Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Appropriate needle insertion depth for trigger point injections of the parascapular region.","authors":"Mehmet Okçu, Muhammed Alpaslan, Yeliz Dadalı, Samet Sancar Kaya, Özkan Görgülü","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.14711","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.14711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine the appropriate needle insertion depth for the parascapular region.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted with 1,015 participants (536 males, 479 females; mean age: 57.1±}14.9 years; range, 18 to 95 years) between December 2017 and December 2019. The distances from the skin to the pleura and the skin to the muscle were measured at the reference points according to the literature for the upper trapezius and rhomboid major muscles from the chest computed tomography images of the patients. The midpoint of these two points was determined as a third point. In addition, the thinnest point in the medial of the scapula was determined as the fourth point, and depth measurements were made from these four points. Measurements were compared among groups stratified by age, sex, and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The measured depths from the skin to the muscle and the skin to the pleura significantly differed between groups (p<0.01). At three of the measurement points, the skin-to-pleura distances of females were shorter than that of males, while the skin-to-muscle distances were longer (p<0.01). The mean, minimum, and maximum values of the depths were determined for the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We recommend clinicians who apply injection to the parascapular region consider the patients' age, sex, and body mass index. The tables provided in this study may help guide clinicians performing the procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"150-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish version of the American Academy of Orofacial Pain screening questionnaire for temporomandibular disorders: Its cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability.","authors":"Tuğçe Özekli Mısırlıoğlu, Özden Özyemişci Taşkıran, Deniz Palamar, Caner Günerbüyük, Pelin Yıldız, Arzu Baygül, Kenan Akgün","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16674","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP) screening questionnaire and assess its validity and reliability.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included a total of 60 patients (16 males, 44 females; mean age: 50.9±17.3 years; range, 19 to 84 years) admitted to a Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic  between January 2016 and June 2016. Backward and forward translation of AAOP questionnaire was performed in both languages. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders was used to as a reference standard. Validity was assessed with internal construct and criterion validity. Reliability was evaluated with test-retest reliability and internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven percent of the patients were classified as having a temporomandibular disorder. The factor analysis yielded three components that explained 63.8% of the variance. The internal consistency of the AAOP questionnaire was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha value=0.781). The correlation coefficient for the intra- and interrater reliability were found as 0.740 and 0.713, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Turkish version of the AAOP screening questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for screening of patients admitted to physical medicine and rehabilitation outpatient clinics with a good internal consistency, intra- and interrater reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment to the article: Where and how should prolotherapy and steroid injections be administered for optimal outcomes in plantar fasciitis?","authors":"Alper Mengi","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16992","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16992","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"268-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From obesity to foot drop: A rare but reversible complication of bariatric surgery.","authors":"Demet Ferahman, Elif Sena Özkaya, Ümit Yalçın","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16616","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peroneal neuropathy is one of the rarest yet disabling complications that could occur after rapid weight loss following a bariatric surgery. Herein, we reported a 23-year-old female patient who developed foot drop after losing 88% of her excess weight within six months after having laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Electrophysiological studies showed total common peroneal nerve involvement. Within three months, the patient showed a full functional and electrophysiological recovery after receiving conservative treatment. This case emphasizes the significance of early diagnosis, as well as the potential role of corticosteroids in individualized, nonsurgical management of peroneal neuropathy in bariatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"264-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hand functional indices in association to clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data in patients with systemic sclerosis.","authors":"Ayşegül Yetişir, Gizem Varkal, Volkan Deniz, Aylin Sariyildiz, İpek Türk","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16356","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.16356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compare the clinical, radiological, and general health status of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) using the Duruöz Hand Index (DHI) and the modified Hand Mobility in Scleroderma (mHAMIS) test.