Journal of Nippon Medical School最新文献_第5页

The Oikawa-Nagao Mouse: A Polygenic Animal Model for Unraveling the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity. Oikawa-Nagao小鼠：揭示2型糖尿病和肥胖病理生理的多基因动物模型。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-104

Mototsugu Nagao, Shinichi Oikawa

{"title":"The Oikawa-Nagao Mouse: A Polygenic Animal Model for Unraveling the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.","authors":"Mototsugu Nagao, Shinichi Oikawa","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-104","DOIUrl":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-104","url":null,"abstract":"The Oikawa-Nagao (ON) mouse is a polygenic animal model of type 2 diabetes and obesity developed by selective breeding of mice with inferior glucose tolerance [diabetes-prone (ON mouse DP®; ON-DP) strain] and superior glucose tolerance [diabetes-resistant (ON mouse DR®; ON-DR) strain]. Hybrid mice of three different inbred strains (C57BL/6, AKR, and AKR) were fed a high-fat diet and then selectively bred for higher and lower post-challenge blood glucose levels in oral glucose tolerance tests over 20 generations. Compared to ON-DR mice, ON-DP mice were found to be predisposed to develop obesity and diabetes after being fed a high-fat diet. Our recent studies suggest that the emergence of these phenotypes is associated with novel pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and obesity, such as low insulin secretion capacity associated with high CD36 expression in pancreatic β-cells and hypoleptinemia preceding obesity due to low leptin secretion capacity in adipocytes. In addition, it has been suggested that ON-DP mice fed an atherogenic diet are a suitable model to reproduce atherosclerotic lesion formation due to fluctuations in blood glucose levels. This may facilitate the elucidation of mechanisms underlying diabetic macrovascular complications. This review will present the development strategy of the ON mouse strain, representative metabolic phenotypes and their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, their relevance to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and obesity in humans will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Image Processing Method for Plain Radiography Improves Detection of Bone Metastases. x线平片新图像处理方法提高骨转移的检测。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-108

Yasuyuki Kitagawa, Yushi Yamaguchi, Keisuke Atsumi, Yuki Katano, Kazuma Miura, Daiki Saito, Eishi Nakamura, Yuta Mohri, Naohiko Tomita, Tokifumi Majima

{"title":"New Image Processing Method for Plain Radiography Improves Detection of Bone Metastases.","authors":"Yasuyuki Kitagawa, Yushi Yamaguchi, Keisuke Atsumi, Yuki Katano, Kazuma Miura, Daiki Saito, Eishi Nakamura, Yuta Mohri, Naohiko Tomita, Tokifumi Majima","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-108","DOIUrl":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diagnosis of bone metastases would be hastened if they could be detected on plain radiographs obtained at the first visit to an orthopedic surgeon. However, lesions are often undetectable on plain radiography. Bone metastasis is diagnosed at the first visit in only a few patients, and diagnosis is delayed in many cases. We investigated the diagnostic performance of plain radiography that used a new image processing method, Dynamic Visualization II (DV), to diagnose bone metastases.Methods: We enrolled 29 patients with symptomatic pelvic bone metastases who visited our hospital between April 2018 and March 2021. The evaluation images were created by processing the original plain radiography data with the default settings for DV (Presets 1-4). Processing with Preset 1 resulted in an image converted to conventional film parameters, whereas Presets 2-4 utilized different DV processing methods. The readers were six orthopedic trainees, and the reading time was 30 seconds per image. The rate of correct answers for images processed with Preset 1 was compared to the rates for those processed with the other presets. Additionally, the rate of correct answers was analyzed in relation to clinical variables.Results: The correct answer rate was significantly higher for Preset 3 (43.7%) and Preset 4 (42.5%) than for Preset 1 (28.7%). Correct answer rates for Presets 3 and 4 were significantly higher for elderly patients, male patients, patients with innominate bone lesions, patients with osteolytic bone metastases, and patients with a normal body weight.Conclusions: Image processing by DV improved diagnosis of bone metastases by plain radiography. DV might hasten diagnosis of bone metastases and help prevent associated complications.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Drug Therapy on T Lymphocyte Subsets and the Associations of These Subsets with Recurrent Chronic Bronchitis Attacks. 药物治疗对T淋巴细胞亚群的影响及其与慢性支气管炎复发性发作的关系

