Pierre-Eliot Malleval , Victor Matray , Faisal Amlani , Ronan Scanff , Frédéric Feyel , David Néron
{"title":"Accelerating nonlinear finite element analysis via residual-aware neural network constitutive models","authors":"Pierre-Eliot Malleval , Victor Matray , Faisal Amlani , Ronan Scanff , Frédéric Feyel , David Néron","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) relies heavily on iterative methods such as the Newton–Raphson algorithm, with computational cost primarily driven by the repeated solution of large linear systems (global stage) and the evaluation of nonlinear constitutive laws (local stage). This work proposes a neural network-based surrogate to accelerate the local stage by approximating explicit constitutive models. A compact feed-forward neural network is trained on synthetic data generated from standard material laws and embedded into the commercial solver Simcenter<sup>TM</sup> Samcef®, replacing the local integration of nonlinear equations. To ensure accuracy and robustness, a residual-based safeguard is introduced to restore the original physics-based model when neural network predictions are insufficient. To further explore the benefits of the proposed approach in reducing overall simulation cost, the method is also applied within a reduced-order modeling framework. While such techniques effectively reduce the cost of solving large linear systems, the evaluation of nonlinear terms often remains a dominant bottleneck. The surrogate is therefore also assessed using the nonlinear model reduction method available in <em>Samcef</em>, namely the LATIN-PGD approach, although a detailed study of this method is not the focus of this paper. Beyond simplified test cases, the method is implemented and validated in full-scale, industrially relevant simulations involving elasto-viscoplastic materials. Results from academic and industrial-scale applications, including a high-pressure turbine blade, demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces computation time while preserving solution accuracy. These findings highlight the potential of combining data-driven surrogates with residual-controlled correction to enhance the efficiency and scalability of nonlinear FEA workflows under realistic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hameed S. Lamy , David Avila , Mauricio Aristizabal , David Restrepo , Harry Millwater , Arturo Montoya
{"title":"Sensitivity analysis for problems exhibiting geometric nonlinearities and follower loads using the complex-variable finite element method","authors":"Hameed S. Lamy , David Avila , Mauricio Aristizabal , David Restrepo , Harry Millwater , Arturo Montoya","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an enhanced approach for conducting sensitivity analysis of nonlinear problems involving a combination of geometric nonlinearities and follower loads, particularly those involving displacement-dependent forces. The method utilizes the complex-variable finite element method (ZFEM), incorporating complex algebra into the conventional finite element incremental-iterative procedure to achieve highly accurate derivative calculations. A crucial task in this process is computing a complex-valued, non-constant external force that depends on a complex-valued displacement. The key innovation lies in overcoming challenges associated with sensitivity computation for geometric nonlinearities and follower loads through a streamlined and computationally efficient methodology that can be integrated with commercial finite element software. The method enhances implementation efficiency by avoiding the need for intricate analytical derivations and not depending on unstable numerical approximations, such as the Finite Difference Method (FDM). ZFEM’s versatility and robustness were verified against sensitivity analytical solutions for cantilever beam problems undergoing large elastic rotations and displacements under static and dynamic loading conditions. The numerical examples demonstrated excellent agreement with analytical solutions and finite differencing results, maintaining accuracy and stability across all cases. This research demonstrates that ZFEM significantly increases accessibility for computing sensitivities in complex solid mechanics problems, providing a user-friendly and efficient method for both static and dynamic scenarios involving geometric and follower loads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A rotation-based geometrically nonlinear spectral Reissner–Mindlin shell element","authors":"Nima Azizi , Wolfgang Dornisch","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we propose a geometrically nonlinear spectral shell element based on Reissner–Mindlin kinematics using a rotation-based formulation with additive update of the discrete nodal rotation vector. The formulation is provided in matrix notation in detail. Additionally, we highlight the advantages of the spectral element method (SEM) in combination with Gauss–Lobatto–Legendre quadrature regarding the computational costs to generate the element stiffness matrix. To assess the performance of the new formulation for large deformation analysis, we compare it to three other numerical methods. One of these methods is a non-isoparametric SEM shell using the geometry definition of isogeometric analysis (IGA), while the other two are IGA shell formulations which differ in the rotation interpolation. All formulations base on Rodrigues’ rotation tensor. Through the solution of various challenging numerical examples, it is demonstrated that although IGA benefits from an exact geometric representation, its influence on solution accuracy is less significant