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, single-center study included 71 patients (68 females, 3 males; mean age: 49.1± 8.1 years; range, 31 to 69 years) with SSc between January 2024 and August 2024. We recorded sociodemographic data, disease-related parameters, laboratory parameters, medications, physical examination findings of the hand, direct radiographic changes, and the degree of skin stiffness with the modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) in patients with SSc. Hand function was assessed with two hand indices: DHI and mHAMIS. Patients' general health status was evaluated with the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean DHI and the median total mHAMIS scores were 16.7 ± 15.8 and 1 (4), respectively. Patients showed a moderate to strong positive correlation of both DHI and mHAMIS scores with since time to diagnosis, diffuse cutaneous SSc, mRSS, hand examination, radiography, and the HAQ-DI scores, and a negative correlation with body mass index (p<0.05). Digital ulcers and erosive changes were associated with DHI scores, while the since time to diagnosis, digital ulcers, and flexion contracture on radiographic examination affected mHAMIS scores in multiple regression analysis. The mHAMIS score showed a higher coefficient correlation value with disease-related parameters, hand examination, radiography, mRSS, and HAQ-DI scores compared to the DHI score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings demonstrated that mHAMIS, a simple tool for assessing patient hand functionality, more accurately captured hand examination and radiography, disease-related parameters, mRSS, and HAQ-DI scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of high-intensity laser therapy and low-level laser therapy in carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized-controlled study.","authors":"Sidar Burcu Ateş Demiroğlu, Zuhal Özişler, Sezen Dinçer, Sumru Özel","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2025.15267","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2025.15267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to compare the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on clinical presentation of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and electroneuromyography (EMG) and ultrasound findings in patients with CTS.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Between June 2020 and March 2021, a total of 114 hands of 63 patients (19 males, 44 females; mean age: 44.9±}9.3 years; range, 22 to 65 years) with electrophysiologically diagnosed mild-to-moderate CTS were included in this prospective, randomized-controlled study. The patients were categorized into three groups by an independent investigator using a stratified randomization/minimization method according to CTS grade and age as follows: control group (n=20), LLLT group (n=22), and HILT group (n=21). Patients in all three groups wore a neutral wrist splint of appropriate size. All groups underwent clinical, electrophysiologic, and ultrasonographic examinations at baseline, at one and three months after the treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the treatment, statistically significant improvements were observed in electrophysiologic, sonographic, and clinical findings of both the laser groups and control groups (p<0.001). Comparing the treatment efficacy, the laser groups were found to be more effective in the treatment of CTS than the control group (p<0.0167). No statistically significant difference was observed between the LLLT and HILT (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The addition of laser treatment significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment. Based on these findings, LLLT and HILT yield comparable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 2","pages":"139-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of axillary web syndrome with anterior chest wall extension in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A case report.","authors":"Feyza Akan Begoğlu","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17740","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is an underdiagnosed condition commonly observed after breast cancer surgery involving axillary lymph node dissection. We report the case of a 48-year-old male with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who developed left shoulder pain and restricted motion six weeks after an excisional axillary lymph node biopsy. Internal rotation revealed striations along the anterior chest wall, whereas abduction and flexion demonstrated palpable cords extending toward the axilla and cubital region. These findings are consistent with atypical AWS following a minor axillary procedure. This case highlights that AWS is not limited to breast cancer or extensive surgical interventions and underscores the importance of clinical awareness in physical medicine and rehabilitation settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 1","pages":"127-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does sarcopenia influence rotator cuff tear patterns? Radiological insights from patients with rotator cuff syndrome.","authors":"Sibel Süzen Özbayrak, Elem Yorulmaz, Esra Gürdal","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17632","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to determine whether sarcopenia is associated with the presence, severity, or type of rotator cuff tears in patients with rotator cuff syndrome. It also assesses how the degree of shoulder pain and functional disability relate to the existence of sarcopenia in patients with rotator cuff syndrome, as well as examines the impact of the patients' clinical characteristics and physical activity levels on sarcopenia.