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-111

Jing Zhang, Shan Wang, Yun Shi, Chunting Tan

{"title":"Effects of Drug Therapy on T Lymphocyte Subsets and the Associations of These Subsets with Recurrent Chronic Bronchitis Attacks.","authors":"Jing Zhang, Shan Wang, Yun Shi, Chunting Tan","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-111","DOIUrl":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-111","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We evaluated the effects of drug therapy on T lymphocyte subsets and their associations with recurrent chronic bronchitis (CB) attacks.Methods: A total of 162 CB patients treated from April 2020 to April 2021 were selected. All patients underwent anti-infective, cough-relieving, and phlegm-eliminating treatment, as detailed in Clinical Pathway for Chronic Bronchitis. They were divided into a recurrent attack group (n=95) and a non-recurrent attack group (n=67). Changes in T lymphocyte subsets at different time points of treatment and their associations with the number of attacks were analyzed. Associated factors were analyzed in a multivariate logistic regression model, and their predictive value was validated using a nomogram prediction model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results: The number of attacks at 1 year after treatment was positively correlated with CD8+ and negatively correlated with CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+. A history of smoking, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+ were independent risk factors for recurrent attacks. The nomogram prediction model showed that the total risk value corresponding to smoking history, low CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+, and elevated CD8+ was 0.86, and the concordance index and area under the ROC curve of the model was 0.896 (95% CI: 0.782-0.997, P<0.05) and 0.816 (95% CI: 0.803-0.847, P<0.001), respectively. There was an association between T lymphocyte subsets and recurrent attacks before and after treatment of CB.Conclusions: Low CD3+, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+, elevated CD8+, and smoking history were risk factors for recurrent attack.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence and Risk Factors for Subsequent Adverse Events among Outpatients after an In-Hospital Fall. 住院患者跌倒后门诊患者不良事件的发生率及危险因素

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-407

Eitaro Kodani, Yukiko Takeda, Misako Iida, Yukiko Takagi, Tami Okumura, Eriko Miyao, Masami Akeda

{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors for Subsequent Adverse Events among Outpatients after an In-Hospital Fall.","authors":"Eitaro Kodani, Yukiko Takeda, Misako Iida, Yukiko Takagi, Tami Okumura, Eriko Miyao, Masami Akeda","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-407","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Information is limited on the incidence and risk factors for further serious conditions after an in-hospital fall. Using data from the incident-accident reports, we assessed the incidence and risk factors for subsequent adverse events (SAEs) among outpatients after in-hospital falls.Methods: Incident-accident reports from April 2017 to March 2024 at Nippon Medical School Tama Nagayama Hospital were reviewed to identify outpatient falls. Data on patient characteristics and fall-related details were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for SAEs.Results: We analyzed data from 118 outpatients with in-hospital falls (mean age: 76.4±11.7 years; male: 56.8%): 39 (33.1%) experienced SAEs, including 5 fractures (4.2%), 13 functional disorders (11.0%), 17 surgical procedures (14.4%), and 17 admissions (14.4%). Multivariable analysis showed that males had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for SAEs than females, even after adjusting for age (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.21-6.48; P=0.016). For each SAE, the floor of the fall, number of previous falls, and site of the fall were significantly associated with a subsequent fracture, functional disorder, and surgical procedure after an in-hospital fall, respectively.Conclusions: The incidence rate of SAEs among outpatients with in-hospital falls was 33.1%. Male sex was the only significant risk factor for SAEs, and factors contributing to individual SAE types were distinct. To prevent further adverse outcomes after in-hospital falls, medical staff should pay more attention to patients with these risk factors.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 4","pages":"349-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on "Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Inhibit Coronary Artery Vasculitis in a Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease". 评论“人脂肪组织来源的干细胞抑制川崎病小鼠模型冠状动脉血管炎”。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-410

Yasuyuki Negishi

引用次数: 0

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Japan, Now and in the Future. 日本的高压氧治疗，现在和未来。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-311

Gen Takagi

引用次数: 0

Constipation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis. 急性缺血性脑卒中患者便秘：单中心回顾性分析

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-204

Akihito Kutsuna, Yasuhiro Nishiyama, Yuki Sakamoto, Fumiaki Suzuki, Toshiyuki Hayashi, Yosuke Fujisawa, Kentaro Suzuki, Junya Aoki, Kazumi Kimura

{"title":"Constipation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Akihito Kutsuna, Yasuhiro Nishiyama, Yuki Sakamoto, Fumiaki Suzuki, Toshiyuki Hayashi, Yosuke Fujisawa, Kentaro Suzuki, Junya Aoki, Kazumi Kimura","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Constipation, a symptom of autonomic nervous system dysfunction affecting gastrointestinal motility, is common after acute ischemic stroke. The insular cortex is associated with autonomic symptoms, and damage to the left insula may result in constipation. We investigated the association between constipation and left-sided insular infarction in patients with acute stroke.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive patients who received a diagnosis of acute infarction in the middle cerebral artery territory between January 2015 and December 2018. Constipation was defined as bowel movements less often than three times a week or a prescription for laxatives within 2 weeks of stroke onset. Clinical characteristics and factors associated with constipation were evaluated.Results: Among 892 patients (mean age, 75 [66-82] years; male, 566 [63.5%]), 301 (32.8%) had constipation. Infarction involving the insula (57.7% vs. 25.1%) and left-sided infarction (62.5% vs. 46.4%) were more frequent in patients with constipation than in those without constipation. In multivariable analysis, infarction involving the insula (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-3.36; P<0.001), left-sided infarction (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.40-2.64; P<0.001), and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (aOR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06; P<0.001) were associated with constipation. The incidence of constipation was highest in cases of left-sided infarction with insular involvement (69.2%).Conclusions: Left-sided infarction, infarction involving the insular cortex, and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Score were identified as independent factors associated with constipation in patients with acute stroke.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 2","pages":"154-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Neonate with Severe Acidosis Caused by Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Maternal Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes. 新生儿重度酸中毒与母亲暴发性1型糖尿病相关的糖尿病酮症酸中毒

