Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments最新文献

{"title":"Sustainable biorefinery approach for the transformation of biowaste into biofuels and chemicals for the circular economy: A review","authors":"Niran Daimary ,&nbsp;Bachu Deb ,&nbsp;Bidesh Roy ,&nbsp;Ritesh Kumar Ranjan ,&nbsp;Akarsan Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The valorization and conversion of biowaste through a biorefinery approach is an eco-friendly method of transforming biowaste into usable products along with commercially viable value-added products that address energy, chemicals, and environmental concerns. This study examines the potential of several biowaste feedstocks, including agricultural residues, municipal solid waste, food waste, and biowaste from food processing businesses, for the production of biofuels, biochemicals, and biomaterials. Biochemical (Anaerobic digestion, fermentation) and thermochemical (pyrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal, torrefection, liquefaction) processes are examples of advanced bioconversion technologies that have been assessed for their effectiveness, yield of products, and byproducts. Furthermore, in the study, India’s perspective on utilizing biowaste for the biorefinery and several government initiatives that have been undertaken are highlighted. Overall, the biowaste biorefinery models should emphasize resource recovery and waste valorization while integrating the circular economy concepts. Hence, a comprehensive strategy towards process integration and regulatory support is crucial for the full application of biowaste in biorefineries in transition to a biobased economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 104457"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal propagation model and numerical simulation of high-specific energy lithium-ion battery packs induced by the spatio-temporal dispersion of multiple heat sources","authors":"Li Changyun,&nbsp;Niu Zhaoyang,&nbsp;Zhao Haiqiang,&nbsp;Zhang Yongshun","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal abuse serve as a direct trigger for thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, we propose a numerical model of thermal propagation that incorporates partial differential equations for heat transfer, ordinary differential equations, fluid heat transfer and thermal radiation. A high-specific-energy battery pack comprising square lithium-ion cells is established, and the thermal runaway propagation process within this pack is explored using the finite element method. To simulate the thermal runaway propagation phenomenon induced by spatio-temporal dispersive heat sources, a thermal propagation model is constructed. Compared to the convection-only model, the proposed model exhibits a difference of 40 K in peak temperature and 65 s in thermal spreading time. Similarly, when compared to the thermal radiation-only model, the differences are 120 K and 60 s, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal propagation characteristics of the battery module under three different gaps are analyzed, revealing that increasing the battery gap slows down the thermal propagation time and peak thermal runaway temperature of the cell but reduces the energy density of the battery pack. A multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation system is established based on this model to assess the thermal runaway propagation hazard index. This study provides practical guidance for the design of battery thermal management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 104456"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect detection in photovoltaic modules based on image-to-image generation and deep learning","authors":"M.Waqar Akram ,&nbsp;Jianbo Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The autonomous monitoring of photovoltaic modules is emerging as an integral approach to maximize performance and reliability of photovoltaic systems, primarily in large-scale applications. However, it suffers with data acquisition, volume, diversity and performance constraints. This study proposed a method to detect multi-defects at module level in electroluminescence images of photovoltaic panels using limited data with synergistic integration of image-to-image generation and transfer deep learning from specific data and knowledge. Therein, StyleGAN3-t based image-to-image generation is firstly used to augment training data. Subsequently, the real-synthetic mix data is used to train YOLOv9 GELAN-e network using develop-model transfer learning from a pre-trained custom cell level model. To validate the effectiveness of proposed method, multiple iterations of image-to-image and object detection networks are studied using real and real-synthetic mix data with different formations, mixed training, and pre-trained general and specific weights. This method achieves FID score of 15.01 for images generation and 7% higher [email protected] for detection of seven classes compared to real data model trained without transfer learning, indicating the synergy and effectiveness of integrating image-to-image generation and transfer learning from specific data. The non-deterministic training for multiple runs also demonstrates the accuracy, stability and reliability of the method. This study contributed a module-level dataset and not only deals with enhanced detection of multi-defects at module and outdoor level but also addresses limited and diverse data constraints, leading to enhanced performance, operation and management of photovoltaic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"82 ","pages":"Article 104441"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy and environmental benefits of applying a novel operating sequence in the conductive cooling system of dairy cattle – results following two summer seasons of operation","authors":"Anna Szczepanowska-Białek ,&nbsp;Robert Kupczyński ,&nbsp;Anna Budny-Walczak ,&nbsp;Sabina Rosiek","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Responding to Europe’s escalating extreme summer heat, this study introduces a pioneering conductive cooling system for dairy cows, featuring a novel operational sequence. High environmental parameters causing heat stress severely threaten cattle welfare and incur significant economic losses, making effective cooling solutions crucial. Experiments were conducted on cows to test a new cyclical operation mode for the system, which