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Survival and Evolutionary Adaptation of Populations Under Disruptive Habitat Change: A Study With Darwinian Cellular Automata. 破坏性生境变化下种群的生存与进化适应：达尔文细胞自动机研究》。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00457
Hanna Derets, Chrystopher L Nehaniv
{"title":"Survival and Evolutionary Adaptation of Populations Under Disruptive Habitat Change: A Study With Darwinian Cellular Automata.","authors":"Hanna Derets, Chrystopher L Nehaniv","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of living beings with continuous and consistent progress toward adaptation and ways to model evolution along principles as close as possible to Darwin's are important areas of focus in Artificial Life. Though genetic algorithms and evolutionary strategies are good methods for modeling selection, crossover, and mutation, biological systems are undeniably spatially distributed processes in which living organisms interact with locally available individuals rather than with the entire population at once. This work presents a model for the survival of organisms during a change in the environment to a less favorable one, putting them at risk of extinction, such as many organisms experience today under climate change or local habitat loss or fragmentation. Local spatial structure of resources and environmental quality also impacts the capacity of an evolving population to adapt. The problem is considered on a probabilistic cellular automaton with update rules based on the principles of genetic algorithms. To carry out simulations according to the described model, the Darwinian cellular automata are introduced, and the software has been designed with the code available open source. An experimental evaluation of the behavioral characteristics of the model was carried out, completed by a critical evaluation of the results obtained, parametrically describing conditions and thresholds under which extinction or survival of the population may occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-Reproduction and Evolution in Cellular Automata: 25 Years After Evoloops 细胞自动机的自我繁殖与进化：Evoloops 25 年之后
IF 2.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00451
Hiroki Sayama, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv
{"title":"Self-Reproduction and Evolution in Cellular Automata: 25 Years After Evoloops","authors":"Hiroki Sayama, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00451","url":null,"abstract":"The year 2024 marks the 25th anniversary of the publication of evoloops, an evolutionary variant of Chris Langton’s self-reproducing loops, which proved constructively that Darwinian evolution of self-reproducing organisms by variation and natural selection is possible within deterministic cellular automata. Over the last few decades, this line of Artificial Life research has since undergone several important developments. Although it experienced a relative dormancy of activity for a while, the recent rise of interest in open-ended evolution and the success of continuous cellular automata models have brought researchers’ attention back to how to make spatiotemporal patterns self-reproduce and evolve within spatially distributed computational media. This article provides a review of the relevant literature on this topic over the past 25 years and highlights the major accomplishments made so far, the challenges being faced, and promising future research directions.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emergence of Self-Replicating Hierarchical Structures in a Binary Cellular Automaton. 二元细胞自动机中自复制分层结构的出现
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00449
Bo Yang
{"title":"Emergence of Self-Replicating Hierarchical Structures in a Binary Cellular Automaton.","authors":"Bo Yang","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have discovered a novel transition rule for binary cellular automata (CAs) that yields self-replicating structures across two spatial and temporal scales from sparse random initial conditions. Lower-level, shape-shifting clusters frequently follow a transient attractor trajectory, generating new clusters, some of which periodically self-duplicate. When the initial distribution of live cells is sufficiently sparse, these clusters coalesce into larger formations that also self-replicate. These formations may further form the boundaries of an expanding complex on an even larger scale. This rule, dubbed \"Outlier,\" is rotationally symmetric and applies to 2-D Moore neighborhoods. It was evolved through genetic programming during an extensive search for rules that foster open-ended evolution in CAs. While self-replicating structures, both crafted and emergent, have been created in CAs with state sets intentionally designed for this purpose, the Outlier may be the first known rule to facilitate nontrivial emergent self-replication across two spatial scales in binary CAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial: Special Issue "The Distributed Ghost"-Cellular Automata, Distributed Dynamical Systems, and Their Applications to Intelligence. 编辑：特刊 "分布式幽灵"--细胞自动机、分布式动力系统及其在智能领域的应用。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00450
Stefano Nichele, Hiroki Sayama, Eric Medvet, Chrystopher Nehaniv, Mario Pavone
{"title":"Editorial: Special Issue \"The Distributed Ghost\"-Cellular Automata, Distributed Dynamical Systems, and Their Applications to Intelligence.","authors":"Stefano Nichele, Hiroki Sayama, Eric Medvet, Chrystopher Nehaniv, Mario Pavone","doi":"10.1162/artl_e_00450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_e_00450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolved Open-Endedness in Cultural Evolution: A New Dimension in Open-Ended Evolution Research. 文化进化中的开放性：开放式进化研究的新维度》。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00406
James M Borg, Andrew Buskell, Rohan Kapitany, Simon T Powers, Eva Reindl, Claudio Tennie
