Journal of Gastric Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Worse Survival of Patients With T1 Stage II Gastric Cancer Following Radical Gastrectomy.","authors":"Hayemin Lee, Kyo Young Song, Han Hong Lee, Junhyun Lee","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e40","DOIUrl":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lymph node (LN) metastasis is a crucial factor in the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and is known to occur more frequently in cases with an advanced T stage. This study aimed to analyze the survival data of patients with advanced LN metastasis in T1 GC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From January 2008 to June 2018, 677 patients with pathological stage II GC who underwent radical gastrectomy were divided into an early GC group (EG: T1N2 and T1N3a, n=103) and an advanced GC (AGC) group (AG: T2N1, T2N2, T3N0, T3N1, and T4aN0, n=574). Short- and long-term survival rates were compared between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 80.6% (n=83) of the patients in the EG group and 52.8% (n=303) in the AG group had stage IIA AGC. The extent of LN dissection, number of retrieved LNs, and short-term morbidity and mortality rates did not differ between the 2 groups. The 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) of all patients was 87.8% and the overall survival was 84.0%. RFS was lower in the EG group than in the AG group (82.2% vs. 88.7%, P<i>=</i>0.047). This difference was more pronounced among patients with stage IIA (82.4% vs. 92.9%, P<i>=</i>0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T1 GC with multiple LN metastases seems to have a worse prognosis compared to tumors with higher T-stages at the same level. Adjuvant chemotherapy is highly recommended for these patients, and future staging systems may require upstaging T1N2-stage tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 4","pages":"598-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Journal of Gastric Cancer</i>: Navigating the Future With the KGCA Guidelines and Nationwide Surveys.","authors":"Ki Bum Park, Han Hong Lee","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e39","DOIUrl":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 4","pages":"509-511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Functional and Patient-reported Outcomes Between Intra-corporeal Delta-shaped Gastroduodenostomy and Gastrojejunostomy After Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy.","authors":"Sin Hye Park, Hong Man Yoon, Keun Won Ryu, Young-Woo Kim, Mira Han, Bang Wool Eom","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e35","DOIUrl":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the long-term functional and patient-reported outcomes between intra-corporeal delta-shaped gastroduodenostomy and gastrojejunostomy after laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed clinicopathological data from 616 patients who had undergone laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for stage I gastric cancer between January 2015 and September 2020. Among them, 232 patients who had undergone delta-shaped anastomosis and another 232 who had undergone Billroth II anastomosis were matched using propensity scores. Confounding variables included age, sex, body mass index, physical status classification, tumor location, and T classification. Postoperative complications, nutritional outcomes, endoscopic findings, and quality of life (QoL) were compared between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in postoperative complications or nutritional parameters between the two groups were observed. Annual endoscopic findings revealed more residual food and less bile reflux in the delta group (P<0.001) than in the Billroth II group. Changes of QoL were significantly different regarding emotional function, insomnia, diarrhea, reflux symptoms, and dry mouth (P=0.007, P=0.002, P=0.013, P=0.001, and P=0.03, respectively). Among them, the delta group had worse insomnia, reflux symptoms, and dry mouth within three months postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term nutritional outcomes and QoL were comparable between the delta and Billroth II groups. However, more residual food and worse short-term QoL regarding insomnia, reflux symptoms, and dry mouth were observed in the delta group. Longer fasting time before endoscopic evaluation and short-term symptom management would have been helpful for the delta group.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 4","pages":"561-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Gastric Cancer Diagnosis and Stage: A Single-Institute Study in South Korea.","authors":"Moonki Hong, Mingee Choi, JiHyun Lee, Kyoo Hyun Kim, Hyunwook Kim, Choong-Kun Lee, Hyo Song Kim, Sun Young Rha, Gyu Young Pih, Yoon Jin Choi, Da Hyun Jung, Jun Chul Park, Sung Kwan Shin, Sang Kil Lee, Yong Chan Lee, Minah Cho, Yoo Min Kim, Hyoung-Il Kim, Jae-Ho Cheong, Woo Jin Hyung, Jaeyong Shin, Minkyu Jung","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e36","DOIUrl":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most prevalent and fatal cancers worldwide. National cancer screening programs in countries with high incidences of this disease provide medical aid beneficiaries with free-of-charge screening involving upper endoscopy to detect early-stage GC. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major disruptions to routine healthcare access. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis, overall incidence, and stage distribution of GC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We identified patients in our hospital cancer registry who were diagnosed with GC between January 2018 and December 2021 and compared the cancer stage at diagnosis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age and sex. The years 2018 and 2019 were defined as the \"before COVID\" period, and the years 2020 and 2021 as the \"during COVID\" period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 10,875 patients were evaluated; 6,535 and 4,340 patients were diagnosed before and during the COVID-19 period, respectively. The number of diagnoses was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic (189 patients/month vs. 264 patients/month) than before it. Notably, the proportion of patients with stages 3 or 4 GC in 2021 was higher among men and patients aged ≥40 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the overall number of GC diagnoses decreased significantly in a single institute. Moreover, GCs were in more advanced stages at the time of diagnosis. Further studies are required to elucidate the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the delay in the detection of GC worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 4","pages":"574-583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10630563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Compliance of Surgical Treatment According to the Korean Gastric Cancer Guideline 2018: Evaluation From the Nationwide Survey Data 2019 in Korea.","authors":"Sang Soo Eom, Sin Hye Park, B. Eom, Hong Man Yoon, Young-Woo Kim, K. Ryu","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e32","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000This study evaluated real-world compliance with surgical treatment according to Korea's gastric cancer treatment guidelines.