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Canadian Bulletin of Medical History最新文献

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Two Solitudes: Wilder Penfield, Ewen Cameron, and the Search for a Better Lobotomy. 两个孤独:怀尔德·彭菲尔德，埃文·卡梅隆，以及寻找更好的额叶切除术。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.486-112020
Yvan Prkachin
{"title":"Two Solitudes: Wilder Penfield, Ewen Cameron, and the Search for a Better Lobotomy.","authors":"Yvan Prkachin","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.486-112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.486-112020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the 1940s, Wilder Penfield carried out a series of experimental psychosurgeries with the psychiatrist D. Ewen Cameron. This article explores Penfield's brief foray into psychosurgery and uses this episode to re-examine the emergence of his surgical enterprise. Penfield's greatest achievement - the surgical treatment of epilepsy - grew from the same roots as psychosurgery, and the histories of these treatments overlap in surprising ways. Within the contexts of Rockefeller-funded neuropsychiatry and Adolf Meyer's psychobiology, Penfield's frontal lobe operations (including a key operation on his sister) played a crucial role in the development of lobotomy in the 1930s. The combination of ambiguous data and the desire to collaborate with a psychiatrist encouraged Penfield to try to develop a superior operation. However, unlike his collaboration with psychiatrists, Penfield's productive working relationship with psychologists encouraged him to abandon the experimental \"gyrectomy\" procedure. The story of Penfield's attempt to find a better lobotomy can help us to examine different forms of interdisciplinarity within biomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 2","pages":"253-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Different Peoples, Different Inebriations: The Recognition of Different Cultures of Intoxication in Early Modern English Medicine. 不同的人，不同的醉:近代早期英国医学对不同醉文化的认识。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.488-112020
Edoardo Pierini
{"title":"Different Peoples, Different Inebriations: The Recognition of Different Cultures of Intoxication in Early Modern English Medicine.","authors":"Edoardo Pierini","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.488-112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.488-112020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In early modern Europe, the global dimensions of the drug trade and the introduction of new substances contributed to the development of new cultures of intoxication. This process was particularly evident in England, where a new intoxication culture emerged from the recognition of how different substances produced similar reactions. Medical travel literature provides a critical source for examining alternative methods of drug consumption in the non-Western world in this period: culturally embedded practices like Turkish opium eating or Native American tobacco smoking became significant benchmarks for comparing with Western habits of alcohol consumption. This article argues that the early modern Western medical community relied on comparisons of intoxication in other contexts in an effort to describe its own culturally embedded practices of alcohol intoxication.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 S1","pages":"S72-S92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New Social History of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals. 《药学与药品新社会史》。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.38.s1.intro
Erika Dyck, Aline Charles
{"title":"New Social History of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuticals.","authors":"Erika Dyck,&nbsp;Aline Charles","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.38.s1.intro","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.38.s1.intro","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 S1","pages":"S1-S5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39650827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nursing Experts, Hygienic Modernity, and Nation Building: The Case of Nursing in Ethiopia in the Post-Colonial Era. 护理专家、卫生现代化与国家建设:后殖民时代埃塞俄比亚护理案例。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.455-062020
Sioban Nelson
{"title":"Nursing Experts, Hygienic Modernity, and Nation Building: The Case of Nursing in Ethiopia in the Post-Colonial Era.","authors":"Sioban Nelson","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.455-062020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.455-062020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a tale in three parts. It begins with an exploration of the story of Princess Tsahai, daughter of Haile Selassie, and the highly successful British campaign led by suffragette E. Sylvia Pankhurst to bring British-style nursing and medicine to Ethiopia in the 1940s and 1950s. Second, it examines the role of foreign women, most notably Swedish missionary nurses, in building health services and nursing capacity in the country. Finally, it examines the way in which nursing brought together gendered notions of expertise and geopolitical pressures to redefine expectations for Ethiopian women as citizens of the new nation-state.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 1","pages":"63-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25581988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"If We Can Make a Cure of Him": Lyrical Grenfell in the St. Anthony Casebooks, 1906. “如果我们能治愈他”:抒情格伦费尔在圣安东尼个案书，1906年。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.520-032021
Monica Kidd
{"title":"\"If We Can Make a Cure of Him\": Lyrical Grenfell in the St. Anthony Casebooks, 1906.","authors":"Monica Kidd","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.520-032021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.520-032021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narrative-based physician records contain much more than observerless data and diagnoses. Indeed, a \"case,\" the basic currency of medical communication, can be seen as a literary genre, much like a novel or a poem, and given close readings for author voice, tradition, and influences. In this article, I describe my initial encounter with Dr. Wilfred Grenfell's casebooks in a hospital basement in St. Anthony, Newfoundland and Labrador, and my subsequent engagement with them as both a physician and a poet. Adopting Bleakley and Marshall's definition of medical lyricism as the impulse that \"draws our attention to delicacy, tenderness and the joyous, and to verve, desire, eroticism, the fecund, abundance and generation,\" I argue that Grenfell's approach to medicine in early 20<sup>th</sup>-century Newfoundland and Labrador was both a product of his scientific training and his enculturation at the end of the Victorian period.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 2","pages":"423-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Publishing and Paternalism in the Grenfell Mission: Wilfred Grenfell's Accounts of a Boy Patient and Doctor-Patient Relations in Northern Newfoundland and Labrador, 1900-14. 出版和格伦费尔使命的家长式作风:威尔弗雷德·格伦费尔在纽芬兰北部和拉布拉多的一个男孩病人和医患关系的叙述，1900-14。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.515-022021
John R H Matchim