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-201

Kenta Igami, Yoshio Shima, Sakae Kumasaka, Haruka Iwata, Naoyuki Ikari, Toshiaki Shimizu

{"title":"A Neonate with Severe Acidosis Caused by Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated with Maternal Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Kenta Igami, Yoshio Shima, Sakae Kumasaka, Haruka Iwata, Naoyuki Ikari, Toshiaki Shimizu","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-201","DOIUrl":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-201","url":null,"abstract":"Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (fulminant T1DM) can progress rapidly to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). It can develop in pregnant women with no prior history of diabetes, and such cases are associated with severe perinatal consequences. We report the detailed clinical course of a neonate born from a mother with DKA caused by fulminant T1DM. The male neonate weighed 3,024 grams and was born at 36 weeks of gestation. The patient's mother had an uneventful pregnancy until she visited the hospital on the day of delivery with headache, nausea, and decreased fetal movement. The APGAR score of the neonate was 8/8, but he was transferred to our hospital for further evaluation because umbilical cord blood gas analysis showed unexplained acidosis (pH = 6.92). We were later informed that the mother was diagnosed as having DKA due to fulminant T1DM after the neonate was born. On admission, laboratory testing of the neonate revealed hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperkalemia, all of which were induced by the mother's metabolic condition. Intravenous glucose supplementation resolved the neonate's metabolic derangement, and he was discharged on day 10. He showed no neurological abnormalities, but magnetic resonance imaging showed lesions indicating hypoglycemic encephalopathy. Maternal fulminant T1DM and DKA should be considered in neonates with severe metabolic acidosis. Even a neonate who is asymptomatic at birth may rapidly develop severe disease.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 2","pages":"216-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on "Risk Factors for Esophagojejunal Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy". “全胃切除术后食管空肠吻合口瘘的危险因素”综述。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-312

Hitoshi Kanno

引用次数: 0

Image Quality and Vessel Rendering Ability of Dynamic Range Compression-Processed Images of Peripheral Vessels in Digital Subtraction Angiography. 数字减影血管造影中周围血管动态范围压缩图像的图像质量和血管渲染能力。

IF 1.2 4区医学

Journal of Nippon Medical School Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-309

Yuzo Yamamoto, Hidenori Yamaguchi, Hiroki Sato, Toshiya Kariyasu, Shingo Harashima, Toshiyuki Yuhara, Shinji Ota, Makiko Nishikawa, Koji Tanigaki, Haruhiko Machida

{"title":"Image Quality and Vessel Rendering Ability of Dynamic Range Compression-Processed Images of Peripheral Vessels in Digital Subtraction Angiography.","authors":"Yuzo Yamamoto, Hidenori Yamaguchi, Hiroki Sato, Toshiya Kariyasu, Shingo Harashima, Toshiyuki Yuhara, Shinji Ota, Makiko Nishikawa, Koji Tanigaki, Haruhiko Machida","doi":"10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-309","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In emergency interventional radiology (IR), patient motion and poor breath-holding often result in misregistration during digital subtraction angiography (DSA). As a countermeasure, digital angiography (DA) without subtraction processing is used for observation; however, evaluation is limited to areas overlapping with low X-ray transmissivity structures, such as bone. Dynamic trace (DT) is capable of real-time background compression processing of peripheral blood vessels in DA images and ensures visibility of blood vessels in such areas, without being affected by body motion. We evaluated the image quality and visualization of peripheral vascularity of DA and DT images obtained from DSA of the trunk and examined the usefulness of DT.Methods: Data from 13 patients who underwent emergency IR involving trunk DSA between October 2022 and June 2023 were analyzed. DA and DT images were created from these angiographic images, and two independent IR specialists used a 4-point scale to visually evaluate the contrast, sharpness, and peripheral vascular visibility of the proximal and distal portions of 42 arteries. The image quality scores for DA and DT images were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and inter-rater agreement was evaluated using weighting coefficients.Results: As compared with the DA images, the DT images were significantly better at all endpoints (P < 0.001). Inter-rater agreement was moderate for all assessment items.Conclusions: DT images are not affected by body motion and display better image quality and visualization of peripheral vascularity than DA images, making them useful for emergency IR of the trunk.","PeriodicalId":56076,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nippon Medical School","volume":"92 3","pages":"279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0