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000The 2018 Korean Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines were evaluated using the 2019 national survey data for surgically treated gastric cancer based on postoperative pathological results in Korea. In addition, the changes in surgical treatments in 2019 were compared with those in the 2014 national survey data implemented before the publication of the guidelines in 2018. The compliance rate was evaluated according to the algorithm recommended in the 2018 Korean guidelines.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The overall compliance rates in 2019 were 83% for gastric resection extent, 87% for lymph node dissection, 100% for surgical approach, and 83% for adjuvant chemotherapy, similar to 2014. Among patients with pathologic stages IB, II, and III disease who underwent total gastrectomy, the incidence of splenectomy was 8.08%, a practice not recommended by the guidelines. The survey findings revealed that 48.66% of the patients who underwent gastrectomy had pathological stage IV disease, which was not recommended by the 2019 guidelines. Compared to that in 2014, the rate of gastrectomy in stage IV patients was 54.53% in 2014. Compliance rates were similar across all regions of Korea, except for gastrectomy in patients with stage IV disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Real-world compliance with gastric cancer treatment guidelines was relatively high in Korea.","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"29 1","pages":"535-548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90727897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Laparoscopic and Open Gastrectomy for Patients With Gastric Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study Based on the Korean Gastric Cancer Association Nationwide Survey.","authors":"Seul Ki Oh,&nbsp;Chang Seok Ko,&nbsp;Seong-A Jeong,&nbsp;Jeong Hwan Yook,&nbsp;Moon-Won Yoo,&nbsp;Beom Su Kim,&nbsp;In-Seob Lee,&nbsp;Chung Sik Gong,&nbsp;Sa-Hong Min,&nbsp;Na Young Kim","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite scientific evidence regarding laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) for advanced gastric cancer treatment, its application in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used the 2019 Korean Gastric Cancer Association nationwide survey database to extract data from 489 patients with primary gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After propensity score matching analysis, we compared the surgical outcomes of 97 patients who underwent LG and 97 patients who underwent open gastrectomy (OG). We investigated the risk factors for postoperative complications using multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The operative time was significantly shorter in the OG group. Patients in the LG group had significantly less blood loss than those in the OG group. Hospital stay and overall postoperative complications were similar between the two groups. The incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications in the LG group was comparable with that in the OG group (1.03% vs. 4.12%, P=0.215). No statistically significant difference was observed in the number of harvested lymph nodes between the two groups (38.60 vs. 35.79, P=0.182). Multivariate analysis identified body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 1.824; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.029-3.234; P=0.040) and extent of resection (OR, 3.154; 95% CI, 1.084-9.174; P=0.035) as independent risk factors for overall postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a large nationwide multicenter survey database, we demonstrated that LG and OG had comparable short-term outcomes in patients with gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 3","pages":"499-508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/f7/jgc-23-499.PMC10412975.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9980540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complication After Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer According to Hospital Volume: Based on Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey Data.","authors":"Sang-Ho Jeong,&nbsp;Moon-Won Yoo,&nbsp;Miyeong Park,&nbsp;Kyung Won Seo,&nbsp;Jae-Seok Min","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the incidence and risk factors of complications following gastric cancer surgery in Korea and to compare the correlation between hospital complications based on the annual number of gastrectomies performed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from 12,244 patients from 64 Korean institutions. Complications were classified using the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for severe complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative complications occurred in 14% of the patients, severe complications (CDC IIIa or higher) in 4.9%, and postoperative death in 0.2%. The study found that age, stage, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score, hospital stay, approach methods, and extent of gastric resection showed statistically significant differences depending on hospital volumes (P<0.05). In the univariate analysis, patient age, comorbidity, ASA score, ECOG score, approach methods, extent of gastric resection, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and hospital volume were significant risk factors for severe complications. However, only age, sex, ASA score, ECOG score, extent of gastric resection, and TNM stage were statistically significant in the multivariate analysis (P<0.05). Hospital volume was not a significant risk factor in the multivariate analysis (P=0.152).