Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments最新文献

{"title":"Novel pilot protection for distribution networks with distributed photovoltaics based on optimal transport theory","authors":"Lei Xu,&nbsp;Fei Rong,&nbsp;Yiqin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the performance degradation of traditional differential protection (DP) and correlation-based protection algorithms due to changes in distribution network topology and fault characteristics caused by the integration of distributed photovoltaic (DPV), this paper proposes a novel pilot protection scheme based on optimal transport theory (OTT) and probability distribution similarity measurement. By introducing the Wasserstein distance as a quantitative indicator of current waveform differences, fault discrimination is achieved by leveraging the statistical feature discrepancies between probability distributions. The proposed method establishes a deterministic mathematical relationship between the Wasserstein distance and current amplitude and phase, presents an optimized solution based on cumulative distribution functions, and incorporates an adaptive normalization mechanism, effectively overcoming the limitations of existing correlation-based algorithms such as computational singularity, high complexity, and stringent communication requirements. Simulation and cloud-platform tests demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves superior performance in sensitivity, reliability, tolerance to transition resistance, and noise immunity. Fault detection is completed within 5 ms under 100 Ω resistance, with a distortion tolerance rate of 0.53% and zero false detection at a bin count of 50. The scheme reduces algorithm complexity to <em>O</em>(<em>n</em>) and communication data volume by at least 73%, meeting the protection requirements of distribution networks with high DPV penetration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104967"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147657849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of promising areas for the geological disposal of carbon dioxide at the territory of the Leningrad artesian basin","authors":"F.F. Dultsev ,&nbsp;D.A. Novikov","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Results of the zonal forecast of the prospects for disposing carbon dioxide in the aquifers of the Leningrad sedimentary basin are presented. The highest potential relates to the zone of the Krestetsky aulacogen, where the maximum thickness of the sedimentary cover exceeds 2 km. Within this zone, there are two regional fluid-impermeable horizons: the Lower Cambrian impermeable horizon and the Upper Ediacaran impermeable horizon, occurring at a depth of more than 900 m. The underlying Precambrian sediments contain highly saline waters that are not used for household purposes. The temperature and pressure conditions allow disposing carbon dioxide in water-dissolved and supercritical states. Modeling results show that carbon dioxide can be disposed within the Leningrad basin in the amount of more than 14 mlrd t.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104958"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photovoltaic-driven building HVAC system with integrated hydrogen production: Multi-objective optimization-based study for multiple climatic zones","authors":"Rui Yang ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Yankai Liu ,&nbsp;Tianxiao Yang ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Yuchuan Wang ,&nbsp;Diyi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy consumption of HVAC systems constitutes the predominant source of building energy consumption. The paper proposes an integrated photovoltaic-hydrogen-electric hybrid system, which uses photovoltaic energy to drive HVAC systems and generates clean hydrogen as a byproduct. System modeling is combined with the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm based on data from five typical climate zones in China. The results reveal that the hybrid system ensures indoor thermal comfort for office buildings across the five climate regions, while producing hydrogen from surplus photovoltaic power. For a 240 m² office room, the optimal PV panel quantity ranges from 75 to 80 units, and regional differences in optimal cooling and heating capacities are below 15%. The annual hydrogen output in Xi’an, Lanzhou, Shanghai, Haikou and Lhasa is 784 kg, 940 kg, 649 kg, 527 kg and 1545 kg, respectively, with PV of Lhasa array power 2%-3% higher than Haikou. The system life cycle cost (LCC) performs better with a high discount rate and low inflation rate. Power conversion and regulation are the main sources of potential energy waste (PEW) and core to system efficiency improvement. The indoor standard effective temperature (SET) remains comfortable across all regions during operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104968"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147657846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Game theory and ant colony-based techno-economic model for energy equity and justice in a rural distribution network","authors":"Moumita Pramanik,&nbsp;Chinmoyee Sonowal,&nbsp;Gudipelly Vishnu Vardhan Reddy,&nbsp;Geeta Birua,&nbsp;Sriman Chaudhuri,&nbsp;Anirban Mukherjee,&nbsp;Konika Das Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Chandan Kumar Chanda","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rural electrification drives socio-economic development, especially in India, where energy equity and justice remain elusive for remote and underserved communities. This work proposes a hybrid techno-economic framework that integrates Stackelberg Game Theory for tariff optimisation and demand response and Cooperative Game Theory for profit allocation among microgrid operators. An ant colony optimisation-based dynamic network access charge mechanism incentivises the distribution network operators for infrastructure maintenance. The model is validated on the real-time rural network of the Kakdwip Islands with multi-microgrid systems, leveraging local solar and biomass resources. With respect to the conventional framework, the