{"title":"Evolved Open-Endedness in Cultural Evolution: A New Dimension in Open-Ended Evolution Research.","authors":"James M Borg, Andrew Buskell, Rohan Kapitany, Simon T Powers, Eva Reindl, Claudio Tennie","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00406","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of Artificial Life research, as articulated by Chris Langton, is \"to contribute to theoretical biology by locating life-as-we-know-it within the larger picture of life-as-it-could-be.\" The study and pursuit of open-ended evolution in artificial evolutionary systems exemplify this goal. However, open-ended evolution research is hampered by two fundamental issues: the struggle to replicate open-endedness in an artificial evolutionary system and our assumption that we only have one system (genetic evolution) from which to draw inspiration. We argue not only that cultural evolution should be seen as another real-world example of an open-ended evolutionary system but that the unique qualities seen in cultural evolution provide us with a new perspective from which we can assess the fundamental properties of, and ask new questions about, open-ended evolutionary systems, especially with regard to evolved open-endedness and transitions from bounded to unbounded evolution. Here we provide an overview of culture as an evolutionary system, highlight the interesting case of human cultural evolution as an open-ended evolutionary system, and contextualize cultural evolution by developing a new framework of (evolved) open-ended evolution. We go on to provide a set of new questions that can be asked once we consider cultural evolution within the framework of open-ended evolution and introduce new insights that we may be able to gain about evolved open-endedness as a result of asking these questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"417-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9902353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interaction Rules Supporting Effective Flocking Behavior. 支持有效成群行为的互动规则
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00438
Nicola Milano, Stefano Nolfi
{"title":"Interaction Rules Supporting Effective Flocking Behavior.","authors":"Nicola Milano, Stefano Nolfi","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00438","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several simulation models have demonstrated how flocking behavior emerges from the interaction among individuals that react to the relative orientation of their neighbors based on simple rules. However, the precise nature of these rules and the relationship between the characteristics of the rules and the efficacy of the resulting collective behavior are unknown. In this article, we analyze the effect of the strength with which individuals react to the orientation of neighbors located in different sectors of their visual fields and the benefit that could be obtained by using control rules that are more elaborate than those normally used. Our results demonstrate that considering only neighbors located on the frontal side of the visual field permits an increase in the aggregation level of the swarm. Using more complex rules and/or additional sensory information does not lead to better performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"323-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-Organization and Phase Transitions in Driven Cellular Automata. 驱动型细胞自动机的自组织和相变
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00437
J Hank Rainwater
{"title":"Self-Organization and Phase Transitions in Driven Cellular Automata.","authors":"J Hank Rainwater","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00437","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Game of Life (GoL) cellular automaton is modified to inject order during execution of the state transition algorithm by making selected stable structures permanently active while interacting with normal active sites to create novel structures. A survey of the modified automaton's phenomenology and an analysis of its dynamics are presented in the context of the physics of the self-organization of matter by viewing the GoL as an artificial chemistry. These new structures become seeds for additional phases of structure building, analogous to nature's gravitational and thermodynamic churning of the geosphere that created material structures in phases, beginning the transition from geochemistry to prebiotic chemistry and laying foundational substrates for life-enabling organizational processes in an emerging biosphere. Evidence of selective self-assembly during phase transitions is reported where several GoL still life structures, configured as permanently active seeds evolving with random collections of active sites, resulted in geometrically identical structures as the GoL reached an equilibrium state of static density.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"302-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141088919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Word From the Editors (Editorial 30:3). 编辑的话》（第 30:3 期社论）。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00446
Alan Dorin, Susan Stepney
{"title":"A Word From the Editors (Editorial 30:3).","authors":"Alan Dorin, Susan Stepney","doi":"10.1162/artl_e_00446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl_e_00446","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"30 3","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the Open-Endedness of Detecting Open-Endedness. 论检测开放性的开放性。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00399
Susan Stepney, Simon Hickinbotham
{"title":"On the Open-Endedness of Detecting Open-Endedness.","authors":"Susan Stepney, Simon Hickinbotham","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00399","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We argue that attempting to quantify open-endedness misses the point: The nature of open-endedness is such that an open-ended system will eventually move outside its current model of behavior, and hence outside any measure based on that model. This presents a challenge for analyzing Artificial Life systems, leading us to conclude that the focus should be on understanding the mechanisms underlying open-endedness, not simply on attempting to quantify it. To demonstrate this, we apply several measures to eight long experimental runs of the spatial version of the Stringmol automata chemistry. These experiments were originally designed to examine the hypothesis that spatial structure provides a defense against parasites. The runs successfully show this defense, but also show a range of innovative, and possibly open-ended, behaviors involved in countering a parasitic arms race. Commencing with system-generic measures, we develop and use a variety of measures dedicated to analyzing some of these innovations. We argue that a process of analysis, starting with system-generic measures but going on to system-specific measures, will be needed wherever the phenomenon of open-endedness is involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":" ","pages":"390-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10795363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial Introduction to the 2024 Special Issue on Open-Ended Evolution. 2024 年开放式进化特刊编辑导言。
IF 1.6 4区 计算机科学
Artificial Life Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00445
Alastair Channon, Mark A Bedau, Norman H Packard, Tim Taylor
{"title":"Editorial Introduction to the 2024 Special Issue on Open-Ended Evolution.","authors":"Alastair Channon, Mark A Bedau, Norman H Packard, Tim Taylor","doi":"10.1162/artl_e_00445","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_e_00445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"30 3","pages":"300-301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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