Brain Impairment最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between vocal affect recognition and psychosocial functioning for people with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","authors":"Barbra Zupan, Leah S Dunn, S. Hackney, Bahtiyorhon Shamshidinova","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this review was to explore how vocal affect recognition deficits impact the psychosocial functioning of people with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted, whereby six databases were searched, with additional hand searching of key journals also completed. The search identified 1847 records after duplicates were removed, and 1749 were excluded through title and abstract screening. After full text screening of 65 peer-reviewed articles published between January 1999 and August 2019, only five met inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of selected studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) Version 2018 with a fair level of agreement reached. A narrative synthesis of the results was completed, exploring vocal affect recognition and psychosocial functioning of people with moderate to severe TBI, including aspects of social cognition (i.e., empathy; Theory of Mind) and social behaviour. Results of the review were limited by a paucity of research in this area, a lack of high-level evidence, and wide variation in the outcome measures used. More rigorous study designs are required to establish more conclusive evidence regarding the degree and direction of the association between vocal affect recognition and aspects of psychosocial functioning. This review is registered with Prospero.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"193 1","pages":"260 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82556192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does transcranial direct current stimulation affect selective visual attention in children with left-sided infantile hemiplegia? A randomized, controlled pilot study","authors":"R. Alharbi, S. Aloyuni, F. Kashoo, M. Waly, Harpreet Singh, Mehrunnisha Ahmad","doi":"10.1017/brimp.2020.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2020.20","url":null,"abstract":"Infantile hemiplegia due to brain injury is associated with poor attention span, which critically affects the learning and acquisition of new skills, especially among children with left-sided infantile hemiplegia (LSIH). This study aimed to improve the selective visual attention (SVA) of children with LSIH through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).A total of 15 children participated in this randomized, double-blinded, pilot study; of them, 10 experienced LSIH, and the remaining 5 were healthy age-matched controls. All the children performed the Computerized Stroop Color-Word Test (CSCWT) at baseline, during the 5th and 10th treatment sessions, and at follow-up. The experimental (n = 5) and control groups (n = 5) received tDCS, while the sham group (n = 5) received placebo tDCS. All three groups received cognitive training on alternate days, for 3 weeks, with the aim to improve SVA.Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a statistically significant change in the mean scores of CSCWT between time points (baseline, 5th and 10th sessions, and follow-up) within-subject factor, group (experimental, sham) between-subject factor and interaction (time points X group) (p < 0.005). Furthermore, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between time point (p < 0.005) for the experimental and control group but not the sham group.These pilot results suggest that future research should be conducted with adequate samples to enable conclusions to be drawn.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83032561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of whole-body vibration on motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Chuan He, Caixia Su, Wentong Zhang, Qi Wan","doi":"10.1017/brimp.2020.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2020.21","url":null,"abstract":"To review the effects of whole body vibration for patients with Parkinson’s disease.Randomized clinical trials comparing whole body vibration with no vibration or conventional physical therapy for patients with Parkinson’s disease were searched up to July 31, 2019.Seven studies with 196 patients were included for quantitative analysis. No significant difference was found between groups in motor score of unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS-III) (WMD [weighted mean difference] = −1.75, 95% CI, −5.40 to 1.90, I2 = 45.8%), functional reach test (SMD [standardized mean difference] = 0.21, 95% CI, −0.29 to 0.71; I2 = 0%), and other balance tests (including Berg balance test and Tinetti score) (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.80; I2 = 0%). No statistical difference was detected in walking velocity as well (WMD = −0.05, 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.06; I2 = 0%). In contrast, the pooled analysis from four studies on the Time Up and Go test showed favorable results for whole body vibration (WMD = −1.59, 95% CI, −2.90 to −0.28, I2 = 0%).Whole body vibration may not be beneficial over placebo or conventional physical therapy in overall motor function, balance, and walking velocity in patients with Parkinson’s disease. However, it might have positive effects on sit to stand transitions or turning.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87348857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue: Knowledge translation and dementia care","authors":"S. Bennett","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing body of research demonstrating the effectiveness of interventions that might benefit people living with dementia and their families or caregivers. Yet, it can take years for research findings to be translated into practice for these benefits to be realised. Knowledge translation is a process or series of activities that aims to accelerate the uptake of research in practice. A commonly used definition suggests that it is a dynamic process that includes synthesis, dissemination, exchange and ethically sound application of knowledge to improve health, which occurs within a complex system of interactions between researchers and knowledge users (Canadian Institute of Health Research, n.d.). This special issue largely considers perspectives, experiences and outcomes concerning the application or implementation of a number of evidence-based non-pharmacological