老年问题研究(英文)最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Well-Being, Spirituality, and Religiosity for Successful Aging in Late Life: A Brief Review","authors":"D. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.4236/aar.2020.92003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2020.92003","url":null,"abstract":"Much \u0000research has highlighted the aging process as a global, multi-faceted issue, \u0000focusing on modifiable factors that can improve physical health and \u0000psychosocial well-being in late life. This is particularly true for both \u0000developed and developing countries, which are likely to face long-term issues \u0000in health and psychosocial care as the aging of their population increases. \u0000Within the theoretical framework of successful aging and developmental psychology, \u0000this paper aims to review recent advances in our knowledge of middle and \u0000late-life well-being in order to better understand the role of well-being and \u0000spirituality/religiosity across adulthood. The results of the selected studies \u0000allow us to conclude that subjective, hedonic, and eudemonic well-being and \u0000religious practices are significant determinants shaping the overall \u0000psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and social functioning of the \u0000older population. Limitations and implications of the study will also be \u0000discussed.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45623627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Adaptive Clothing in Hong Kong: Demands, Analysis and Future Direction","authors":"J. Yeung, P. Hui","doi":"10.4236/aar.2020.91001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2020.91001","url":null,"abstract":"Aging \u0000population is substantively increased over last decade and they have specific \u0000clothing needs especially for the elderly with disabilities. Their clothing needs \u0000to cover functional and aesthetic requirements in order to improve their \u0000quality of life. Adaptive clothing is specially designed for the elderly and \u0000the disabled. However, there is no public policy to support such the elderly with disabilities \u0000in their clothing needs. In this paper, we aim to study the adaptive clothing \u0000and its significance, the problems encountered by the elderly with disabilities \u0000in adaptive clothing, analysis of public policy in Hong Kong for the elderly \u0000with disabilities in adaptive clothing over last decade, and implications and \u0000future directions for adaptive clothing in Hong Kong. In our findings, the demand \u0000of adaptive clothing in Hong Kong was substantially increased over last decade \u0000and the predicted demand will be twice of current demand after 50 years. However, \u0000the Government policy in Hong Kong has not yet fully supported their clothing \u0000needs, and the non-profit clothing services centre is set up to provide \u0000tailoring services to meet their needs. As the capacity of the centre is very \u0000limited, it is necessary to expand its capacity through assistive technology \u0000and to encourage non-government organizations (NGOs) to establish more social \u0000enterprises with Government’s support. Such findings would be beneficial to the \u0000Government for strengthening such services \u0000for the elderly and the disabled as well as public awareness.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49500442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Hypertension Status and Its Influencing Factors in Some Areas of Hubei Province, China","authors":"Li Bian, Huanlan Wang, Xun Gong, Xuanxuan Wang, G. Lu, Guohong Wang","doi":"10.4236/aar.2020.91002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2020.91002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To know about the current situation of hypertension \u0000in some areas of Hubei Province and analyze the influencing factors. Methods: According to the principle of Stratified sampling, we conducted health examination \u0000and questionnaire survey for 1500 residents over \u0000the age of 18 at observation point of chronic noninfectious diseases at 10 sub-districts (towns) of Wuhan City, Jingzhou City, Huanggang City, Shiyan \u0000City, which used descriptive statistics and logistics to \u0000regressively analyze Current situation of hypertension and its influencing \u0000factors of residents. Results: Prevalence of hypertension of rural and \u0000urban residents over 18 is 27.44% in Hubei province. There are many differences among prevalence of hypertension of male and \u0000female, distribution of BMI of rural and urban residents and prevalence of \u0000hypertension and so on, and it has statistical significance (P-value \u0000, education level, dieting habits (high salt and \u0000high oil), family per capita monthly income, BMI have statistical significance on the prevalence of hypertension in \u0000urban and rural residents of Hubei Province. Conclusions: The prevalence \u0000of hypertension in the residents of five cities and prefectures in Hubei \u0000Province is on the trend of rising in ladder form and at a much earlier age. \u0000The health education, monitoring and intervention of chronic diseases \u0000need to be widely carried out, with emphasis on the intervention of the \u0000residents’ eating habits of high salt and oil, smoking, drinking and other bad lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45632089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 2LMISEN® on Long-Term