Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced microgrid reliability through software-defined networking and extended horizon predictive control","authors":"Ricardo Pérez ,&nbsp;Marco Rivera ,&nbsp;Baldomero Araya ,&nbsp;Juan S. Gómez ,&nbsp;Yamisleydi Salgueiro ,&nbsp;Carlos Restrepo ,&nbsp;Patrick Wheeler ,&nbsp;Minglei You ,&nbsp;Mark Sumner","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic nature of power systems combined with the need for low-latency and loss-tolerant communications, presents significant challenges to maintaining system reliability and resiliency. This paper proposes a novel integration of Finite Control Set Model-based Predictive Control with an extended prediction horizon and Software Defined Networked to address the resiliency problem and voltage/frequency deviations associated with traditional hierarchical microgrid. The communication framework integrates Software Defined Networked as a set of microservices distributed across local controllers and improved system reliability under communication constraints. The secondary control considers the variability of communication latency and packet loss to adjust the shared reference based on the spatial and temporal correlation. The microgrid is subjected to four test scenarios to analyze the impact of communications on distributed generation, plug-and-play capacity and load variations. The proposed control framework significantly improves system performance, achieving a 0.2–0.3 s recovery time, 0.05 s communication latency, and maintaining stability with up to 60% packet loss. Compared to hierarchical methods, it reduces recovery time by up to 90%, frequency deviation by up to 80%, and enhances power sharing and coordination between distributed generators. This method addresses the problem of low dynamic response of control strategies during disturbances, allowing the implementation of new, reliable and resilient hierarchical microgrids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local market-aware optimal allocation of energy storage systems considering price fairness in power distribution networks","authors":"Lu Wang,&nbsp;Matthieu Jacobs,&nbsp;Pål Forr Austnes,&nbsp;Mario Paolone","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) within power distribution grids introduces uncertainties that can result in control and operation issues such as line congestions, reduced voltage quality and increased grid imbalance cost. Existing research tackles these issues through topology reconfiguration or reinforcement of existing assets, such as lines and transformers, as well as allocation of new assets. However, these strategies may lead to an inefficient allocation of financial and human resources, since they solve specific optimization problems without a holistic view of the infrastructure and stakeholders involved. In this respect, this paper presents a stochastic two-stage local market-aware Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) allocation model which aims at optimally siting and sizing ESSs within a fair local market environment, thereby enhancing the effective activation of local resource flexibility. First, price fairness is defined in terms of quality of experience (QoE), taking into account the characteristics of the local distribution network. Under the proposed price fairness condition, the site and size of ESSs are determined by a planning stage. With this optimal allocation of ESSs, the operation stage makes use of a local market cleared based on the Augmented Relaxed Optimal Power Flow (AROPF) and primal–dual method to maximize social welfare. To solve the resulting Mixed-Integer Second-Order Cone Programming (MISOCP) problem, the Benders decomposition approach is applied. Case studies conducted on the IEEE 33-bus and Lausanne 193-bus networks validate the model’s effectiveness of investment utilization, local flexible resources activation and local market fairness. Compared to the business-as-usual model, the proposed approach achieves cost reductions of up to 23.6%. Additionally, the ABD algorithm exhibits strong scalability, solving the 193-bus system in just four times the duration required for the IEEE 33-bus case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101648"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbon scheduling of mobile energy storage in distribution networks based on an equivalent reconfiguration method","authors":"Weiqing Sun,&nbsp;Yingzhi Peng,&nbsp;Haibing Wang,&nbsp;Yankun Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the context of low-carbon power systems, the integration of high-penetration renewable energy and mobile energy storage systems (MESS) presents new challenges for distribution network scheduling, primarily in the coupling of power and transportation networks and the complexity of allocating users' carbon emission responsibilities. To address these challenges, this study proposes a bi-level optimization model that combines demand response mechanisms and carbon flow theory for the low-carbon scheduling of MESS. The upper-level model optimizes the global scheduling strategy of distribution network operators, while the lower-level model captures the dynamic demand response behavior of users, achieving collaborative optimization among multiple stakeholders. Using an equivalent reconfiguration method, the coupling issue between the power grid and transportation network is transformed into a pure distribution network problem. Furthermore, carbon flow theory and the Shapley value method are employed to analyze carbon emission distribution and allocate carbon responsibility on the load side. Simulation results based on the IEEE-33 node distribution network and a simple transportation network show that the proposed model can reduce system carbon emissions by 21.14 %, lower user costs by 5.2 %, and increase operator revenue by 10.21 %. These findings validate the