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hospital volume was not a significant risk factor for complications after gastric cancer surgery. The differences in the frequencies of complications based on hospital volumes may be attributed to larger hospitals treating patients with younger age, lower ASA scores, better general conditions, and earlier TNM stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 3","pages":"462-475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/e3/jgc-23-462.PMC10412979.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of ClearCut™ Knife H-type in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Neoplasms: A Multicenter, Randomized Trial.","authors":"Eun Jeong Gong,&nbsp;Hyun Lim,&nbsp;Sang Jin Lee,&nbsp;Do Hoon Kim","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective treatment for early gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, this is a time-consuming procedure requiring various devices. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the ClearCut™ Knife H-type, which is an integrated needle-tipped and insulated-tipped (IT) knife.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between July 2020 and September 2021, 99 patients with gastric epithelial neoplasms scheduled for ESD at three tertiary care hospitals were randomly assigned to H-knife (ClearCut™ Knife H-type) or IT-knife (conventional IT knife) groups. Procedure times, therapeutic outcomes, and adverse events were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 98 patients (50 in the H-knife group and 48 in the IT-knife group) were analyzed. The median total procedure time was 11.9 minutes (range, 4.4-47.2 minutes) in the H-knife group and 12.7 minutes (range, 5.2-137.7 minutes) in the IT-knife group (P=0.209). Unlike the IT-knife group, which required additional devices in all cases, no additional devices were used in the H-knife group (P<0.001). En-bloc resection was performed for all lesions in both groups. The incidence of adverse events was not significantly different between groups (4.0% in the H-knife group vs. 8.3% in the IT-knife group; P=0.431).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The newly developed hybrid device, the ClearCut™ Knife H-type, had comparable efficacy to the conventional IT knife for gastric ESD.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0005164.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 3","pages":"451-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/86/ae/jgc-23-451.PMC10412977.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Potential of Reduced Port Surgery for Total Gastrectomy With Overlap Esophagojejunal Anastomosis Method.","authors":"Ho Seok Seo,&nbsp;Sojung Kim,&nbsp;Kyo Young Song,&nbsp;Han Hong Lee","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Reduced port surgery (RPS) for gastric cancer has been frequently reported in distal gastrectomies but rarely in total gastrectomies. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of 3-port totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) with overlapping esophagojejunal (EJ) anastomosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 81 patients who underwent curative TLTG for gastric cancer (36 and 45 patients with 3-port and 5-port TLTG, respectively) were evaluated. All 3-port TLTG procedures were performed with the same method as 5-port TLTG, including EJ anastomosis with the intracorporeal overlap method using a linear stapler, except for the number of ports and assistants. Short-term outcomes, including the number of lymph nodes (LNs) harvested by station and postoperative complications, were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical characteristics were not significantly different among the groups, except that the 3-port TLTG group was younger and had a lower rate of pulmonary comorbidity. There were no cases of open conversion or additional port placement. All operative details and the number of harvested LNs did not differ between the groups, but the rate of suprapancreatic LN harvest was higher in the 3-port TLTG group. No significant differences were observed in the overall complication rates between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three-port TLTG with overlapping EJ anastomoses using a linear stapler is a feasible RPS procedure for total gastrectomy to treat gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 3","pages":"487-498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/75/jgc-23-487.PMC10412980.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Surgery and Its Potential for Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Takahiro Kinoshita,&nbsp;Masaru Komatsu","doi":"10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant progress in recent years, and many medical fields are attempting to introduce AI technology into clinical practice. Currently, much research is being conducted to evaluate that AI can be incorporated into surgical procedures to make them safer and more efficient, subsequently to obtain better outcomes for patients. In this paper, we review basic AI research regarding surgery and discuss the potential for implementing AI technology in gastric cancer surgery. At present, research and development is focused on AI technologies that assist the surgeon's understandings and judgment during surgery, such as anatomical navigation. AI systems are also being developed to recognize in which the surgical phase is ongoing. Such a surgical phase recognition systems is considered for effective storage of surgical videos and education, in the future, for use in systems to objectively evaluate the skill of surgeons. At this time, it is not considered practical to let AI make intraoperative decisions or move forceps automatically from an ethical standpoint, too. At present, AI research on surgery has various limitations, and it is desirable to develop practical systems that will truly benefit clinical practice in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":56072,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastric Cancer","volume":"23 3","pages":"400-409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/1f/jgc-23-400.PMC10412972.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10330668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}