{"title":"Publishing and Paternalism in the Grenfell Mission: Wilfred Grenfell's Accounts of a Boy Patient and Doctor-Patient Relations in Northern Newfoundland and Labrador, 1900-14.","authors":"John R H Matchim","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.515-022021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.515-022021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1906 Dr. Wilfred Grenfell, founder and head of the Grenfell medical mission of northern Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador, published a short article in <i>Putnam's Monthly</i> about a nine-year-old boy named Clem Richards, who had shot himself in the knee while hunting seabirds. The boy's identity was disclosed in full, with Grenfell including his name and image as well as a detailed description of his living conditions. The \"story\" of the boy's injury and recovery became a favourite of Grenfell's, and it was modified and republished in a number of magazines and books between 1906 and 1923. This article explores the appeal that Richards' accident held for Grenfell and argues that his dramatic mid-winter rescue of the boy helped Grenfell promote his mission and construct a public image of himself that would appeal to American readers and donors. By comparing published accounts with Richards' medical case record, however, we also see how much Grenfell distorted the incident to heighten its drama and reader appeal. The article also considers how the mission's dominance over northern Newfoundland and southeastern Labrador enabled Grenfell to use Richards' name and image for mission publicity with no consideration of patient consent.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 2","pages":"399-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diphtheria Antitoxin and Tales of Mercy in Northern Health Care. 白喉抗毒素与北方卫生保健中的仁慈故事。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.491-112020
Liza Piper
{"title":"Diphtheria Antitoxin and Tales of Mercy in Northern Health Care.","authors":"Liza Piper","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.491-112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.491-112020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the history of diphtheria in the Yukon and the Mackenzie district of the Northwest Territories in the first half of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. This analysis follows the traces of this now largely forgotten disease and its treatment to illuminate the constraints - intrinsic and constructed - on the provision of health care commensurate with the expectations and needs of northern Indigenous peoples. While diphtheria was never the most serious infectious disease, nor a major cause of death compared with tuberculosis or influenza at this time, examining its history offers significant insight into the creation of medical and public health infrastructures in Canada's northern territories, and the ways in which those infrastructures served, and failed to serve, different northern populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 2","pages":"285-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Neurological Study Unit: "A Combined Attack on a Single Problem from Many Angles". 神经学研究单元:“从多个角度对单一问题的联合攻击”。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.463-082020
Elan D Louis
{"title":"The Neurological Study Unit: \"A Combined Attack on a Single Problem from Many Angles\".","authors":"Elan D Louis","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.463-082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.463-082020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the 1920s, neurology was a fledgling discipline. Various attempts were made to establish programs relating to neurological care and research. One such initiative was the Neurological Study Unit (NSU) at the Yale School of Medicine. My aim is to chronicle the early years of the NSU (1924-40): the motivations for establishing the unit, its structure, its challenges, and its evolution. I have studied all documents related to the NSU at Manuscripts & Archives, Yale University Library. The NSU was heralded as a \"combined attack on a single problem from many angles.\" It was slow to develop, however, and had a number of missing elements. While some of this may have been due to a lack of funds and the absence of a dedicated neurologist, it was also the result of a failure to conceptualize a neurological unit, the slow evolution-into-existence of a nascent and fledgling medical discipline, growing pains and frictions within the leadership, a university-based rather than a hospital-based model of operation, and turf wars between neurology and allied disciplines.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 2","pages":"233-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25581987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grappling with Morphine: A Local History of Painkiller Use in Kerala, India. 与吗啡搏斗:印度喀拉拉邦止痛药使用的当地历史。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.482-102020
Nishanth Kunnukattil Shaji
{"title":"Grappling with Morphine: A Local History of Painkiller Use in Kerala, India.","authors":"Nishanth Kunnukattil Shaji","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.482-102020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.482-102020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article I argue that the scarcity of painkillers in the Global South is driven by a central asymmetry in which the health of developed countries is valued over that of the much poorer countries that comprise the rest of the world. To elucidate this point, I argue that by examining the history of various legal institutions and specific events, like the opioid crisis, that have shaped the global production of opium and production in India, one will be able to see the genealogy of the imbalance and inequality that has always affected care. I turn to the state of Kerala to explore instances in which these legal inflections live within the contemporary guidelines for palliative care, and thus constantly affect the supply and delivery of care. This also ties in with the much longer history of opium control for the growth of the global pharmaceutical industry, within which India has been uniquely placed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 S1","pages":"S118-S142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39593327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Neo-Traditional Medicines: Ethnographic Contributions to Conceptual Definition. 新传统医药:人种学对概念定义的贡献。
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/cbmh.473-102020
Pedro Carlessi, José Ricardo Ayres
{"title":"Neo-Traditional Medicines: Ethnographic Contributions to Conceptual Definition.","authors":"Pedro Carlessi,&nbsp;José Ricardo Ayres","doi":"10.3138/cbmh.473-102020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.473-102020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the end of 1970, the World Health Organization has encouraged the development of public policies that expand the approach to care and the therapeutic possibilities offered by its member states beyond technoscientific health care. In Brazil, the institutionalization of this approach is related to the promotion of popular and traditional knowledge associated with the usage of medicinal plants. With this convergence as an argumentative horizon, in this ethnography we examine the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services that have become known in Brazilian public health policy as <i>living pharmacies</i>. This term has been mobilized throughout the history of phytotherapy in Brazil and refers to the possibility of instituting the use of medications that expand care approaches and problem resolution possibilities beyond the domain of the biomedical sciences, evoking alliances with so-called traditional and popular knowledge and practices. For this, we propose and discuss the concept of <i>neo-traditional medicines</i> as a comprehensive-interpretative category, verifying the approximation and distancing points assigned to it in contemporaneous anthropological literature. Beyond the domain of science over other fields of knowledge, we argue in favour of this category in order to present new arrangements and social dynamics that define Brazil's medication policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55634,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Bulletin of Medical History","volume":"38 S1","pages":"S6-S30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39319743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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