than that of shape function characteristics and rotational formulations. Furthermore, we show that the proposed SEM shell, despite its simpler rotational formulation, can produce results comparable to the most accurate and complex version of IGA. Finally, we discuss the optimal SEM strategy, emphasizing the effectiveness of employing coarser meshes with higher-order elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel mesh-reduction technique for deriving closed-form solutions of framed structures using a single finite element per structural member","authors":"Juan Camilo Molina-Villegas, Cristian Posso","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a novel mesh reduction technique designed to enhance the accuracy of Finite Element Method (FEM) results for the analysis of framed structures idealized using rod and beam theories. The proposed method facilitates the derivation of closed-form solutions, including exact nodal displacements, reaction forces, displacement and internal forces response fields within structural elements, while employing a single finite element per structural member. Inspired by the Green’s Functions Stiffness Method, this approach is based on the decomposition of the element’s response into homogeneous and particular or fixed components, both calculated exclusively using analytical shape functions and the stiffness matrix coefficients, which are key inputs in standard FEM formulations for framed elements. This technique can be seamlessly integrated into the post-processing stage of traditional FEM implementations, offering improved computational efficiency and precision of results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient co-rotational formulation for 3D composite beams with two-directional interlayer slip","authors":"Yassir Wardi, Pisey Keo, Mohammed Hjiaj","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present a novel 3D nonlinear formulation for two-layered composite beams that accounts for interlayer slip in both longitudinal and lateral directions. Warping effects are included in a simplified manner, assuming that the warping of each layer does not contribute to the stress resultants of each section, allowing the use of the classical St. Venant warping function to define the warping shape of each subsection. The second-order approximation of the Green–Lagrange strain tensor, combined with linear constitutive laws, is integrated into the principle of virtual work to derive the tangent stiffness matrix of the composite element and its corresponding internal force. To address membrane and slip locking issues, we propose a new averaging strain technique, complemented by quadratic interpolation functions for the axial displacement of the two layers. To account for large displacements and rotations, the co-rotational approach is adopted. The co-rotated local reference frame is constructed by connecting end nodes located at the shear center of the bottom layer of the composite beam. As a result, special treatments are employed to address eccentric forces applied to the top layer of the composite beam. Finally, the performance of the proposed formulation is evaluated using four representative examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Camilo Molina-Villegas, Julián Esteban Ossa Gómez
{"title":"A Green’s function driven mesh reduction technique for obtaining closed-form solutions of uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams on two-parameter elastic foundations","authors":"Juan Camilo Molina-Villegas, Julián Esteban Ossa Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the formulation of the Green’s Function Stiffness Method (GFSM) for the static analysis of linearly elastic uniform Euler–Bernoulli beams on two-parameter elastic foundations subjected to arbitrary external loads. The GFSM is a mesh-reduction method closely related to the Finite Element Method (FEM) family, offering a means to compute closed-form solutions for framed structures. It is based on a strong-form formulation and decomposes the element-level response into homogeneous and fixed (particular) components, the latter obtained analytically using Green’s functions of fixed-end elements. The method retains essential FEM features — including shape functions, stiffness matrices, and fixed-end force vectors — while extending the capabilities of the Transcendental Finite Element Method (TFEM), a FEM variant that employs exact shape functions. In this context, the GFSM serves as a post-processing enhancement that transforms the approximate TFEM solution into an exact closed-form. A defining characteristic of the GFSM is that its formulation relies solely on the solution of the homogeneous form of the governing differential equations — specifically, the shape functions and stiffness matrix coefficients that constitute the core of the TFEM. The effectiveness of the GFSM is demonstrated through two examples, where its results are compared against those obtained from TFEM with varying levels of mesh refinement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An unsymmetric 4-node quadrilateral Reissner–Mindlin plate element using radial–polynomial interpolation for linear and nonlinear analyses","authors":"Yan-Liang Ju, Ying-Qing Huang, Hai-Bo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Reissner–Mindlin plate elements often encounter considerable challenges, particularly their sensitivity to mesh distortion and limited accuracy in stress prediction. This study introduces a novel unsymmetric quadrilateral plate element formulation, extending its application to doubly-curved shells and geometrically nonlinear analysis. The formulation differentiates