African Journal of Psychiatry最新文献_第7页

Reinstitutionalization by stealth: the Forensic Mental Health Service is the new chronic system. 秘密的再机构化：法医心理健康服务是新的慢性系统。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.2

S Kallski

引用次数: 0

Mirtazapine and ondansetron: a dual pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interaction. 米氮平和昂丹司琼：双重药效学和药代动力学相互作用。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01

R Lozano

引用次数: 0

Training psychiatrists in South Africa. 在南非培训精神科医生。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.1

C P Szabo

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of a nurse facilitated cognitive group intervention among mild to moderately-depressed-women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. 一名护士在南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省轻至中度抑郁症妇女中促进认知团体干预的有效性。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.5

D Chetty, M E Hoque

{"title":"Effectiveness of a nurse facilitated cognitive group intervention among mild to moderately-depressed-women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"D Chetty, M E Hoque","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.5","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of a nurse-facilitated-cognitive-group (NFCG) intervention as an adjunct to antidepressant medication, in mild to moderately, depressed women.Method: This was a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent, control group design study. A sample of 30 consenting participants was selected from an urban, community psychiatric clinic, and the participants were randomly allocated to the control and the intervention groups. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).Results: After six weeks of implementation of the NFCG intervention, there was a decrease in the BDI scores of the intervention group, and an increase in the BDI scores in the control group (CG) - but the difference in scores was not significant (Student's t-test=1.076, p=0.291). After 12 weeks of the group intervention, the BDI scores for the intervention group, showed a considerable reduction in their levels of depression, whilst the participants of the control group had a further increase in their scores. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups, with respect to the BDI scores (p<0.001). The Friedman test indicated that the mean BDI scores, were statistically significant (p<0.001) within the intervention group, meaning that the BDI scores improved, at the end of the intervention for all the participants. Analysis of the BDI scores, using the Friedman test, showed that there was no improvement in the control group (p=0.597).Conclusion: The NFCG intervention, as an adjunct to antidepressant medication, contributed to a reduction in depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31245968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monitoring the prevalence of methamphetamine-related presentations at psychiatric hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. 监测南非开普敦精神病院与甲基苯丙胺有关的情况。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.8

A Plüddemann, S Dada, C D H Parry, R Kader, J S Parker, H Temmingh, S van Heerden, C de Clercq, I Lewis

{"title":"Monitoring the prevalence of methamphetamine-related presentations at psychiatric hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa.","authors":"A Plüddemann, S Dada, C D H Parry, R Kader, J S Parker, H Temmingh, S van Heerden, C de Clercq, I Lewis","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.8","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to determine a demographic profile of methamphetamine (MA)-related admissions to major psychiatric services in Cape Town, obtain a substance use profile from admitted patients, a profile of common MA-related symptoms encountered during the assessment of the patients presenting with MA-related problems, and a brief profile of the psychiatric diagnoses made.Method: Staff in six psychiatric hospitals or wards in Cape Town collected data on methamphetamine related admissions between July and December 2008 using a one-page record review form. The data collection form consisted of the patient's demographic details, presenting symptoms, previous admission details, current MA and other substance use information, and DSM-IV diagnosis.Results: A total of 235 forms were completed. Most patients were male (69%) and the mean age was 25 years. The most common presenting symptoms were aggressive behaviour (74%), followed by delusions (59%) and hallucinations (57%). Males were two times more likely to present with aggression as compared to females, while females were significantly more likely to present with depressed mood or euphoric/elevated mood. The majority of patients had substance-induced psychotic disorder (41%), followed by schizophrenia (31%). Twelve percent (12%) had bipolar mood disorder.Conclusion: MA-related psychiatric admissions pose serious challenges to all health services dealing with these patients. Further training and treatment protocol development and distribution is indicated.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":"45-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31336917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing community based and hospital based treatment in psychiatry: what does my experience reveal? 比较社区和医院的精神病学治疗:我的经验揭示了什么?

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01

S Ramful

引用次数: 0

Posttraumatic stress disorder diagnostic criteria and suicidal ideation in a South African Police sample. 南非警察样本中的创伤后应激障碍诊断标准和自杀意念。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.3

R Steyn, N Vawda, G E Wyatt, J K Williams, S N Madu

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder diagnostic criteria and suicidal ideation in a South African Police sample.","authors":"R Steyn, N Vawda, G E Wyatt, J K Williams, S N Madu","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.3","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Exposure to traumatic events may precipitate suicidal ideation. Once an individual is diagnosed with PTSD, a suicide risk assessment often follows. This study explores how PTSD symptom criteria correlate with suicidal ideation in a sample of police officers. While the psychometric measures of PTSD often mirror the DSM-IV-TR criteria, focusing on exposure, symptom, and duration criteria, suicidal ideation measures often focus on concepts quite different from that. In this report the focus was on investigating how PTSD symptom criteria correlate with the suicidal ideation.Method: A group of South African police officers (N = 217) were assessed by means of the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale and a short version of the Adult Suicide Ideation Questionnaire. Linear and hierarchical regressions were used to determine which PTSD symptom criteria best predict suicidal ideation.Results: Hyperarousal was the primary predictor of suicidal ideation (R(2) [adjusted] = 0.249). Intrusive thoughts added only marginally to the model, contributing a further 2.5% to the declared variance. The contributions of the other two symptom types were negligible.Conclusion: In this study hyperarousal correlated significantly with suicidal ideation. It is suggested that practitioners be alert to these symptoms as possible indicators of suicidal ideation. Implications for suicide risk assessment and prevention measures are discussed.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4004521/pdf/nihms-573897.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31245966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting referral practices of traditional healers of their patients with a mental illness: an application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. 预测传统治疗师对精神疾病患者的转诊做法：计划行为理论的应用。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.6

K Sorsdahl, D J Stein, A J Flisher

{"title":"Predicting referral practices of traditional healers of their patients with a mental illness: an application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour.","authors":"K Sorsdahl, D J Stein, A J Flisher","doi":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.6","DOIUrl":"10.4314/ajpsy.v16i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although many studies indicate that traditional healers are willing to collaborate with Western practitioners in South Africa, none focus specifically on mental health care, and none use a theory of health behaviour to explain their findings. The present study applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict traditional healer referral practices of patients with a mental illness.Method: One hundred traditional healers were first interviewed to assess the TPB variables and were contacted again 5 months later to measure self-reported behaviour.Results: Herbalists were less likely than other types of healers to refer patients with a mental illness to Western health professionals. From the TPB application, the following cognitive variables were found to predict intentions: attitudes (β = 0.612, p< 0.01); perceived behavioural control (β = 0.355, p< 0.01); and past behaviour (β = 0.704, p< 0.01). Subjective norms and knowledge of mental illness did not predict intentions. Finally, past behaviour (β = 0.297, p = 0.040) and intentions to refer patients (β = 0.758, p< 0.01) predicted greater self-reported behaviour.Conclusion: The TPB may be a useful theoretical model for predicting the referral practices of traditional healers. The empirical data here may be useful for future work designing interventions to provide traditional healers with the information and skills they require to appropriately refer patients with mental illness.","PeriodicalId":55549,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"16 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31245969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health promotion and the prevention of mental disorders in South Africa. 在南非促进精神健康和预防精神障碍。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i6.50

I Petersen, A Bhana, L Swartz

引用次数: 0

Addressing psychosocial problems among persons living with HIV. 解决艾滋病毒感染者的社会心理问题。

African Journal of Psychiatry Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.4314/ajpsy.v15i6.53

A Kagee

引用次数: 0