consists of a chiller, a storage tank, circulation pumps, two heat exchangers and two water mattresses. The new cyclic mode includes operation breaks for the circulation pumps to reduce the electricity consumption. Analyzing daily energy consumption for selected days with a 13 °C daytime setpoint shows 19.07 kWh for continuous mode versus 11.72 kWh for cyclic mode. The study proposed 6 scenarios for long-term cooling system operation for improving the prototype cooling system. It justified the implementation of the novel system operation sequence, given that the greatest energy and CO₂ emission savings were achieved using the cyclic operation mode, which led to electricity saving of around 38 % over 5 months compared to the continuous mode. This study’s methodology holds high relevance, facilitating future analyses of renewable energy integration and promoting sustainable investments in next-generation, optimally managed cooling technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104448"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open laboratory blade strike rig to evaluate the risk of injury and mortality to fish and to test passive sensors","authors":"Wolf Iring Kösters ,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Tuhtan ,&nbsp;Danil Efimov ,&nbsp;Maarja Kruusmaa ,&nbsp;Stefan Hoerner","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydropower is a key source of electricity that can negatively impact aquatic ecosystems. Fish passing downstream through hydropower facilities may face increased risks of injury and mortality from mechanical collisions with hydraulic structures and machinery. Laboratory tests provide a controlled environment to evaluate turbine blade strike risks, studying injury and mortality in live fish. Previous laboratory blade strike rigs vary substantially in design and implementation, lacking a standardized approach with controlled blade velocities for cross-comparable results. To address this, we propose an open laboratory blade strike test rig with electronically controlled blade velocities (1–10<!--> <!-->m<!--> <!-->s^-1). In addition, rigid sensor tests were performed to investigate the recommendation that 95<!--> <!-->g is suitable to assess the severity of the blade strike, which was exceeded at strike speeds as low as 1<!--> <!-->m<!--> <!-->s^-1. This work is significant because it provides the hydropower, engineering and biological communities with the first open and standardized method to evaluate blade strikes on fish and sensor probes. The proposed test rig enables gathering biological threshold data to estimate injury and mortality to live fish, assessing turbine blade design for improved fish safety, and increasing sensor probe accuracy without relying on live fish field studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104427"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the role of renewable energy in achieving sustainable development goals","authors":"Omojola Awogbemi,&nbsp;Daramy Vandi Von Kallon","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Worried by poverty, environmental degradation, inequality, and other unpleasant situations pervading the world, the United Nations initiated the sustainable development goals (SDGs) to end poverty, transform the world, ensure planet protection, and guarantee lasting peace and prosperity. The review provides updated information on how the adoption of renewable energy (RE) technologies can catalyze the attainment of SDGs. The deployment of RE technologies such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, and biofuels provides clean, affordable, accessible, and environmentally benign energy for diverse applications. The study establishes the contribution and correlation of RE technologies in various sectors provide clean and affordable energy, reduce poverty, promote clean water and sanitation, preserve natural habitats, and stimulate industrialization and sustainable economic growth. The article recommends practical solutions to the financial, institutional, technical, manpower, policy, and sociocultural challenges facing the RE sector. Governments should formulate appropriate legal, policy, and institutional frameworks to support innovative expertise and stimulate technical and financial investments in RE projects. More collaborative studies, funding, and aggressive manpower development are required in the RE sector to turn the challenges associated with the application of RE to opportunities for innovation and collaboration to build resilient systems supporting SDG achievement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104455"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyber–physical security in EV charging infrastructure: Components, vulnerabilities, and defense strategies","authors":"Sagar Babu Mitikiri ,&nbsp;K. Victor Sam Moses Babu ,&nbsp;Divyanshi Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Vedantham Lakshmi Srinivas ,&nbsp;Pratyush Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Yemula ,&nbsp;Mayukha Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a growing need to establish EV charging infrastructures (EVCIs) with fast charging capabilities to reduce congestion at EV charging stations (EVCS) and also provide alternative solutions for EV owners without residential charging facilities. This article presents a study of several components that model the EVCI as a cyber physical system (CPS). Various components of EVCI include energy storage systems, EV supply equipment, human–machine interfaces, communication systems, etc. These components are interconnected with real time processing units, communication networks, and sensors, making EVCI a CPS enabling a structured vulnerability and data flow analysis. It uniquely maps out the bi-directional interactions between electric vehicles, supply equipment, energy management systems, and communication/control networks. A detailed classification of EV charging technologies covering both onboard and offboard topologies and their communication dependencies revealing cybersecurity implications specific to each category. The study further examines a wide range of internationally adopted standards and protocols (e.g., ISO 15118, IEC 61851, SAE J2931, OCPP, IEEE 2030.5) and categorizes them by functionality, including charging interface, cybersecurity, and interoperability. It identifies critical vulnerabilities of EVCI that lead to various cyberattacks, such