proposed approach reduces average consumer tariffs by 12.4%, increases clean energy access by 14.3%, and last-mile connectivity with quality power by 50%. The microgrid operators’ profit is improved by 115% and the distribution network operator’s revenue by 30.7%. The robustness of the model is also tested under varying generation from the renewable energy sources. Energy equity is thus ensured by affordable access to reliable power. Energy justice is ascertained by the symbiotic benefit of all the stakeholders and fair allocation of profits and clean energy sources. The solution provides a scalable blueprint for economic rejuvenation and climate-resilient green rural electrification in India and similar underserved regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104960"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147658420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost outlook of coal power with CCS and BECCS based on a component learning curve incorporating efficiency upgrades: a case study of China","authors":"Delu Wang ,&nbsp;Fan Chen ,&nbsp;Chunxiao Li ,&nbsp;Lawrence Loh","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grasping the cost outlook of CCS and BECSS is crucial for guiding coal power-dependent nations in technological strategy planning and investment decision-making during the low-carbon transition. Given the practical characteristics of technological learning in the coal power sector and the limitations of existing literature in forecasting technology costs, this study adopts a learning rate estimation method that incorporates efficiency upgrade based on the component learning curve approach. Taking China as a case study, it analyzes the future cost trends and economic-environmental benefits of CCS and BECCS from a systematic perspective. The case study results indicate that CCS and BECCS in China exhibit promising cost prospects. Their deployment enhances the overall learning rate of the power generation system, leading to a potential reduction in the cost of electricity (COE) of approximately $23.10 ∼ $55.75/MWh. As technological learning effects accumulate, the economic-environmental benefits of CCS and BECCS in China are expected to improve by more than 50%, with the advantage of CCS and BECCS-equipped technologies becoming increasingly pronounced. Moreover, further analysis reveal that efficiency upgrades play a supporting role, accounting for 30% ∼ 67% of cost reductions, while capital and fuel costs are the primary drivers of COE reduction in CCS and BECCS, jointly contributing 60% ∼ 86% of total cost reductions. The pre-learning value, defined as the threshold at which learning effects begin to materialize, constitutes a critical source of uncertainty influencing the pace of technological cost reduction, while fuel price levels exhibit a positive correlation with the extent to which learning effects are realized. This study provides forward-looking information for coal power system technology strategy planning in China, and offers scientific insights for coal power-dependent nations to accelerate the cost reduction potential of CCS and BECCS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104950"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofuel consumption and exhaust emission prediction for terminal yard operation with the machine learning approach","authors":"Qingyao Li ,&nbsp;Jasmine Siu Lee Lam ,&nbsp;Ran Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable fuels are crucial for decarbonising port operations, but operational evidence for biofuel on cargo-handling equipment remains limited. This study evaluates the real-world performance of UCOME B20 (20% used cooking oil methyl ester blended with 80% diesel) against conventional diesel in a terminal yard side loader, a key cargo handling equipment in dry bulk terminal landside operation. Using field data from equipment operations and a machine learning (ML) approach integrated with bootstrapping, the study predicted tailpipe fuel consumption and key emissions (CO₂, CO, NOx) from this mobile yard equipment. Among the models tested, Support Vector Machine (SVM) performed best for fuel consumption, while an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) excelled in emission prediction. Applying these models to simulated one-month operations reveals that B20 reduces CO₂ and CO emissions by 2% while increases fuel consumption by 0.6% and NOx emissions by 4% compared to diesel. These results highlight the trade-offs of biodiesel adoption in yard equipment and demonstrate the value of ML for data-driven environmental monitoring in ports. The findings support an industrial pathway for data-driven, fuel-switching assessment and emissions reporting for cargo-handling equipment and provide actionable insights for terminal operators and policymakers aiming to integrate biofuels into sustainability strategies. Future work could focus on extending research across additional equipment types and fuels, and NOx mitigation options and strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104951"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The green contribution of carbon capture and utilization technology: power to power cycle","authors":"Uttara Das,&nbsp;Champa Nandi","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global energy transition is a crucial step towards mitigating pollution on a worldwide scale. Carbon dioxide (CO2), a predominant greenhouse gas, can be effectively addressed through the adoption of Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technology. If, CCU integrates with Power-to-X technology, it produces green precious chemicals. This paper explores the collective role of CCU and Power-to-X systems in converting captured carbon into various gases and subsequently into diverse liquid products. These green products can further be reconverted into power through electrochemical or thermo-chemical processes. To support this, the study analyzes energy requirements and simulation data for each stage of the CCU process, including various product synthesis processes. A comprehensive discussion is presented to ensures intricate relationship between