{"title":"Coincidence theory for lower semicontinuous type maps with decomposable values","authors":"Donal O’Regan","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01149-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01149-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we present some coincidence results between lower semicontinuous type maps, one of which has decomposable values. Our argument relies on fixed point theory combined with continuous (or upper semicontinuous) selection theory.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 3","pages":"1385 - 1402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A generalization of a theorem of von Neumann","authors":"Ali Bayati Eshkaftaki","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01141-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01141-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1953 von Neumann proved that every <span>(ntimes n)</span> doubly substochastic matrix <i>A</i> can be <i>increased</i> to a doubly stochastic matrix, i.e., there is an <span>(ntimes n)</span> doubly stochastic matrix <i>D</i> for which <span>(Ale D.)</span> In this paper, we will discuss this result for a class of <span>(Itimes I)</span> doubly substochastic matrices. In fact, by a constructive method, we find an equivalent condition for the existence of a doubly stochastic matrix <i>D</i> which satisfies <span>(Ale D,)</span> for all <span>(Ain {mathcal {A}},)</span> where <span>({mathcal { A}})</span> is assumed to be a class of (finite or infinite) doubly substochastic matrices. Such a matrix <i>D</i> is called a cover of <span>(mathcal {A}.)</span> The uniqueness of the cover will also be discussed. Then we obtain an application of this concept to a system of (infinite) linear equations and inequalities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 1","pages":"61 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pexider invariance equation for embeddable mean-type mappings","authors":"Paweł Pasteczka","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01139-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01139-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We prove that whenever <span>(M_1,dots ,M_n:I^k rightarrow I)</span>, (<span>(n,k in mathbb {N})</span>) are symmetric, continuous means on the interval <i>I</i> and <span>(S_1,dots ,S_m:I^k rightarrow I)</span> (<span>(m < n)</span>) satisfy a sort of embeddability assumptions then for every continuous function <span>(mu :I^n rightarrow mathbb {R})</span> which is strictly monotone in each coordinate, the functional equation </p><div><div><span>$$ mu (S_1(v),dots ,S_m(v),underbrace{F(v),dots ,F(v)}_{(n-m)text { times}})=mu (M_1(v),dots ,M_n(v)) $$</span></div></div><p>has the unique solution <span>(F=F_mu :I^k rightarrow I)</span> which is a mean. We deliver some sufficient conditions so that <span>(F_mu )</span> is well-defined (in particular uniquely determined) and study its properties. The aim of this research is to provide a broad overview of the family of Beta-type means introduced in (Himmel and Matkowski, 2018).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 2","pages":"611 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00010-024-01139-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A generalization of the Kannappan-sine addition law on semigroups","authors":"Ahmed Jafar, Omar Ajebbar, Elhoucien Elqorachi","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01138-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01138-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given a semigroup <i>S</i> equipped with an involutive automorphic <span>(sigma :S rightarrow S)</span>, we determine the complex-valued solutions of the following generalization of the Kannappan-sine addition law </p><div><div><span>$$f(xsigma (y)z_0)=f(x)g(y)+f(y)g(x),; x,y in S. $$</span></div></div><p>As an application we obtain the solutions of the following functional equation </p><div><div><span>$$f(xsigma (y)z_0)=f(x)f(z_1y)+f(z_1x)f(y),; x,y in S, $$</span></div></div><p>where <span>(z_0, z_1)</span> are two fixed elements in <i>S</i> such that <span>(z_0ne z_1)</span>. The continuous solutions on topological semigroups are given. We illustrate the main result with two examples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 3","pages":"1403 - 1420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Goldie Equation: III. Homomorphisms from functional equations","authors":"N. H. Bingham, A. J. Ostaszewski","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01133-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01133-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This is the second of three sequels to (Ostaszewski in Aequat Math 90:427–448, 2016)—the third of the resulting quartet—concerning the real-valued continuous solutions of the multivariate Goldie functional equation (<i>GFE</i>) below of Levi–Civita type. Following on from the preceding paper (Bingham and Ostaszewski in Homomorphisms from Functional Equations: II. The Goldie Equation, arXiv:1910.05816), in which these solutions are described explicitly, here we characterize (<i>GFE</i>) as expressing homomorphy (in all but some exceptional “improper” cases) between multivariate Popa groups, defined and characterized earlier in the sequence. The group operation involves a form of affine addition (with local scalar acceleration) similar to the circle operation of ring theory. We show the affine action in <span>((GFE) )</span>may be replaced by a general continuous acceleration yielding a functional equation (<i>GGE</i>) which it emerges has the same solution structure as (<i>GFE</i>). The final member of the sequence (Bingham and Ostaszewski, The Gołąb–Schinzel and Goldie functional equations in Banach algebras, arXiv:2105.07794) considers the richer framework of a Banach algebra which allows vectorial acceleration, giving the closest possible similarity to the circle operation.