Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Stability-indicating UPLC method for quantification of alpelisib in bulk and tablet formulation by QbD approach","authors":"Tandrima Majumder,&nbsp;Shiva Kumar Gubbiyappa,&nbsp;Padmini Iriventi","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00802-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00802-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the present study, a new and sensitive UPLC method for stability-indicating study has been established and validated as per the ICH guidelines. To date, no work has been reported on the forced degradation studies of alpelisib using the UPLC technique. Box–Behnken design was used to study the response surface for method optimisation to achieve a good separation with a minimum number of experimental trials. Three independent parameters selected were mobile phase ratio, flow rate of the mobile phase and temperature of the column. Retention time and tailing factor were taken as two responses to obtain mathematical models.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The chromatography was executed using Waters BEH C₁₈ UPLC column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7micron) at wavelength detection of 246 nm. The optimised assay conditions predicted were isocratic mobile solvent system using 0.1% formic acid buffer solution and acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 (V/V), with a flow rate of 0.25 mL per min and injection volume of 4 µL. The method has shown a good response with a total run time of 4 min, retention time was found to be 1.49 min and tailing factor was 0.99 for alpelisib, showing good peak symmetry. The linearity of the method developed is at a range of 10–50 µg/mL with R² 0.9955, while the percentage mean recovery for accuracy was of 99.25%. The method developed was precise as % RSD of inter-day and intra-day precision was 0.3 and 0.1, respectively, meeting the specified limits.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The developed UPLC work is quick and simple with an increased level of linearity, precision, specificity and accuracy as per the ICH criteria and can find application in industries as a regular method for quantification of alpelisib.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00802-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current perspectives on malnutrition and immunomodulators bridging nutritional deficiencies and immune health","authors":"Ashish Majumdar,&nbsp;Surendra Kumar Saraf,&nbsp;Chandrashekhar Sahu,&nbsp;Khushboo Verma,&nbsp;Priyanka Vishwakarma","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00804-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00804-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Malnutrition is still one of the most serious and prevalent worldwide health problems, especially found in low- and middle-income countries, which impairs immune functions and increases susceptibility to infection. This study investigates the complex association between malnutrition and immune dysfunction, and the role of immunomodulators in restoring immune function. This study analyzes the different types of malnutrition, including protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, and their consequences to the immune system through inhibited cytokine and immune cell production.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>Immunomodulators, which include natural agents such as phytochemicals and probiotics, as well as synthetic agents, may help reduce immune dysfunction related to starvation. This article categorizes these agents and discusses their mechanisms of action, including their role in regulating inflammatory pathways, increasing the generation of immune cells, and augmenting global immune response. In addition, therapeutic approaches utilizing immunomodulation in conjunction with nutritional therapies, such as micronutrient supplementation (vitamins A, C, D and zinc) or natural immunomodulators, to improve inflammatory and gastroenterological disease states are discussed. Case reports and recent studies are provided that provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of immunomodulation and nutritional therapy to improve clinical outcomes in vulnerable populations.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While there is a promise for immunomodulators, there are safety, long-term efficacy, and ethical issues to address before they could widely be employed. Each step of the research calls for applied, working example of immunomodulatory medicine that could be tailored to health programs internationally. The research highlights the vital role of immunomodulators in the treatment of malnutrition and encourages holistic approaches to improve immunological health worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00804-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of Spondias mombin leaf extracts against aluminum chloride-induced brain oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats","authors":"Aanuoluwapo R. Adetuyi,&nbsp;Sule O. Salawu,&nbsp;Afolabi C. Akinmoladun,&nbsp;Afolabi A. Akindahunsi","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00803-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00803-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Aluminum is recognized for its toxicity in humans and animals. This study investigates the protective effects of <i>Spondias mombin</i> leaf extracts against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into nine groups, receiving 100 mg/kg AlCl₃ for 3 weeks, followed by a 2-week treatment with <i>Spondias mombin</i> leaf extract (SME) or its fraction (SMF) at 100 and 200 mg/kg. Brain tissues were analyzed using biochemical, molecular, and histopathological techniques.