power generation and CCU technology. Ultimately, this paper addresses a prime concern − climate change − by examining how each chemical product generated through CCU contributes to emission reduction. The study concludes by proposing that consistent utilization of CCU technology has the potential to effectively mitigate conventional emissions and offer a sustainable solution for environmental conservancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104956"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical response modulation in metal and metalloid nanoparticles for sustainable solar energy applications","authors":"Ahsan Irshad ,&nbsp;Subha Tariq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Kafeel ,&nbsp;Srosh Fazil ,&nbsp;Khurram Liaqat ,&nbsp;Waleed Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mehboob Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Out of all renewable sources, solar energy is the most favored one due to its unlimited nature, eco-friendliness, and large capacity potential. In this context, nanoparticle-enabled resonance engineering provides a physically intuitive route for enhancing light–matter interaction in photovoltaic systems. The major task is to do the NP scattering, absorption, and extinction peaks optimization in such a way that they all coincide with the solar spectrum’s maximum irradiance at the 500 nm wavelength. The current study deals with various metallic and metalloid NPs (Au, Ag, Si) that range from 10 to 50 nm in radius and are placed in different environments like vacuum, SiO₂, SiC, GaAs, using an analytically guided design framework supported by numerical simulations. The findings point out that the silver NPs of 50 nm size in SiO₂ facilitate the shifting of the extension peaks to just about 500 nm, which is the point of the strongest solar irradiance. This result highlights the role of dielectric-environment-assisted plasmonic tuning in achieving spectral alignment with the solar peak. The light absorption gets boosted by this setting, and at the same time, it lays the ground for the applications of PV enhancement based on metasurface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104953"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147602952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power-to-gas in Brazil: pathways for decarbonizing the natural gas grid","authors":"Hélio Nunes de Souza Filho ,&nbsp;Alessandra Brito Leal ,&nbsp;Ennio Peres da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy transition is essential for ensuring energy security, making the decarbonization of strategic sectors such as oil and gas a priority. Power-to-Gas (P2G), based on renewable hydrogen production and injection into natural gas networks, has been increasingly explored in several countries. Several countries have advanced P2G projects based on controlled hydrogen injection into natural gas grids. In Brazil, however, there is a lack of applied studies assessing compliance with national gas-quality requirements and the implications of hydrogen blending for natural gas applications. This gap, together with limited quantitative and regulatory analyses, hinders broader regulatory discussion and the assessment of commercial deployment pathways. This study presents a Brazil-specific screening assessment of hydrogen blending in natural gas networks, focusing on Higher Heating Value (HHV) and Wobbe Index (WI) compliance under current national standards. The results indicate that, under the adopted assumptions, blends of up to 20% H₂ can remain within Brazilian regulatory thresholds, although compliance margins vary with gas composition. Supplying the national network would require up to 19.3 million m³/day of electrolytic hydrogen. As a preliminary screening study, this work provides an initial technical basis for regulatory discussion and for policies aimed at enhancing energy security and supporting the energy transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104957"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147657845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelica based dynamic modeling and optimization-based predictive control of a 100-kW alkaline water electrolysis system with high renewable penetration","authors":"Ruilin Yin ,&nbsp;Nothando Cynthia Shiba ,&nbsp;Xinying Liu ,&nbsp;Ji Ding ,&nbsp;Li Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seta.2026.104963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkaline water electrolyzer (AWE) is widely regarded as a promising technology for large-scale renewable energy storage. However, with the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs), the dynamic operation of AWE systems is challenged by fluctuating power inputs, which significantly degrade operational efficiency due to the system’s large thermal and electrochemical inertia. To this end, an integrated optimization and control framework is developed based on an AWE system model established in Modelica. Exergy analysis indicates that electrochemical losses in the electrolyzer dominate the overall irreversibility, accounting for 72.1% of the total exergy loss. To mitigate these losses, a two-layer optimization and control framework is proposed: In the upper layer, a pattern search-based optimization is performed to maximize system efficiency while satisfying operational constraints. The optimized operating variables are incorporated into the lower dynamic control layer as reference inputs, and performance of three control strategies—PID, and MPC—is systematically evaluated under fluctuating power conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that MPC exhibits superior dynamic performance, limiting temperature overshoot to 1.6°C and achieving a response time of 8.5 min. These improvements are attributed to the predictive capability and MIMO structure of MPC, which effectively mitigates coupling effects of power tracking and temperature regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56019,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 104963"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147657850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}