between test and trial functions to independently construct virtual and real displacement fields, respectively. The virtual displacement field is constructed using standard isoparametric interpolation combined with the mixed interpolation of tensorial components method, effectively suppressing shear locking whilst maintaining inter-element displacement continuity. This construction technique also retains the advantages of isoparametric elements in applying boundary conditions and calculating equivalent nodal external force. Meanwhile, the real displacement field is generated through a radial–polynomial interpolation strategy, using element supports to substantially improve inter-element stress continuity. Numerical examples confirm that the new element successfully eliminates shear locking, exhibits high resistance to mesh distortion, achieves high stress accuracy and ensures excellent inter-element stress continuity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Benítez , A. Bermúdez , P. Fontán , I. Martínez , P. Salgado
{"title":"A pure-Lagrangian finite element approach for solving thermo-electrical-mechanical models. Application to electric upsetting","authors":"M. Benítez , A. Bermúdez , P. Fontán , I. Martínez , P. Salgado","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we introduce a novel numerical procedure for solving fully coupled thermo-electrical-mechanical problems using implicit Runge–Kutta time integration within a purely Lagrangian finite element framework. Our formulation, grounded in continuum mechanics, accurately captures the interdependence of mechanical, thermal, and electrical effects under large deformations. It features a fully coupled thermo-electrical-mechanical Lagrangian model with an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive law, considers six primary variables –velocity, temperature, electric potential, plastic deformation gradient, an internal strain hardening variable, and a Lagrange multiplier for enforcing contact conditions– and employs a pure-Lagrangian description. This ensures the computational domain remains fixed and known a priori, simplifies the tracking of free surfaces, and eliminates convective terms. To validate our approach, we solve several axisymmetric benchmark problems and analyze convergence rates in both time and space. Moreover, our numerical results show excellent agreement with the solution obtained using commercial packages for an in-die electric upsetting process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Ye , Shanzhi Liu , Weibin Wen , Pan Wang , Jun Liang
{"title":"A novel quasi-smooth manifold element method for structural transient heat conduction analysis with radiation and nonlinear boundaries","authors":"Xin Ye , Shanzhi Liu , Weibin Wen , Pan Wang , Jun Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel quasi-smooth manifold element (QSME) method to solve structural heat conduction problem. Compared with the conventional finite element (FE) method, the main advantage of the QSME method is the use of high-order local approximation. This ensures the continuity of first-order derivatives at element nodes, enhancing computation accuracy. The results show that the QSME method has high computation accuracy and efficiency. It can effectively solve the nonlinear thermal radiation problem of complex geometries. Under the same degrees of freedom (DOFs), the QSME method achieves at least one-order magnitude higher accuracy than the conventional FE method. Moreover, compared with the FE method, it attains faster convergence rate and requires far less DOFs to achieve the roughly same solution accuracy. This method provides an efficient computational tool for heat conduction analysis and coupled multi-physics simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient finite element framework for static and buckling analysis of variable angle tow composite plates using thickness stretching kinematic model","authors":"Mohnish Kumar Sahu , Pokhraj Harshal , Prakash Chettri , Himanshu , Devesh Punera","doi":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finel.2025.104415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variable Angle Tow (VAT) composites are advanced materials that enable spatial stiffness tailoring within the lamina through curvilinear fibre paths, in contrast to the conventional constant stiffness composites, which use straight fibre profiles. The analysis of such complex structures necessitates refined two-dimensional plate theories capable of accurately capturing their mechanical behaviour with optimal trade-off between accuracy and computational demand. This study presents static and buckling analysis of VAT composite plates using the Equivalent Single Layer (ESL)-based Higher Order Shear Deformation and Normal Theory (HOSNT12). The governing equations are solved using the finite element approach. A key novelty lies in the integration of HOSNT12 with the Gauss Point Change (GPC) strategy and its comparison with the Constant Stiffness Element (CSE) approach, including an investigation of varying Gauss point distributions. Unlike traditional ESL models, the proposed formulation captures thickness-stretching effects, making it well suited for moderately thick and thick composite plates. The study assesses the influence of fibre angle orientations on static and buckling behaviour in addition to the evaluation of the stress concentration around the central hole in VAT plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56133,"journal":{"name":"Finite Elements in Analysis and Design","volume":"251 ","pages":"Article 104415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}