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of tannins, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids and steroids, while HPLC analysis identified kaempferol and other polyphenols, in the <i>Spondias mombin</i> extracts. Aluminum exposure led to increased oxidative and inflammatory damage in brain tissue as revealed by decreased glutathione concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activities, along with elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Caspase-3, and BCL2 associated X (Bax) levels were also increased in AlCl₃-exposed rats. Both SME and SMF mitigated AlCl₃-induced redox imbalance, proinflammatory events, and neuronal cell death by enhancing levels of reduced glutathione and antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, and preserving hippocampal formation and neuronal cell organization.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of <i>Spondias mombin</i> leaf extracts against aluminum-induced neurotoxic effects through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00803-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on the possible ameliorative effects of imatinib and ibudilast in a rat model of multiple sclerosis","authors":"Monica Gamal Fawzy,&nbsp;Mohsen Sami Selim,&nbsp;Omayma Anwar Khorshid,&nbsp;Laila Ahmed Rashed,&nbsp;Miran Atif Elkordy,&nbsp;Noha Samir Abdel Latif","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00801-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00801-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This is an experimental comparative study of the ameliorative effects of imatinib and ibudilast in multiple sclerosis induced in rats by cuprizone. Forty healthy adult male rats were used and divided into five groups: normal control, solvent control, multiple sclerosis model, imatinib- and ibudilast-treated groups. To detect behavioural changes, hang wire test was done for motor assessment, Morris water maze test was done to assess long-term memory, and Y-maze test was done to assess short-term memory. The tests were done on the last day of the experiment. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed, and brains were extracted. From the brain samples, the right hemispheres were used for measurement of biochemical parameters from brain homogenates. While the left hemispheres were used for pathological and immunohistochemical examination.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Treated groups showed improvement whereas ibudilast showed improvement in the behavioural tests, MAPK, IL-17, TNF-α and histopathological examination. While imatinib showed improvement in NFκB, MBP, SOD and nitric oxide.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Both imatinib and ibudilast had neuroprotective role in multiple sclerosis; however, ibudilast showed better results in improving neurological manifestations, biochemical and pathological parameters. This sets ibudilast as a promising drug to help slow down the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00801-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic applications of ursolic acid: a comprehensive review and utilization of predictive tools","authors":"Sherien M. Bakry,&nbsp;Riham A. El-Shiekh,&nbsp;Shymaa Hatem,&nbsp;Asmaa A. Mandour,&nbsp;Ahmed M. El-Dessouki,&nbsp;Abeer Bishr,&nbsp;Heba Elosaily,&nbsp;Ahmed F. Mohamed,&nbsp;Shaza M. Elhusseiny","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00796-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00796-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by a range of metabolic and reproductive complications, including insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and menstrual irregularities. The complexity of PCOS necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies that extend beyond conventional pharmacological treatments.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in various plants, has gained significant attention for its diverse pharmacological properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective activities. Additionally, the integration of predictive tools, such as artificial intelligence and bioinformatics databases like STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes), allows for the identification of key protein targets and pathways influenced by UA, including TP53 (Tumor Protein P53), AR (Androgen Receptor), ESR1 (Estrogen Receptor 1), BCL2 (B-cell Lymphoma 2), STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3), and IL6 (Interleukin 6). These pathways are crucial for inflammatory regulation and have been linked to the symptoms of PCOS. Further in silico studies were conducted to validate these findings, highlighting the need for additional preclinical and clinical research.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Comprehensive guidelines for the effective use of UA in managing PCOS are warranted to ensure optimal treatment strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00796-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights from herb interactions studies: a foundational report for integrative medicine","authors":"Noha M. Gamil,&nbsp;Habiba A. Elsayed,&nbsp;Reem M. Hamed,&nbsp;Esraa T. Salah,&nbsp;Amira M. Ahmed,&nbsp;Heba A. Mostafa,&nbsp;Riham A. El-Shiekh,&nbsp;Dina Abou-Hussein","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00794-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00794-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>As the use of herbal therapies alongside conventional medications continues to rise, understanding the complexities of these interactions becomes essential for ensuring patient safety and optimizing therapeutic outcomes.