Hippocampal Neurons Culture as a Screening Senescent Cells Model: p16INK4A and Caspase 3 Quantification","authors":"N. L. Lilli, Delphine Révy, C. Volteau, S. Robelet, B. Lejeune","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.86012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.86012","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of one capsule of the micro-immunotherapy medicine (MIM) 2LMISEN® compared to vehicle, in a neuronal aging model. Senescence and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons were evaluated by measuring p16INK4a and caspase 3 levels, respectively. The data presented is a single observation. Mice hippocampal neuron cultures were treated with MIM (11 mM) or vehicle (11 mM) from 22 days in vitro (DIV) until 27 DIV. After incubation, hippocampal neuron cultures were fixed at 15 (control condition), 22, 25 and 27 DIV and then incubated with primary antibodies p16INK4a, MAP2 and Caspase 3. Quantification of p16INK4a and Caspase 3-positive neurons was done using Developer software. We found that vehicle had no effect on p16INK4a expression, whereas MIM was able to decrease p16INK4a levels at 22, 25 and 27 DIV in a statistically significant manner. The MIM had no significative effect on Caspase 3 expression. Our preliminary results showed that the MIM capsule significantly reduced neuronal senescence and not apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48383125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Sensory Stimulation versus Motor Control Cueing of the Foot on Balance in Elderly Females: Single Group Pretest-Posttest Study","authors":"Sarah Wilmot, Amanda Alfonso, Jessica Velez, A. Edeer","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.86009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.86009","url":null,"abstract":"Study Design: A Quasi Experimental Single Group Pre-Test Post-Test. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sensory stimulation and motor control cueing of the foot on balance in females over the age of 65. Background: Balance deficits in the elderly population have shown to have detrimental consequences. Evidence suggests that sensory stimulation and motor control of the foot improve postural sway, however, studies have yet to compare the effects of both interventions on balance. Method and Measures: A total of 40 participants were contacted to complete the study with 32 participants meeting inclusion criteria for data collection and completing the research study. Two data collection days were utilized to perform pre and post-test outcome measures using the Functional Reach Test and Overall Sway Index (collected using the Biodex Medical System Inc., Biodex Biosway Portable Balance System). The interventions were 2-minute sensory stimulation to the sole of each foot on day one, and the “short foot” motor control cue on day two. Four related sample T-tests were conducted with the interventions as the dependent variable and the time of observation (pre and post) as the independent variable. Results: The results revealed sensory stimulation significantly improved balance as indicated by a decline in postural sway from pretest (5.92 ± 3.05) to posttest (5.00 ± 2.92) (p = 0.045) and a significant increase in Functional Reach from pretest (8.01 ± 2.55) to posttest (8.70 ± 2.66) (p < 0.001). Motor control cueing demonstrated mixed results on balance with an increase in postural sway from pretest (5.52 ± 3.50) to posttest (6.66 ± 4.06) (p = 0.015), and an increase in Functional Reach from pretest (8.47 ± 2.34) to posttest (9.01 ± 2.37) (p = 0.004). Conclusion: Based on the results, researchers concluded that sensory stimulation is a viable intervention to utilize in order to improve balance in the elderly population. Further research to identify the appropriate prescription of sensory stimulation to maximize effects should be completed.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45173446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Exploration of Preferences towards Restraint before Loss of Capacity","authors":"Jenni White, Alison M. Hutchinson, T. Haines","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.86011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.86011","url":null,"abstract":"Discussion: Perspectives towards care in declining health consistently highlighted maintenance of choice and dignity. This study identified starting-points for better alignment between care planning initiatives and people’s needs and preferences.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48750861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of a Cut-Off Point of a Scale for Achievement Motive in Geriatrics That Predicts the Frequency of Undertaking Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Elderly People","authors":"H. Nakazono, N. Sano","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.86008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.86008","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of a Cut-Off Point of a Scale for Achievement Motive in Geriatrics That Predicts the Frequency of Undertaking Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Elderly People","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44419693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Behaviors of Nurses in Geriatric Health Services Facility in Japan","authors":"Chiharu Miyata, H. Arai","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.86010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.86010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The characteristics of geriatric health services facilities (GHSFs) in Japan include provision of care focused on the life of the residents, and there is a need for cooperation between care workers and physical therapists responsible for the care. Our goal is to create an organizational system that allows nurses to succeed professionally. To do this, we must first discuss the professional behavior of nurses in GHSFs. