Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks最新文献

{"title":"Multi-timescale management models for distributed energy resources and a two-stage incentive design for demand-side grid flexibility provision","authors":"Kaishiro Ikuta,&nbsp;Hirohisa Aki","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of renewable energy sources has heightened the need for flexibility within power systems. Distributed energy resources (DERs) on the demand side can fulfill this need through grid flexibility provisions. This study introduces a price-based demand response (PDR) scheme designed to motivate prosumers to adjust DER operations, supplying flexibility comparable to the Replacement Reserve for Feed-in Tariff in the Japanese flexibility market via aggregators. This flexibility is coordinated through market mechanisms. Aggregators set variable real-time incentive (RTI) ranges alongside time-of-use rates, serving as economic motivators for prosumers during the day-ahead (DA) planning phase, aligning with their operational plans. Prosumers’ plans are continuously updated until the hour-ahead (HA) stage, with final pricing established to minimize imbalances. Flexibility provision is actualized in the real-time stage. This study aims to mitigate prosumer imbalances and provide on-demand flexibility by employing PDR with a two-stage incentive design method. We developed a multi-timescale model that simulates each stage and performs DER operation simulations for flexibility procurement in the balancing market. The key findings are: (1) DA-stage analysis of flexibility availability enables DERs to secure flexibility through RTI adjustments. (2) RTI and DER planning, informed by HA planning, support flexibility procurement and imbalance reduction. (3) DER characteristics, such as flexibility provision potential and responsiveness to incentives, were evaluated. Through this RTI scheme, DERs were able to provide downward and upward flexibility at rates of 77 and 85 %, respectively, within DA planning. DER planning contributed to a 76 % imbalance reduction in 29 of 96 HA time steps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospecting electricity theft through assignment of AI detected buildings to registered consumer units","authors":"Antônio M. Kaminski ,&nbsp;Filipe G. Carloto ,&nbsp;Matheus M. Jacques ,&nbsp;Vinícius J. Garcia ,&nbsp;Otacílio C. Filho ,&nbsp;Carlos H. Barriquello","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electricity theft in electrical distribution networks poses a significant challenge, compromising system efficiency and profitability. Traditional detection methods often fall short, lacking the precision and efficiency needed to accurately locate and quantify theft. This paper introduces an innovative approach utilizing satellite imagery to identify clandestine connections, thereby enhancing detection accuracy. The methodology involves comparing building rooftops with registered consumer units through a multi-stage process that incorporates distinct techniques, including a mathematical approach to resolve the assignment problem between AI-detected buildings and registered consumer units. A crucial stage involves weight calculation, tested via four proposed methods using simulated data, with those employing Neural Networks showing superior performance. Areas without assigned meters are flagged for prioritized inspections. Simulated tests yielded promising results, identifying over 80% of clandestine connections in most scenarios for some methods. Real-world data validation further demonstrated the method’s efficacy, accurately pinpointing more than 80% of clandestine connections in high-theft regions, with subsequent refinements enhancing detection accuracy. Field inspections found clandestine connections in almost 60% of inspected locations indicated by the proposed methodology, showing amazing potential from a practical standpoint. The proposed assignment methodology offers substantial promise for utility companies, providing a more effective means to combat electricity theft, thereby improving system efficiency, reliability, and profitability in the electrical energy sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sequential conic relaxation based OPF incorporating Dynamic Line Rating considering uncertainty","authors":"Aprajay Verma,&nbsp;K. Shanti Swarup","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) is a promising asset optimization technique that effectively utilizes the transmission line. Due to non-convexity introduced by radiative cooling equations, incorporating DLR directly into Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow (ACOPF), solving real-time dispatch, is challenging even when Heat Balance Equations (HBE) are discretized. Hence, this paper proposes an iterative conic relaxation based technique, which transforms the original non-convex model into a series of conic convex problems. The real time dispatch is effected by errors in forecast, hence, to increase system security a data driven robust chance constrained based optimization with an exact reformulation of joint constraints is proposed. Frequency Restoration Reserve (FRR) requirement to compensate for the power mismatches due to forecast error are also evaluated. The proposed method is proven to converge to the local optimal point, and joint constraint reformulation is demonstrated to be less conservative than Bonferroni’s approximation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101603"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing PV hosting capacity with phase rebalancing in LV networks: A network-agnostic rule-based approach","authors":"Yushan Hou ,&nbsp;Arthur Gonçalves Givisiez ,&nbsp;Michael Z. Liu ,&nbsp;Luis F. Ochoa","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most residential photovoltaic (PV) systems are single-phase installations and, therefore, can increase unbalance. More unbalance exacerbates voltage rise issues on certain phases, potentially limiting the PV hosting capacity of low voltage (LV) networks. Rebalancing customers by adequately switching their phase connection can reduce unbalance and improve voltage headroom, allowing for more PV systems. However, this