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>Herbal remedies, sometimes referred to as phytotherapy or herbalism, use plants and plant extracts for medicinal purposes. Various plant parts, such as leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds, are used in herbal medicines to cure illnesses and enhance health. They can be applied topically or taken as tinctures, extracts, teas, or capsules. Although using herbal treatments can have therapeutic benefits, it is important to be aware of any possible interactions. When two or more herbal products are taken together, there may be interactions between them that change their effects, intensify their side effects, or reduce their efficacy. Before using herbal medicines, it is crucial to speak with your doctor because they may have side effects and interfere with prescription drugs. The possible effects that herbs may have on prescription drugs when taken combined are referred to as herb–drug interactions.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These interactions may result in unexpected health outcomes, an increase in adverse effects, or modifications in the effectiveness of the medication. Herbs can also affect absorption and metabolism of food. Different countries have different laws governing herbal products. They may be subject to more strict regulations in some countries, while in others they are regarded as dietary supplement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00794-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting multi-drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens: antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and metabolic profiling of selected Cameroonian plants","authors":"Branly-natalien Nguena-dongue,&nbsp;Elisabeth Zeuko‘o Menkem,&nbsp;Paul Keilah Lunga,&nbsp;Stella Tofac Asong,&nbsp;Ayodeji Amobonye,&nbsp;Santhosh Pillai","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00799-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00799-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Different parts of <i>Allanblackia floribunda, Calotropis procera, Hymenocardia acida, Irvingia gabonensis, Newbouldia laevis</i>, and <i>Xylopia acutiflora</i> have been used traditionally across different parts of Cameroon to overcome infectious diseases, especially pneumonia. Hence, this study investigated the antibacterial potential of six Cameroonian medicinal plants against selected ESKAPE pathogens (<i>Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa)</i> as well as <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>.</p><h3>Methodology</h3><p>The inhibitory activities of different extracts from six Cameroonian plants against the pathogens were evaluated by determining their MICs. Subsequently, the top four bioactive plant extracts were assessed for antibiofilm activity, time-kill kinetics, cytotoxicity (Raw and Vero cell lines), as well as antioxidant activities. Finally, the effect of the most potent extract, viz. ethanolic extract of <i>Xylopia acutiflora</i> steam bark, on bacterial morphology was elucidated through scanning electron microscopy while its phytochemical composition was profiled using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-two out of the 32 prepared extracts showed significant antibacterial activity, with MICs varying from 31.5 to 1000 µg/mL. The ethanolic, methanolic, and hydroethanolic extracts from <i>Xylopia acutifolia</i> and ethanolic extract from <i>Colotropix procera</i> exhibited broad-spectrum activity, inhibiting and eradicating bacterial biofilm. Furthermore, the extract from <i>X. acutifolia</i> was shown to be the most effective scavenger against DPPH (IC₅₀; 83.79 ± 1.92 µg/mL) and FRAP (IC₅₀; 22.89 ± 1.36 µg/mL) radicals, while <i>C. procera</i> extract was the most effective against ABTS (IC₅₀; 67.95 ± 1.83 µg/mL). The extracts were demonstrated to possess low cytotoxicity on both Raw and Vero cell lines. In addition, SEM revealed that <i>X. acutifolia</i> elicited cell membrane rupture and consequently cytoplasm leakage in <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa.</i> Twenty-four different compounds were detected in the <i>X. acutifolia</i> extract via LC–MS analysis, and it was hypothesized that the recorded bioactivity in the extract might be ascribed to these compounds.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Results from this study have scientifically validated the ethnomedicinal uses of the six Cameroonian plants as therapeutics for infections with <i>X. acutiflora</i> ethanolic extract displaying the highest bioactivity. Thus, there is the need for further investigations into phytochemicals from these plants as they could serve as important sources of novel antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00799-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential effect of scoparone in autophagic disruption associated with PCOS in Letrozole rat model: role of Nrf2 and Sirt1/LKB1/AMPK signaling","authors":"Ahmed S. Kamel,&nbsp;Nesrine S. El Sayed,&nbsp;Barbara Budzyńska,&nbsp;Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak,&nbsp;Sarah S. El-Sayed","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00800-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00800-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an inflammatory autophagy-deficient disorder with downregulated Nrf2. Scoparone (SCPN), a natural compound from Chinese medicine, directly activates Nrf2 and clinically showed promises in treating inflammatory disorders. Studies reported SCPN’s ability to induce autophagy; yet no study tested SCPN’s ability in correcting disturbed autophagy in PCOS. The present research aim was to examine SCPN’s influence on PCOS-associated autophagic disturbances.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>PCO was induced by Letrozole (1 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 days and SCPN (12.5 mg/kg, i.p.) either alone or in parallel with an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyl adenine, for 7 days.