Minerva Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of the potency of Cocos nucifera in demineralizing the artificial enamel carious lesion: a micro-CT study.","authors":"Nivethigaa Balakrishnan, Aravind K Subramanian, Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy, Mahalakshmi Angappan, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Maria M Marrapodi, Marco Cicciù, Giuseppe Minervini","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07467-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07467-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Herbal based ingredients form a more sustainable and effective means for management of ailments related to the human body. Previously plant-based extracts of Cocos nucifera had effective remineralization potential. Hence to identify the changes in enamel mineral density and volume during the remineralization procedure, this study was done with an aim of three-dimensional micro-CT analysis to identify the potency of Cocos nucifera in remineralizing the artificial enamel carious lesion. The aim of the present study was a three-dimensional micro-CT analysis to identify of the potency of Cocos nucifera in remineralizing the artificial enamel carious lesion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an in-vitro study, performed in a laboratory setting. Tooth slabs (N.=35) measuring 3×3×1.5 mm were prepared from extracted molar tooth. The prepared slabs were allotted to their respective groups by block randomization. Demineralization of the tooth slabs were done for a period of 72 hours. Following this the samples were washed with deionized water and remineralization was carried out for a period of 14 days. The groups tested were: 1) only remineralization solution(control); 2) 1: 1 lyophilized coconut (2.5 g LC in 25 mL remineralization solution); 3) 2:1 Lyophilized coconut (5 g LC in 25 mL remineralization solution); 4) 1:1 coconut milk (2.5 g CM in 25 mL remineralization solution); and 5) 2:1 coconut milk (2:1 CM - 5 g CM in 25 mL remineralization solution). Micro-CT scanning and analysis of the samples was performed postdemineralization and postremineralization procedure to evaluate the changes in the enamel volume and enamel mineral density. Within each of the five-group tested, the changes in the enamel volume and density before and after remineralization procedure was statistically analyzed using Paired t-test. One way ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey test were done to analyze the intergroup statistical significance between the various treatment groups postremineralization procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean difference of the enamel volume indicates that the control group showed the highest differences (-4.57±0.347) this was seconded by the 1:1 coconut milk, 1:1 lyophilized coconut and the lowest was noted in the 2:1 coconut milk group. The mean differences of the changes in the enamel mineral density between the demineralized and remineralized enamel surface indicates that 2:1 Coconut milk showed highest changes in the surface enamel postdemineralization (-22.32±5.37) and 1:1 coconut milk showed the least of the changes in the surface of the enamel (4.00±3.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coconut extracts obtained from various extraction procedures showed quantitative increase in remineralization of artificially created enamel carious lesion. Further in-vitro studies could be done to the clinical efficiency of the same in oral environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The updated role of budesonide in managing children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Giorgio Ciprandi","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07538-4","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07538-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent disease in childhood and adolescence. A type 2 inflammation characterizes AR and, mainly, sustains nasal obstruction. Budesonide aqueous nasal spray (BANS) is an intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) available since the early 1980s. BANS is indicated for treating allergic rhinitis. There is evidence about its efficacy in treating children and adolescents with seasonal and perennial AR. In addition, BANS is safe with negligible local and systemic side effects. Recent guidelines for patients with AR recommend the use of INCS as first line in many situations. In particular, AR patients (and their parents) may assess the perception of symptoms' severity using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). A score ≥5/10 means uncontrolled symptoms and requires adequate treatment. BANS could appropriately be used in patients with uncontrolled symptoms and/or moderate/severe nasal obstruction. In conclusion, BANS represents a valuable option in managing children and adolescents with AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"526-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diuretics in neonatology: a narrative review and update.","authors":"Silvia Iacobelli","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07224-5","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07224-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diuretics are medications that promote the excretion of water and electrolytes. They are primarily used in the management and treatment of states of inappropriate salt and water retention. Diuretics represent one of the most common classes of drugs administered to sick neonates, the more so in very low birth weight infants. Diuretic drugs, especially loop diuretics, are often administered in the neonatal intensive care unit as off-label medications. This is the case for a variety of clinical situations, in which an increase in sodium excretion is not the primary goal of treatment (transitory tachypnoea of the newborn at term, hyaline membrane disease, patent ductus arteriosus of preterm infants). Thiazides and furosemide are widely used to treat preterm infants with oxygen-dependent chronic lung disease, despite a lack of data on beneficial effect of long-term therapy on pulmonary function or clinical outcome. This article reviews the mechanism of action, indications, administration, posology, adverse effects and contraindications of diuretics in newborn infants. Based on the most recent information available in the literature, we will discuss data supporting (or questioning) the use of diuretic in specific neonatal diseases. Research priorities over this issue will be briefly presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"537-544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A narrative review of neuromonitoring modalities in critically ill children.","authors":"Abhinav Totapally, Emily A Fretz, Michael S Wolf","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07291-9","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07291-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute neurologic injury is common in critically ill children. Some conditions - such as traumatic brain injury, meningitis, and hypoxic-ischemic injury following cardiac arrest - require careful consideration of cerebral physiology. Specialized neuromonitoring techniques provide insight regarding patient-specific and disease-specific insight that can improve diagnostic accuracy, aid in targeting therapeutic interventions, and provide prognostic information. In this review, we will discuss recent innovations in invasive (e.g., intracranial pressure monitoring and related computed indices) and noninvasive (e.g., transcranial doppler, near-infrared spectroscopy) neuromonitoring techniques used in traumatic brain injury, central nervous system infections, and after cardiac arrest. We will discuss the pertinent physiological mechanisms interrogated by each technique and discuss available evidence for potential clinical application. We will also discuss the use of innovative neuromonitoring techniques to detect and manage neurologic complications in critically ill children with systemic illness, focusing on sepsis and cardiorespiratory failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"556-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10204069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: an evolving understanding of a syndrome amid the inflammatory continuum.","authors":"Sathya Areti, Marissa Parrillo, Lena Baker, Alexandra Meszaros, Alexandra Dram, Kenneth E Remy","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07279-8","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07279-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare hyperinflammatory and immunosuppressed condition affecting children exposed to COVID-19. MIS-C has been associated with an over-exaggerated innate and adaptive immune response characterized by a 'selective' cytokine production and T cell suppression. As COVID-19 information has evolved, the knowledge and field surrounding MIS-C is ever evolving. Thus, a comprehensive clinical review that concisely presents current literature findings regarding common clinical presentations and comparisons with similar conditions, associations with the COVID-19 vaccine effects and relevant epigenetic markers and evaluates treatment and long-term outcomes to help guide future studies is needed and provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10037041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wet lung or wet baby? An intricate problem.","authors":"Vincenzo Zanardo, Pietro Guerrini, Lorenzo Severino, Gianluca Straface","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07471-2","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07471-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"568-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TMT-based serum proteomics analysis of infantile hemangioma patients.","authors":"Yuting Wang, Wenyi Liu, Jiayang Wang, Lixin Lin, Ran Huo","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07585-2","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07585-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"566-568"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140856748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on anxiety and depression in adolescent peripheral vertigo patients with sleep disorders.","authors":"Runwu Xiang, Sha Liu, Lei Zhang, Dongrong Zhao","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07687-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07687-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and clinical features of bronchiolitis after the COVID-19 outbreak: comparison of two epidemic seasons.","authors":"Antonietta Curatola, Lorenzo DI Sarno, Marta Barbato, Antonio Gatto, Elena Cultrera DI Montesano, Antonio Chiaretti","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07510-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-5276.24.07510-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The first aim of this study was to compare Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) admissions for acute bronchiolitis during the 2022-2023 season to those of the season 2021-2022. The secondary aim was to assess the difference in the recurrence of bronchiolitis episodes in the same patient between the two seasons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study conducted at the PED of IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation (Rome, Italy). We included all children aged between 0 and 2 years admitted to PED with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis. We compared features of seasons 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of children enrolled during the 2022-23 season was 5 months (IQR: 2-8) compared to 7 months (IQR: 2-14) in the previous one (P=0.02). We observed in the last season a higher number of children admitted to PED with a high priority code and an increased therapeutic use of high-flow nasal cannula and inhaled adrenaline. During the 2022-23 season we found 31 (12.8%) children presenting more than one episode of bronchiolitis in the same epidemic season, compared to 16 (7.6%) children in the previous season (P=0.048).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data emphasize that the epidemiological features of bronchiolitis after COVID-19 outbreak have changed and are still evolving.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and effectiveness of a distance-adapted physical activity intervention in adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Alice Maguolo, Giulia Ippolito, Giorgia Mazzuca, Mariano Bertaiola, Doriana Rudi, Eleonora Marchiori, Vittoria Venier, Francesco Bordin, Anita Morandi, Claudio Maffeis, Massimo Lanza","doi":"10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07469-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S2724-5276.23.07469-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric obesity represents one of the most important public health challenges and its prevalence significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our prospective study aimed to assess the feasibility of a remote adapted physical activity (PA) intervention and its effectiveness in improving anthropometric indices, metabolic health parameters, as well as cardiopulmonary function and fitness in adolescents with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PA intervention involving synchronous online lessons combined with asynchronous sessions and promotion of independent PA and \"active breaks\" to interrupt prolonged sedentary behaviors was proposed to 20 adolescents aged 11-17 years with obesity over a 4-month period. Clinical and anthropometric parameters (weight, height, waist, body composition, blood pressure), metabolic parameters (glycemia, insulinemia, glycated hemoglobin, oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT], lipid profile, presence of hepatic steatosis), cardiopulmonary function and fitness indices (VO<inf>2</inf>max, six-minute walking test [6MWT], upper and lower limb strength test) were evaluated before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty adolescents with obesity were enrolled (11 male [55%], aged 14.1±1.5 years, BMI SDS 3.1±0.5). Eighteen participants (90%) successfully completed the project, and no adverse events were reported. We observed an increase in cardiovascular and muscle fitness [higher VO2peak, maximal workload, better performance at limb strength and 6MWT (all P<0.05)], increased lean body mass (P=0.005), and an improvement of glucose metabolism response with a reduction of insulin concentrations during OGTT (P=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participation in the training program was feasible and effective in improving cardiovascular fitness, glucose metabolism, body composition, strength, and endurance in adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":56337,"journal":{"name":"Minerva Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}