African Journal of Psychiatry最新文献_第9页

Psychiatry and mental health research in South Africa: national priorities in a low and middle income context. 南非精神病学和心理健康研究:低收入和中等收入背景下的国家优先事项。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i6.54

D Stein

引用次数: 9

No health without mental health: challenges and opportunities in global mental health. 没有精神卫生就没有健康:全球精神卫生的挑战和机遇。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-11-01

S Saxena, S Skeen

引用次数: 0

Strengthening mental health systems. 加强精神卫生系统。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01

Christopher P Szabo

引用次数: 0

Lilliputian hallucinations in schizophrenia: a case report. 精神分裂症的小人国幻觉:一例报告。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.37

S Grover, V Kattharaghatta Girigowda, V Kumar

引用次数: 2

Social support and the psychological wellbeing of people living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana. 加纳艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的社会支持和心理健康。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.42

K Oppong Asante

{"title":"Social support and the psychological wellbeing of people living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana.","authors":"K Oppong Asante","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.42","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study sought to investigate the association between age, gender, social support and the psychological wellbeing of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHA) in Ghana.Method: Cross-sectional data containing information on demographics, social support and psychological well-being (stress, depression, and anxiety), were collected from 107 men and women living with HIV/AIDS. To explore age group differences, participants were stratified by age (< 39 vs. 40+ years). Three anonymous self-administered questionnaires were used, namely the demographic data questionnaire, Sources of Social Support Scale, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS- 42).Results: Correlation analysis revealed that social support was negatively associated with depression, stress and anxiety. Compared with males living with HIV, women reported higher levels of stress, depression and anxiety. Female gender and low social support were significant predictors of depression and stress after controlling for selected independent variables. Older participants experienced higher levels of stress than their younger counterparts.Conclusion: Public health personnel and AIDS professionals may consider further interventions to promote psychological health in HIV/AIDS-positive individuals. More attention should be paid to the social environment of individuals diagnosed with HIV as the quality of social relationships may be particularly important for successful psychological adaptation to HIV.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 5","pages":"340-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.42","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30962032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64

Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and disorder (ADHD) among African children: a review of epidemiology and co-morbidities. 非洲儿童的注意缺陷多动症状和障碍(ADHD):流行病学和合并症的综述

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.45

M O Bakare

{"title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and disorder (ADHD) among African children: a review of epidemiology and co-morbidities.","authors":"M O Bakare","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.45","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To review literature from Africa on the epidemiology of ADHD as well attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and associated co-morbid conditions among African children.Method: A literature search was done through Pubmed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar using then following terms, \"attention deficit\", \"hyperactivity disorders\", \"epidemiology\", \"co-morbid conditions\", \"Africa\". Nine studies met the inclusion criteria with four studies coming from South Africa, two each from Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria respectively and one from Ethiopia.Results: The prevalence of ADHD varied with rates of between 5.4% and 8.7%, amongst school children, 1.5% amongst children from the general population between 45.5% to 100.0% amongst special populations of children with possible organic brain pathology. Common associated co-morbid conditions were oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder as well as anxiety/depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Published data from Africa is limited. For effective healthcare policy further studies are needed to define the magnitude and burden of ADHD and other childhood neurodevelopmental disorders in Africa.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 5","pages":"358-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.45","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30962035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Aetiological understanding important for preventing mistreatment of dual diagnosis patients. 了解病因对预防双重诊断患者的不当治疗很重要。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01

H Liu, J Wang

引用次数: 0

Psychiatric contributions from South Africa: ex Africa semper aliquid novi. 来自南非的精神病学贡献:非非洲永久液体新生。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.39

D J Stein

引用次数: 2

A survey of risk behaviour for contracting HIV among adult psychiatric patients. A South African study - Part 1. 成人精神病患者感染艾滋病毒的危险行为调查。一项南非研究-第一部分。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.40

M M Mamabolo, T G Magagula, C Krüger, L Fletcher

{"title":"A survey of risk behaviour for contracting HIV among adult psychiatric patients. A South African study - Part 1.","authors":"M M Mamabolo, T G Magagula, C Krüger, L Fletcher","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.40","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Various studies have reported increased prevalence of HIV infection among psychiatric patients. Psychiatric patients are under-evaluated in terms of their HIV risk behaviour. The study sought to establish the prevalence of HIV risk behaviour and determine the association between risk behaviour and demographic and clinical variables.Method: Participants were 113 consenting adult in-patients. A structured interview was conducted with each participant. A total risk behaviour score was calculated. From the risk score, three risk behaviour categories were identified: 0 = no risk; 1 to 3 = medium risk; 4 to 9 = high risk. Associations between HIV risk behaviour and demographic and clinical variables were analysed.Results: Of the 113 participants, 68% were men and 32% women. The mean age was 38. Forty-five per cent were sexually active and 48% fell into the \"no-risk group\", 29% in the \"medium-risk\" group, and 23% in the \"high-risk\" group. Female patients with a history of treatment for sexually transmitted disease and a diagnosis of personality disorder were associated with being sexually abused. Having multiple sex partners was associated with diagnoses of substance-related disorders and cognitive disorders. Sex with someone known for less than 24 hours was associated with long-term hospitalisation and diagnoses of cognitive and personality disorders.Conclusion: The study confirmed that mentally ill patients are vulnerable and may be victimised. The study also suggests that mental illness may impair appreciation of consequences and lead to high-risk behaviour for contracting HIV. Special care should be taken to protect female patients in psychiatric institutions.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 5","pages":"329-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.40","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30962030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

A survey of HIV-related knowledge among adult psychiatric patients. A South African Study - Part 2. 成人精神病患者艾滋病相关知识调查。南非研究-第二部分。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-09-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.41

T G Magagula, M M Mamabolo, C Krüger, L Fletcher

{"title":"A survey of HIV-related knowledge among adult psychiatric patients. A South African Study - Part 2.","authors":"T G Magagula, M M Mamabolo, C Krüger, L Fletcher","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.41","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Studies have reported an increased prevalence of HIV infection among psychiatric patients. Inaccurate HIV knowledge is included as a factor in the increased risk of HIV infection in the mentally ill, but few studies have looked specifically at this factor. The aims of the study were to determine the knowledge of HIV and its transmission among adult psychiatric patients at Weskoppies Hospital and to determine the relationship between HIV knowledge and HIV risk behaviour.Method: Structured interviews were conducted with 113 consenting adult patients at Weskoppies Hospital. They were divided into three groups according to their length of hospital stay. The structured interview included questions about demographic data, the diagnoses and the AIDS Risk Behaviour Knowledge Test (AIDS-KT). Scores of 13 out of 13 represented accurate knowledge of HIV (level I); scores of 10-12 represented good knowledge (level II); scores of ≤ 9 represented poor knowledge (level III).Results: A total of 104 patients (92%) demonstrated excellent knowledge of HIV and its transmission (levels I and II). There was no significant linear association between HIV knowledge and risk-behaviour scores (Pearson's correlation coefficient r= -0.11).Conclusion: The presence of high-risk behaviours despite good HIV-related knowledge in this group of patients, leads us to think that knowledge alone will not limit HIV risk behaviours. For this reason, educational programmes should not be limited to interventions that simply increase knowledge about HIV infection but should extend to clinical factors, including patients' motivation and readiness to change their behaviour.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"15 5","pages":"335-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4314/ajpsy.v15i5.41","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30962031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4