model’s ability to balance economic benefits and low-carbon operational goals, providing a practical and effective solution for the optimal scheduling of distribution networks with high renewable energy penetration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed control of flexible assets in distribution networks considering personal usage plans","authors":"Tongmao Zhang,&nbsp;Alessandra Parisio","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a distributed Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP)-based control scheme is proposed to coordinate flexible assets as a Virtual Storage Plant (VSP) for providing flexibility services to distribution networks. The VSP aggregates flexible assets, such as Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and battery storage systems, while considering their individual needs. It tracks a time-varying signal instructed by the Distribution System Operator (DSO) within the required time to support the host network. HVAC systems are treated as virtual batteries, considering indoor temperature comfort, while battery storage systems are managed according to users’ usage plans. To accurately model the flexible assets, binary variables are required, thus formulating an MILP problem. The MILP problem is then incorporated into a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme to manage system constraints. The formulated MILP-based MPC problem is finally solved using an accelerated primal decomposition method in a distributed fashion. Unlike existing distributed algorithms commonly proposed in the literature, the algorithm presented in this article is specifically developed for large-scale MILP problems, with guarantees of constraint satisfaction. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is evaluated through several case studies, which demonstrate that it ensures acceptable tracking precision. Furthermore, it supports plug-and-play functionality and enhances scalability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and operational analysis of ship integrated energy system considering partial-load characteristics of equipment and transferable loads","authors":"Xiaolei Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Yingchun Xie ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Haoxun Yuan ,&nbsp;Jin Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of the shipping industry has brought serious energy consumption and environmental pollution issues. Efficient management of the Ship Integrated Energy System (S-IES) has become a critical necessity to promote the sustainable development of the shipping industry. Compared to onshore system, S-IES faces more complex and unstable equipment conditions and load demands, requiring more flexible and reliable system operational strategy. Energy Hub (EH) is an effective and versatile modeling method. In this study, a dynamic EH model considering partial-load characteristics of equipment and transferable loads is established. Using a cruise ship as an application case, the load scheduling schemes for different seasons are analyzed, and the results for three scenarios in each season are compared to validate the model's effectiveness. The results show that accounting for the partial-load characteristics of equipment enhances the accuracy of the system model. Introducing transferable loads improves the operational performance of the system. Compared to the scenarios considering only the partial-load characteristics of equipment, the scenarios that also include transferable loads reduce daily operating costs by 1.61 %, 1.03 %, and 2.05 %, and relatively increase the primary energy utilization rates by 1.87 %, 0.91 %, and 2.16 % in summer, mid-season, and winter, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"False data injection to conceal load-altering attacks via electric vehicles","authors":"Beheshteh Raouf ,&nbsp;Seyedamirabbas Mousavian","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology offers promising solutions for enhancing power systems stability and controllability by utilizing electric vehicles as flexible energy resources. Despite these advantages, the V2G technology can also expose the power system’s security and normal operation to new threats. The risks of a novel attack strategy were investigated where a false data injection attack was used to conceal a load-altering attack through electric vehicle charging stations. Scenarios where an attacker has different levels of knowledge about the system were considered. In the ideal scenario for an attacker where full system knowledge is available, the attack involved a Jacobian method to identify the most vulnerable buses. Chi-squared and maximum normalized residual tests were used to assess the attack success. It was shown that successful attacks causing voltage and frequency instabilities are possible even when the attacker has partial knowledge of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proof of Collaborative Contribution — A consensus protocol that incentivizes contribution with applications to distributed solar energy generation","authors":"Damilare Peter Oyinloye ,&nbsp;Je Sen Teh ,&nbsp;Mohd Najwadi Yusoff","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blockchain technology has been adopted in various sectors including health, energy and agriculture. It functions as a distributed ledger maintained by multiple nodes, relying on consensus protocols to verify transactions and reach agreement. However, conventional protocols like Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) face challenges with scalability and energy efficiency. This paper introduces Proof of Collaborative Contribution (PoCC), a new consensus protocol aimed at encouraging positive network contributions and fostering collaboration. It utilizes a simplified hashing mechanism secured by trusted execution environments (TEEs). As a proof of concept, PoCC