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 3","pages":"1085 - 1123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00010-024-01133-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144073981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sparse groups need not be semisparse","authors":"Isabel Hubard, Micael Toledo","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01136-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01136-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1999 Michael Hartley showed that any abstract polytope can be constructed as a double coset poset, by means of a C-group <span>(mathcal {W})</span> and a subgroup <span>(N le mathcal {W})</span>. Subgroups <span>(N le mathcal {W})</span> that give rise to abstract polytopes through such a construction are called <i> sparse</i>. If, further, the stabilizer of a base flag of the poset is precisely <i>N</i>, then <i>N</i> is said to be <i> semisparse</i>. In [4, Conjecture 5.2] Hartely conjectures that sparse groups are always semisparse. In this paper, we show that this conjecture is in fact false: there exist sparse groups that are not semisparse. In particular, we show that such groups are always obtained from non-faithful maniplexes that give rise to polytopes. Using this, we show that Hartely’s conjecture holds for rank 3, but we construct examples to disprove the conjecture for all ranks <span>(nge 4)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 1","pages":"37 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00010-024-01136-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On some operator functional equations related to evaluation functionals and weighted composition operators on function spaces","authors":"Francesco Altomare","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01137-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01137-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper is concerned with some operator functional equations which have been recently considered in several papers in developing some extensions and generalizations of Korovkin-type convergence theorems. It is shown that such operator functional equations although arising from different contexts, have a common root. Starting from an unifying setting, it is shown that the solutions of such operator functional equations are necessarily evaluation functionals and weighted composition operators, respectively. Several special cases are discussed in detail, including the one which concerns spaces of <span>(2pi -)</span>periodic functions on the real line.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 3","pages":"1371 - 1384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 60th International Symposium on Functional Equations, Hotel Rewita, Kościelisko (Poland), June 9–15, 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01126-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01126-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"98 6","pages":"1689 - 1712"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Homomorphisms from Functional Equations: The Goldie Equation, II","authors":"N. H. Bingham, A. J. Ostaszewski","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01130-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01130-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This first of three sequels to <i>Homomorphisms from Functional equations: The Goldie equation</i> (Ostaszewski in Aequationes Math 90:427–448, 2016) by the second author—the second of the resulting quartet—starts from the Goldie functional equation arising in the general regular variation of our joint paper (Bingham et al. in J Math Anal Appl 483:123610, 2020). We extend the work there in two directions. First, we algebraicize the theory, by systematic use of certain groups—the <i>Popa groups</i> arising in earlier work by Popa, and their relatives the <i>Javor groups </i>. Secondly, we extend from the original context on the real line to multi-dimensional (or infinite-dimensional) settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00010-024-01130-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simple proof of the rationality of Takagi-like functions","authors":"Yangyang Chen, Nankun Hong, Hongyuan Yu","doi":"10.1007/s00010-024-01134-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00010-024-01134-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Takagi function is a well-known continuous but nowhere differentiable function defined over real numbers. The Takagi function maps rational numbers to themselves. In this note, by applying Euler’s theorem, we give a simple proof of this property for Takagi-like functions, a slight generalization of the Takagi function.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55611,"journal":{"name":"Aequationes Mathematicae","volume":"99 2","pages":"433 - 437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}