needs to be done quickly to cater for the normal variations in net demand. Furthermore, since most distribution companies do not have accurate, detailed three-phase LV network models, a solution independent of such models is desirable so it can be implemented. This paper proposes a fast, network-agnostic rule-based rebalancing approach that only requires knowledge of the phase groups, i.e., no network models are needed. Its feasibility is mathematically proven, and its effectiveness is benchmarked against a model-driven AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF)-based approach formulated as MINLP. Using a realistic Australian LV feeder with 29 single-phase customers, results show that the proposed approach mitigates unbalance as effectively as the OPF-based approach, in sub-seconds and without network models. Crucially, this paper demonstrates how a practical and scalable approach to reduce unbalance in two Australian LV networks—with different number of LV feeders and customers—can significantly increase the PV hosting capacity without resorting to PV curtailment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101615"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain for energy market: A comprehensive survey","authors":"Tianqi Jiang ,&nbsp;Haoxiang Luo ,&nbsp;Kun Yang ,&nbsp;Gang Sun ,&nbsp;Hongfang Yu ,&nbsp;Qi Huang ,&nbsp;Athanasios V. Vasilakos","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy market encompasses the behavior of energy supply and trading within a platform system. By utilizing centralized or distributed trading, energy can be effectively managed and distributed across different regions, thereby achieving market equilibrium and satisfying both producers and consumers. Additionally, the energy market can address future production control and environmental concerns such as energy shortages and environmental deterioration. However, recent years have presented unprecedented challenges and difficulties for the development of the energy market. These challenges include regional energy imbalances, volatile energy pricing, high computing costs, and issues related to transaction information disclosure. These factors have hindered the smooth operation of the energy market. Researchers widely acknowledge that the security features of blockchain technology can enhance the efficiency of energy transactions and establish the fundamental stability and robustness of the energy market. This type of blockchain-enabled energy market is commonly referred to as an energy blockchain. Currently, there is a burgeoning amount of research in this field, encompassing algorithm design, framework construction, and practical application. It is crucial to organize and compare these research efforts to facilitate the further advancement of energy blockchain. This survey aims to comprehensively review the fundamental characteristics of blockchain and energy markets, highlighting the significant advantages of combining the two. Moreover, based on existing research outcomes, we will categorize and compare the current energy market research supported by blockchain in terms of algorithm design, market framework construction, and the policies and practical applications adopted by different countries. Finally, we will address current issues and propose potential future directions for improvement, to provide guidance for the practical implementation of blockchain in the energy market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggregator pricing strategy for community energy management based on multi-agent reinforcement learning considering customer loss or gain","authors":"Mohammad Hashemnezhad,&nbsp;Hamed Delkhosh,&nbsp;Mohsen Parsa Moghaddam","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advancements in digitalization have activated power system decentralization, empowering customers to participate in active distribution networks. Forming Local Energy Communities (LECs) with specified regulations can help toward enabling the democratization of future power systems. Many studies have focused on the energy management challenges in this environment based on the role of intermediary players, such as aggregators that are for-profit entities. Nevertheless, the competitive nature of LECs, i.e., customers' capability to select their aggregator, is usually ignored in the economic policy-making problem. This paper proposes a pricing strategy for aggregators, as a techno-economic issue, based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) forecasting model to enable the required flexibility specified by the utility utilizing the demand response. The upper layer is responsible for the aggregator pricing considering its profit, including the customer loss or gain. On the lower layer, different customers react to the price signals to reduce their bills considering dissatisfaction. The correctness and effectiveness of the model are shown based on the simulation studies of two timeframes on a real residential community dataset, i.e., various smart buildings with flexible loads. The short-term simulations (1 day) show the enabled demand response with different pricing policies. The mid-term simulations (90 days) evaluate the impact of the aggregator’s pricing strategy on its profit and number of active customers. Finally, the aggregator can choose its pricing strategy based on the results of the mid-term evaluation integrating the remaining customers’ value based on the selected pricing range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic sizing of low voltage microgrid-forming resources: Technical approach and regulatory assessment in the brazilian context","authors":"Pedro Ferreira Torres ,&nbsp;Alex Renan Arrifano Manito ,&nbsp;Samuel Williamson ,&nbsp;João Tavares Pinho ,&nbsp;Roberto Zilles","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Power distribution reliability concerns several low voltage consumers in Brazil. Large investments are needed in infrastructure to guarantee continuous supply, especially during adverse weather conditions. An alternative to conventional structural investments considers distributed energy resources to form low voltage microgrids that can operate