as spoofing, false data injection, man-in-the-middle, and denial-of-service attacks, by analyzing both cyber and physical layers. Real-world cyber incidents in the EVCI ecosystem are also reviewed to underscore the severity of these threats. For detection and mitigation, the paper introduces a comprehensive taxonomy of cyberattack defense mechanisms, extending across statistical analysis, machine learning (ML), signature-based, and hybrid intrusion detection systems (IDS). Novel approaches including HMM-based anomaly detection, event correlation frameworks, and optimization-driven defense strategies, are explored. The study highlights the socio-technical impacts of cyber incidents on power grid stability and public safety, making a strong case for proactive, intelligent cybersecurity solutions in modern EVCI systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104435"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the enhanced Solar Reflectance Index (SRI*) for comprehensive evaluation of spectrally selective cool materials in real-world scenarios","authors":"Claudia Fabiani ,&nbsp;Alberto Muscio ,&nbsp;Anna Laura Pisello","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research paper introduces the Enhanced Solar Reflectance Index (SRI*), a novel assessment tool designed for a holistic evaluation of spectrally selective materials in real-world urban scenarios. The index builds upon the current understanding of the solar reflectance index (SRI), addressing its potentialities and limitations, while incorporating dynamic variations in its formulation. The proposed index aims to contribute to the assessment of materials crucial for mitigating urban overheating, which has direct implications on mortality rates and energy consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104415"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A voltage-centric approach for current-sensorless MPPT in thermoelectric generators with state observer-based linear extrapolation","authors":"Arun Pyarilal,&nbsp;Sukanya Vellukkeel,&nbsp;Bijukumar Bepinkumar","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article proposes a voltage-centric duty ratio (VC-DR) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method for thermoelectric generators (TEGs) that operate without requiring current sensors or power estimation processes. Conventional current sensorless MPPT methods typically rely on additional circuitry for control and power estimation using time-based techniques, which restricts their use to converters operating in discontinuous conduction mode. The proposed VC-DR MPPT scheme efficiently computes the optimal duty ratio using only voltage parameters, supported by simplified mathematical expressions. Additionally, the proposed method estimates the open-circuit voltage using the Luenberger observer and the linear extrapolation principle. The open-circuit voltage is estimated using a two-step extrapolation process, utilizing two initial operating points defined by measured voltage and estimated current values. This approach, along with direct duty ratio computation, allows for a faster response and eliminates power oscillations around the MPP when compared to the conventional current sensor-based perturb and observe technique. Moreover, it simplifies the control process and operates effectively in continuous conduction mode with high tracking efficiency. Furthermore, a current state observer is designed by formulating the state-space equations for the boost converter. The proposed method is validated through MATLAB simulation, followed by experimental testing on a TMS320F28379D DSP controller-based setup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104439"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic evaluation of novel combinations of reverse osmosis with absorption and HDH desalination systems for energy utilization and sustainability","authors":"Ahmed S. Alsaman ,&nbsp;Ehab S. Ali ,&nbsp;K. Harby ,&nbsp;Rached Ben-Mansour ,&nbsp;Ridha Ben Mansour","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2025.104451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reverse osmosis (RO) is a widely used technology for water desalination nowadays, owing to its high water production. However, it suffers from high consumption of high-grade energy and the generation of large amounts of high-concentration brine, which is harmful to the environment. This study provided an innovative solar-powered hybrid desalination plant that integrates RO, an absorption (AB) desalination-cooling system, and a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) system for mitigating water shortage, optimizing energy utilization, and reducing carbon emissions. The rejected brine from the RO system is treated further by passing it through the AB and HDH desalination systems to produce additional fresh water and treat the rejected brine. In addition, the feed RO brine is passed through the absorber before entering the HDH system, which eliminates a separate heat source to preheat the fluid entering heat the fluid filling the humidifier. In this study, two configurations of hybrid systems were proposed and compared. In the first configuration (RO-AB-HDH), a simultaneous drinking water and cooling effect (from the AB system) can be obtained. In the second configuration, an energy recovery scheme is used between the condenser and evaporator (HR) of the AB to enhance the evaporation rate and the water production rate. Numerical models were developed to simulate and evaluate the performance and economic viability of the proposed systems for various operating conditions. Results showed that the proposed hybrid systems significantly improve the quality and quantity of desalinated water, as well as reduce the cost of freshwater, compared to the stand-alone RO cycle. For instance, the product freshwater salinity obtained by the proposed systems is decreased by 63 %, compared to the RO system for an applied pressure of 70 bar and feed salinity of 50,000 ppm. The first configuration is the most cost-effective at a high salinity of 45,000–50,000 ppm when the system is driven by solar energy with 2.2 $/m³ with an additional free-cooling effect of 17.6 kW at 85 °C. The second configuration is more effective when only a large amount of desalinated fresh water is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 104451"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}