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study conducted between October 2024 and October 2025, 130 patients with shoulder pain lasting at least three months were assessed, of whom 124 (25 males, 99 females; mean age: 60.4±10.3 years; range: 40 to 85 years) met the study criteria and were included in the analysis. Of these, 69 were sarcopenic, 15 presarcopenic, and 40 non-sarcopenic. Sarcopenia was evaluated using the ISarcoPRM diagnostic algorithm, which includes gait speed, handgrip strength, chair stand test, and ultrasonographic measurement of anterior thigh muscle thickness. Shoulder magnetic resonance imaging scans were assessed for the presence, type, and severity of rotator cuff tears, focusing particularly on supraspinatus tears, tendinosis, muscle atrophy (tangent sign), and impingement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparative analysis of the three groups revealed no statistically significant differences in supraspinatus tear, supraspinatus tendinosis, tendinosis of other rotator cuff muscles, impingement, or tangent signs. The most prominent result of this study was the significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among sarcopenic patients (p<0.001). Another important finding was that the tangent sign, a radiological indicator of rotator cuff atrophy, did not change with the presence of sarcopenia; however, it was more frequently positive in patients aged 60 years or older (p=0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While sarcopenia was not associated with differences in rotator cuff pathology or radiological atrophy as indicated by the tangent sign, it was significantly linked to a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Age, rather than sarcopenia, appeared to influence the presence of radiological markers of rotator cuff atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 1","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on post-stroke upper extremity spasticity using ultrasound elastography: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Semra Yılmaz, Haydar Gök, Şehim Kutlay, Hüseyin Aslantaş, Aysun Genç, Atilla Elhan","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17853","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the efficacy of repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) on post-stroke upper extremity spasticity and the fibroelastic properties of spastic muscles using shear-wave elastography (SWE).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Between March 2022 and April 2024, a total of 48 stroke patients with elbow and/or wrist flexor spasticity were enrolled in this double-blind randomized controlled study. Of these, 46 patients completed the study and were randomized into the rPMS group (6 males, 16 females; mean age: 63.27 years; range, 30 to 87 years) and the sham group (14 males, 10 females; mean age: 60.75 years; range, 33 to 86 years). All patients received a conventional rehabilitation program and 10 sessions of rPMS over two weeks. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS, spasticity grade and spasticity angle), SWE, and Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity (FMA-UE) were used to assess spasticity and motor function prior to treatment, after treatment, and at a four-week follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between-group analyses showed no significant differences in mean wrist flexor MAS score changes at any time point. The mean elbow flexor MAS scores demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in the rPMS group (-0.60±0.73) compared with the sham group (-0.05±0.46) post-treatment (p=0.036).There were no significant between-group differences in wrist flexor spasticity grade changes at any time point (p>0.05). The mean wrist flexor spasticity angle demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in the rPMS group (-9.05±11.1) compared to the sham group (-0.05±6.92) at the follow-up (p=0.030). For elbow flexors, the changes in mean spasticity grade or angle were similar between the groups at any time point (p>0.05). Comparison of the mean shear wave velocity changes in the biceps, brachialis, and pronator muscles revealed no significant differences between groups (p>0.05). The increase in FMA-UE scores was significantly greater in the rPMS group than in the sham group both after treatment (2.68±3.32 <i>vs.</i> 0.58±0.92, p=0.006) and at follow-up (3.45±5.09 <i>vs.</i> 1.04±2.15, p=0.015). No serious side effects were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive and well-tolerated physical therapy modality. As an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation, it may selectively reduce post-stroke upper extremity spasticity and improve motor function.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 1","pages":"22-32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise approaches in obese individuals with physical limitations.","authors":"Meliha Kasapoğlu Aksoy","doi":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17710","DOIUrl":"10.5606/tftrd.2026.17710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a clinical condition characterized by weight gain and a progressively increasing prevalence that poses a significant threat to human health. It may also predispose individuals to numerous chronic diseases. Physical limitations such as musculoskeletal problems (e.g., osteoarthritis and low back pain), spinal cord injuries, hemiplegia, and other comorbidities both increase the development of obesity and make exercise participation more difficult in obese patients. This review summarizes current evidence regarding exercise approaches used in obese individuals with physical limitations and clinically evaluates aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises.</p>","PeriodicalId":56043,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation","volume":"72 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148254580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}