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to clarify the professional behavior of nurses in GHSFs using a questionnaire survey. Method: We used a descriptive, cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in 1000 GHSFs all over Japan. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The questionnaires consisted of 24 items for determining the professional behavior of nurses, the background information of respondents. The professional behavior of nurses was analyzed using principal factor analysis (Promax rotation). Results: A total of 1189 nurses participated. Of those, 91% (n = 1084) were women, and mean age was 48.2 years. Most participants were staff nurses (n = 791; 66%). We extracted 16 items by factor analysis, which were classified into four factors (professional development, autonomy, positive assertiveness to colleagues, and advocating for patient). Conclusion: The professional behaviors as identified in this study are similar to those reported in previous studies of clinical nurses in hospital. However, some subscale results are specific to the characteristics of GHSFs. The ability to understand professional behaviors has significant implications in terms of affirming and identifying sources of quality of care and creating a professional practice environment within GHSFs.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43593638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationships between Family Support, Attachment Types in Adulthood and Attitudes towards Filial Responsibility among Three Generations of Arab and Jewish Men","authors":"P. Ron","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.85007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.85007","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to compare between three generations \u0000groups of Arab and Jewish male’s attitudes towards filial responsibility. 121 university students, their \u0000fathers (116) and their grandfathers (114), answered a self-report \u0000questionnaire, which measured filial responsibility attitudes, type of \u0000attachment; self-esteem; sense of mastery and, family support. Results revealed \u0000ethnicity and religiosity differences as well as between-generations \u0000differences regarding filial responsibility. An additional finding brought to \u0000light the cross-generational differences in the relationship between the \u0000attachment style in adulthood and the attitudes regarding filial \u0000responsibility. The most important finding shows that the Arab male, especially \u0000in the youngest generation, finds himself in a socio-psychological-internal \u0000conflict between tradition and modernization regarding the family norms. Arab \u0000society, in attitudes towards filial responsibility, is still traditional in \u0000terms of its approach to the institutions of clan and, the men status within \u0000the family. Thus, mostly among the elderly Arab Muslims.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41960914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Frailty Syndrome and Anemia in Community-Dwelling Elderly","authors":"Elisa Priscila Sousa de Assis, Barbara Gazolla de Macedo, Thais Almeida Marques da Silva, P. P. Rezende, É. Vieira, A. L. Júnior, Carlos Antunes","doi":"10.4236/aar.2019.85006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aar.2019.85006","url":null,"abstract":"Frailty is an important and complex phenomenon in the fields of \u0000geriatrics and gerontology and a highly relevant topic. Frailty syndrome (FS) \u0000is a multidimensional clinical condition characterized by loss of physiological \u0000and cognitive reserves across multiple organ systems. The Fried frailty \u0000phenotype is the main model used to categorize FS. Recent studies have shown an \u0000association between anemia, low hemoglobin concentration and frailty. This \u0000study aimed to assess the association \u0000between FS and anemia in community-dwelling elderly. An observational \u0000cross-sectional design was used, with 308 elderly subjects. Most participants \u0000were women (78.2%) between 60 and 69 years old (50.6%). The average schooling level was 9.7 years. Anemia was detected \u0000in 9.7% of participants. The frequency of frailty, pre-frailty and non-frailty \u0000was 8.2, 74.0 and 17.8%, respectively. The multivariate ordinal logistic \u0000regression model identified low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor \u0000(BDNF) (OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.9; 0.9) as risk factor associated with FS. \u0000No significant association was found between frailty and anemia. Moreover, FS \u0000may be influenced by low schooling levels, despite the non-significant result \u0000obtained in the statistical model. These findings contribute to elucidating \u0000other factors associated with FS, especially in community-dwelling elderly.","PeriodicalId":56467,"journal":{"name":"老年问题研究(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45461660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}