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining revealed reduced ovarian cysts with mature follicles recovery with SCPN. The immunolabeled ovarian tissues demonstrated that SCPN increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression together with autophagic markers Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), and autophagy enzyme 7 while decreasing P62. This signaling activation may be interpreted by autophagic signals upregulation; Sirtuin 1/liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase (Sirt1/LKB1/AMPK). A downregulation of inflammatory mediators, viz. tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and p65-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in PCOS ovaries, is associated by restoration of estradiol and FSH/LH balance. Concomitantly, SCPN abrogated testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone levels besides insulin resistance and leptin levels.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The current study showed mutual link between Nrf2 and autophagic pathway. SCPN showed anti-inflammatory character with autophagic improvement in PCOS may be through Nrf2 activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00800-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luteolin mitigates doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity: modulating the liver–brain axis via IRE1α/GRP78/ATF6 endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and miRNA-199a-5p expression","authors":"Rasha D. Abdrabou,&nbsp;Rania M. Salama,&nbsp;Reem N. El-Naga,&nbsp;Samar S. Azab","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00793-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00793-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Doxorubicin (DOX) has long been a foundational drug in cancer therapeutics. Despite its proven efficacy, the persistent challenge of mitigating its associated side effects, notably hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity, underscores the necessity for intervention. Luteolin (LUT) is a naturally derived flavonoid with a spectrum of bioactive characteristics, involving anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer attributes. This study investigates the possible protective effect of LUT against DOX-induced hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity, focusing on its modulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways and miRNA 199a- 5p expression. Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to six groups: control, LUT (200 mg/kg), DOX (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) administered twice per week for 3 weeks, and three treatment groups that received daily oral gavage of LUT at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 3 weeks alongside DOX.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Behavioral assessments revealed the best improvements in rats co-treated with LUT high dose (200 mg/kg), paralleled by the mitigation of neurodegeneration in the cortex and hippocampal areas of the brain. The hepatoprotective effect of LUT (200 mg/kg) demonstrated a notable decrease in liver enzymes and restoration of hepatocytic architecture, coupled with upregulation of miRNA-199a-5p and suppression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). LUT inhibited ER stress via suppressing the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α)/protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) axes, thereby inhibiting apoptosis.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>LUT 200 mg/kg is efficacious in alleviating DOX-induced hepatic injury and neurotoxicity via dampening ER stress pathways.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00793-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive role of rottlerin in endotoxin-induced uveitic glaucoma in rats","authors":"Nidhi Kumari,&nbsp;Ashmita Das,&nbsp;Nirdesh Kumar,&nbsp;Geeta Singh,&nbsp;Urvashi Jain,&nbsp;Amrita Singh,&nbsp;Surendra H. Bodakhe","doi":"10.1186/s43094-025-00798-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43094-025-00798-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rottlerin is a natural polyphenolic compound obtained from dried ripe fruits of <i>Mallotus philippinensis</i> and is primarily used as a PKCδ inhibitor. The effectiveness of rottlerin was checked in the endotoxin-induced glaucoma models, focusing on its impact on intraocular pressure, inflammation, and optic nerve protection. For this study, both pure and extracted rottlerin were used. Extracted rottlerin was characterised by determining its melting point, conducting gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and measuring its wavelength and retardation factor. The acute toxicity study was carried out using Organization for Economic Co-operation and development guideline 405 (acute eye irritation test).</p><h3>Result</h3><p>Pure and extracted rottlerin showed decreased intraocular pressure and reduced inflammation, lenticular opacity, and retinal damage. These results are attributed to an increase in antioxidant levels, maintenance of lipid peroxidation, enzyme level (Na⁺ ATPase, K⁺ ATPase), ionic balance (Na⁺, K⁺), and a decrease in the level of nitric oxide.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Rottlerin (pure) as well as rottlerin (extracted) has demonstrated potential in managing uveitic glaucoma. Its multifaceted mechanisms not only target inflammation and oxidative stress but also promote tissue regeneration and slow disease progression. This makes rottlerin a promising candidate for further clinical research as a potential treatment for uveitic glaucoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":577,"journal":{"name":"Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://fjps.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43094-025-00798-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}