is applied to a solar energy generation system, where prosumers are incentivized to offset their energy consumption and feed excess energy back into the grid. Using real-world energy data from AusGrid, our simulations demonstrate that PoCC ensures equitable block leader selection. We also show that PoCC scales well with the number of nodes, consumes significantly less energy than PoW, and is resistant to Sybil and 51% attacks. We also briefly explore other potential applications of PoCC in systems that aim to reward node contributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network-aware MILP model for scheduling multi-energy systems considering carbon emissions and customers’ satisfaction: A DRCC approach","authors":"Shuguang Li ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Ali Jawad Alrubaie ,&nbsp;Mohamed Salem ,&nbsp;Mohammed Sh. Majid ,&nbsp;Rasheed Abdulkader","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of multi-energy systems (MESs) with electricity, natural gas, and heat generations and conversions necessitates efficient management frameworks to harness the offered flexibility by the system components. This paper proposes a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to optimally manage a MES equipped with electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, combined heat and power (CHP) units, renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems, and electric heat pumps. The objective function of the problem is to minimize the operation cost of MES, which includes the cost of purchased energy from the external electricity and gas networks, the cost of carbon emissions, and the penalty to compensate for the dissatisfaction of households and EV owners. The constraints of the electricity grid and natural gas network are incorporated into the proposed energy management scheme using the linearized AC power flow and gas flow equations. Moreover, the uncertainties associated with RESs and demand are modeled using the distributionally robust chance-constrained (DRCC) approach to not only guarantee the robustness of the optimal scheduling plan against uncertainties, but also incorporate the probabilistic nature of these uncertain parameters. Finally, the IEEE 33-bus electricity grid and 14-node gas network are employed to validate the effectiveness and applicability of the presented methodology from the viewpoints of the system operator and customers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101636"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel power flow approach for calculating the steady-state of secondary control in islanded microgrids under cyberattacks","authors":"Evangelos E. Pompodakis,&nbsp;Georgios I. Orfanoudakis,&nbsp;Giannis Katsigiannis,&nbsp;Antonios Tsikalakis,&nbsp;Emmanuel Karapidakis","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under ideal conditions, state-of-the-art methods for computing the power flow of islanded microgrids (MGs) are adequate for estimating the steady-state of the MG. However, this paper demonstrates that cyberattacks targeting the secondary control of the MG can significantly alter the power and frequency of the MG. In such scenarios, these traditional methods fall short, as they do not incorporate the effects of secondary control actions. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a novel power flow formulation incorporating secondary control equations of MGs under cyberattacks. The resulting system is a nonlinear mathematical model, solvable using standard nonlinear solvers such as the Newton Trust Region method. This proposed formulation significantly advances conventional power flow analysis by enabling, for the first time, the computation of steady-state impacts of cyberattacks on the secondary control of islanded MGs. Simulations conducted on 6-bus and 12-bus islanded MGs confirm that the results of the proposed approach match those of Simulink, demonstrating the high accuracy of the method. Moreover, they underscore the advancements of the proposed approach compared to the standard power flow methods traditionally used for steady-state modeling of islanded MGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinated operational optimization of water and power systems under emergency conditions","authors":"Gal Perelman ,&nbsp;Tomer Shmaya ,&nbsp;Aviad Navon ,&nbsp;Stelios Vrachimis ,&nbsp;Mathaios Panteli ,&nbsp;Demetrios G. Eliades ,&nbsp;Avi Ostfeld","doi":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.segan.2025.101643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses the integrated management of Water Distribution Systems (WDS) and Power Distribution Systems (PDS) to enhance operational efficiency and resilience during extreme scenarios. Traditionally, these systems are operated independently, leading to sub-optimal performance. Alternatively, some studies have proposed a joint operation of WDS and PDS, assuming that decisions are made simultaneously by a single decision-maker, which is impractical. We propose a novel emergency control method that relies on sparse communication between WDS and PDS operators, aiming to minimize load shedding (LS) in the PDS by strategically managing power demand in the interconnected WDS. The results show that the proposed coordinated approach has similar performance to a full cooperation approach between the two systems while requiring only minimal information exchange. Our approach demonstrates the potential of limited yet targeted information exchange, fostering cross-sectoral collaboration to maintain service continuity under extreme conditions, and underscores the critical role of integrated management in ensuring the resilience of interconnected infrastructure systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56142,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Grids & Networks","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}