interventions for people living with dementia and their families or caregivers. This issue commences with a paper by Linton that explores the relationship between the health of caregivers and the health of the person they provide care for, who had either dementia or a brain injury. Although the paper does not have an implementation focus, it highlights some of the complexities surrounding this relationship – which is at the centre of many of the non-pharmacological interventions described in the rest of this issue. As is sometimes the case, there can be good evidence for the effectiveness of interventions in one population that may hold potential for use in a new population. However, prior to the intervention being implemented with the new population, it needs careful adaptation and testing. Scott et al. describe the adaptation of CarFreeMe – an effective driving cessation programme intervention originally designed for older adults – for people living with dementia and their caregivers. This is an important undertaking given the complexities of navigating this highly sensitive issue. Just because interventions have strong evidence, it does not mean that they will be translated into practice. An example of this is the well-tested Tailored Activity Program (TAP) developed in the USA by Gitlin et al. (2008). Despite at least five randomised controlled trials demonstrating its effectiveness, it is not in use in Australia. An important phase in preparing to implement any new practice is to understand key stakeholders’ perceptions about the intervention and its implementation. Hence, Bennett et al. explore the acceptability of TAP for people living with dementia, their caregivers and health professionals and their views about factors that might influence willingness to provide or receive this intervention, prior to its implementation in Australia. The next two studies in this issue (Culph et al., Rahja et al.) pertain to the implementation of the Care of Persons with Dementia in their Environments (COPE) programme, which originates from same stable (Gitlin, Winter, Dennis, Hodgson, & ","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"1 1","pages":"235 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81042099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSBI AWARDS","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"12 1","pages":"314 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81255279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making sense of self-reported practice impacts after online dementia education: the example of Bedtime to Breakfast and Beyond","authors":"B. Goodenough, J. Watts, Sarah Bartlett","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.19","url":null,"abstract":"To satisfy requirements for continuing professional education, workforce demand for access to large-scale continuous professional education and micro-credential-style online courses is increasing. This study examined the Knowledge Translation (KT) outcomes for a short (2 h) online course about support at night for people living with dementia (Bedtime to Breakfast), delivered at a national scale by the Dementia Training Australia (DTA).A sample of the first cohort of course completers was re-contacted after 3 months to complete a KT follow-up feedback survey (n = 161). In addition to potential practice impacts in three domains (Conceptual, Instrumental, Persuasive), respondents rated the level of Perceived Improvement in Quality of Care (PIQOC), using a positively packed global rating scale.Overall, 93.8% of the respondents agreed that the course had made a difference to the support they had provided for people with dementia since the completion of the course. In addition to anticipated Conceptual impacts (e.g., change in knowledge), a range of Instrumental and Persuasive impacts were also reported, including workplace guidelines development and knowledge transfer to other staff. Tally counts for discrete KT outcomes were high (median 7/10) and explained 23% of the variance in PIQOC ratings.Online short courses delivered at a national scale are capable of supporting a range of translation-to-practice impacts, within the constraints of retrospective insight into personal practice change. Topics around self-assessed knowledge-to-practice and the value of positively packed rating scales for increasing variance in respondent feedback are discussed.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"49 1","pages":"299 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81875350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of offenders with traumatic brain injury","authors":"M. Linden, Conall O’Rourke, C. Monaghan, Deborah Rainey","doi":"10.1017/BRIMP.2020.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BRIMP.2020.23","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic brain injury is recognised as a significant and pervasive health issue among offender populations. Despite this, no qualitative research exists exploring the experiences and perceptions of offenders with TBI in prison.Qualitative interviews were conducted with male and female offenders housed in a UK prison. Interviews examined what participants felt led them to offend, experiences of incarceration, and post-release plans. Presence of TBI was assessed via the Brain Injury Screening Index. Data were analysed by means of inductive content analysis.Both male and female prisoners primarily attributed their incarceration to drugs and alcohol use, with males also referencing more issues with aggression, while mental illness and past abuse were more commonly mentioned among females. A lack of recognition for the possible role of TBI was noted, with several males describing themselves as ‘stupid’ or prone to making ‘poor lifestyle choices’. Both groups indicated a desire to return to education or work post-release.Despite significant rates of injury, there is a clear lack of understanding and consideration of the role of TBI in the behaviour and presentation of offenders. There is need for improved identification and education around TBI early in the criminal justice process.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89076794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right people, right time? a qualitative study of service access experiences of adults with acquired brain injury following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation","authors":"M. Foster, M. Legg, Eloise Hummell, L. Burridge, Kirstyn Laurie","doi":"10.1017/brimp.2020.