa,&nbsp;Shozo Nishida","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00778-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00778-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a detrimental outcome of various antineoplastic drugs, such as paclitaxel (PTX), vincristine (VCR), oxaliplatin (L-OHP), and bortezomib (BOR). CIPN results in pain and disability, thereby reducing quality of life and discontinuation of chemotherapy. Currently, the only effective treatment for CIPN is using duloxetine. Therefore, development of new treatments is necessary. Extract of <i>Lentinula edodes mycelia</i> (LEM) improves the quality of life for individuals undergoing chemotherapy treatment. As treatment with LEM may attenuate CIPN after chemotherapy, this study was conducted to determine whether treatment with LEM abrogates L-OHP-, PTX-, VCR-, and BOR-evoked cold and mechanical allodynia in mice.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that LEM exhibits protective effects against cold and mechanical allodynia in mice treated with L-OHP, PTX, VCR, or BOR. We also found that the administration of L-OHP, PTX, VCR, and BOR elevated mRNA expression of Cav3.2, Cav3.3, and NR2A in the DRG of mice, whereas treatment with LEM abrogated L-OHP-, PTX-, VCR-, and BOR-induced Cav3.2 and NR2A mRNA expression. In addition, LEM treatment abrogated L-OHP-, PTX-, VCR-, and BOR-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the DRG and spinal cord of mice. Furthermore, treatment with LEM reversed symptoms in mice that developed cold and mechanical allodynia after receiving L-OHP, PTX, VCR, or BOR.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These findings suggest that the attenuation of expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2, Cav3.2, and NR2A upon LEM treatment may be an effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against L-OHP-, PTX-, VCR-, and BOR-induced cold and mechanical allodynia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00778-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}