islanded during faults in the primary distribution. In this paper, the potential for microgrid integration is evaluated considering both technical and regulatory aspects in Brazil. First, the main characteristics and configurations of secondary distribution grids adopted by distribution utilities are assessed. Next, a methodology is proposed for assessing the potential for integrating low voltage microgrids. Finally, the current regulatory framework regarding the possible applications of low voltage microgrids in Brazil is assessed, followed by policy recommendations to leverage such alternative. Two case studies demonstrate the applicability of the methodology, and the results suggest that even small energy storage systems (as small as 25 kWh) can reduce considerably the number of interruptions in over 80 % of the low voltage circuits of the utility under study. Although the case studies were developed considering the Brazilian context, the proposed methodology is flexible enough to be applied in other scenarios, which is potentially useful for system planners and regulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal coordination of electricity-P2G-gas system to facilitate renewable energy integration","authors":"Minfang Liao ,&nbsp;Chengxi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel optimal operation strategy for the integrated electricity and natural gas systems (IEGSs), considering an improved Power-to-Gas (P2G) model to characterize the detailed process from renewable energy to methane. Compared with the existing operation strategies that use a simple constant to model the conversion energy efficiency, this paper develops a detailed P2G model considering both electrode kinetics and thermal dynamics of the electrolyzer. It elucidates the interaction between the P2G and the flexibility of multi-energy systems, facilitating the adaptation of the electrolyzer to various operating scenarios. First, the proposed approach employs a step curve fitting to obtain the temperature-dependent current-voltage model and applies the Forward Euler method to obtain the discretized thermal model of the electrolyzer. Then, a multi-period optimization problem incorporating DC power flow and steady-state optimal gas flow, together with the embedded P2G model is formulated. Finally, three cases on the PJM 5-bus power system connected with a 7-node natural gas system validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101610"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal operation of PV prosumer-based community considering carbon credit and energy sharing","authors":"Zhao Luo ,&nbsp;Pinqin Yu ,&nbsp;Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Dewen Liu ,&nbsp;Jiahao Li ,&nbsp;Xin Shen ,&nbsp;Yujun Yin ,&nbsp;Fashe Li ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of distributed photovoltaics (PV), traditional consumers have gradually evolved into prosumers. In order to promote the local consumption of PV power and improve the enthusiasm of traditional consumers for low-carbon transformation, a PV prosumer-based community operation model considering carbon credit and energy sharing is proposed. Firstly, based on the Nash bargaining theory, a multi-prosumer energy sharing model is established. The model can be transformed into a sub-problem of community cost minimization and a sub-problem of cooperative income distribution, which is solved by the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) algorithm. Secondly, to quantify environmental value of PV power, the carbon credit mechanism is introduced, and a combinatorial double auction trading mechanism with the objective of maximizing social welfare for carbon credit portfolios is proposed. Finally, the validity of the model is verified through examples. The simulation results show that the proposed model can reduce the total cost of the prosumer community by about 20.21 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying distribution network line parameters and voltage angles by utilizing physical knowledge: A neural network approach","authors":"Terezija Matijašević Pilski,&nbsp;Tomislav Capuder,&nbsp;Juraj Havelka","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2024.101606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy transition is pushing the Distribution System Operators (DSOs) to find solutions for better management of the network operating conditions. These requirements involve the installation of financially intensive metering devices or the application of synthetic datasets, due to the unobservability of distribution networks (especially low-voltage (LV) networks). The challenge is even more complex as LV networks are rarely accurately mapped in terms of their technical characteristics with non-existence of operationally recorded information such as switching states. This makes even basic network analyses, such as power flow studies, complex and often hinders further installation of low carbon technologies. To aid in the low observability challenge in LV distribution networks, this paper proposes a model based on the power flow equations for the estimation of the network admittance matrix. The neural network (NN) based approach is developed to mimic the previously estimated line switching states, while the main objective behind this model is the integration of physical information, such as power flow equations and network-operating constraints. Besides conductance and susceptance matrix, the proposed approach is applied for the estimation of voltage angle values in the network. The model behavior is examined on different network structures, as well as on the networks with a larger share of installed renewable energy systems (RES). The error rates of <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>1 % and <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>4 % in the estimation of conductance and susceptance matrix parameters indicate the importance of NN initialization parameters and demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model in the operation of advanced distribution networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 101606"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}