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/brimp.2020.12","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The intention of this paper is to develop the personal concept of appropriate access. We report on the service access experiences and opportunities of adults with an acquired brain injury after leaving inpatient rehabilitation. The benefits of appropriate access underpin standards in early and long-term recovery, though users' access needs are highly personal. \u0000Methods: The study used a qualitative design involving 16 semi-structured interviews with Australian adults with an acquired brain injury after discharge from inpatient brain rehabilitation. Data were thematically analysed. \u0000Results: Three main themes were derived from the analysis. Theme 1 shows that participants valued being steered to services that providers thought appropriate for them early after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Theme 2 highlights the tensions between timing and personal recovery and perceived needs. Theme 3 captures participants' insights into the challenges of gaining access vis-a-vis what the system offers and the enablers of actualising appropriate access. \u0000Conclusion: The positive experiences of being directed to specialist services early after discharge suggest that continuity of care constitutes appropriateness of access for participants in this study. However, it is also clear that continuity should not displace flexibility in the timing of services, to accord with individuals' perceived needs. This, in addition to enablement of access opportunities, through funding and transport, are important in maintaining a personalised approach.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"57 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82880370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability and willingness to participate in the Tailored Activity Program: perceptions of people living with dementia, their care partners and health professionals","authors":"S. Bennett, C. Travers, J. Liddle, Sandra Smith, L. Clemson, M. O’Reilly, Michelle L. Allen, K. Laver, E. Beattie, L. Low, Claire M. C. O’Connor, L. Gitlin","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives: The Tailored Activity Program (TAP) is an evidence-based occupational therapist-led intervention for people living with dementia and their care partners at home, developed in the USA. This study sought to understand its acceptability to people living with dementia, their care partners, and health professionals, and factors that might influence willingness to participate prior to its implementation in Australia. Methods: This study used qualitative descriptive methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with people living with dementia in the community (n = 4), their care partners (n = 13), and health professionals (n = 12). People living with dementia were asked about health professionals coming to their home to help them engage in activities they enjoy, whereas care partners’ and health professionals’ perspectives of TAP were sought, after it was described to them. Interviews were conducted face-to-face or via telephone. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Framework analysis was used to identify key themes. Results: Analysis identified four key themes labelled: (i) TAP sounds like a good idea; (ii) the importance of enjoyable activities; (iii) benefits for care partners; and (iv) weighing things up. Findings suggest the broad, conditional acceptability of TAP from care partners and health professionals, who also recognised challenges to its use. People living with dementia expressed willingness to receive help to continue engaging in enjoyable activities, if offered. Discussion: While TAP appeared generally acceptable, a number of barriers were identified that must be considered prior to, and during its implementation. This study may inform implementation of non-pharmacological interventions more broadly.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"64 1","pages":"259 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90778747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of the CarFreeMe driver retirement intervention to provide driving cessation support to older people living with dementia","authors":"T. Scott, J. Liddle, R. Sidhu, G. Mitchell, E. Beattie, L. Gustafsson, N. Pachana","doi":"10.1017/BrImp.2020.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/BrImp.2020.16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: Driving and stopping driving present challenging issues for older people living with memory problems and the family members supporting them. Changes to driving status impact the individual stopping driving and their family members. CarFreeMe is an existing, effective driving cessation program for older people that may be applicable to older people living with dementia. The purpose of this study was to adapt the program and explore feasibility and key stakeholder perspectives. Methods: The Medical Research Council guidelines for conducting research into complex interventions guided the development, acceptability and feasibility piloting. A multidisciplinary approach was taken, and key stakeholders were involved throughout the process. This included an adaptation process, followed by expert reference group feedback and case series pilot study. Results: The background research indicated that some key changes were required to meet the needs of people living with dementia. Aspects of the content, language, format and activities were adapted and an additional module was created for family members – whose involvement was identified as important. A more personalized, flexible approach was recommended. The expert reference group [psychologists (n = 2), occupational therapists (n = 3) and dementia behavior consultants (n = 2)] indicated the program was appropriate and needed, and made recommendations for feasibility. Pilot testing with three families indicated acceptability. Conclusion: A driving cessation program adapted for use with people living with dementia and their families required some changes to meet the needs and situations based on feedback from key stakeholders. Future studies will evaluate implementation outcomes across a range of settings.","PeriodicalId":56329,"journal":{"name":"Brain Impairment","volume":"45 1","pages":"247 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80470560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}