American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第3页

Firearm Fatalities in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Study From the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office. 儿科人群中的枪杀案：库克郡法医办公室的一项回顾性研究。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000973

Alexandra Cina, Ilaria Tarozzi, Ponni Arunkumar, Lorenzo Gitto

{"title":"Firearm Fatalities in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Study From the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office.","authors":"Alexandra Cina, Ilaria Tarozzi, Ponni Arunkumar, Lorenzo Gitto","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000973","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000973","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Gunshot injuries are one of the leading causes of death from trauma in the United States. In recent years, the US has experienced an increasing number of fatal pediatric cases related to firearms.A search of the database of the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office over the period January 2016-December 2021 revealed 418 deaths by gunshot wounds (GSWs) among people aged between 0 and 18 years old. Subjects were subcategorized in infants (0 to 1 year), toddlers (≥1 to 3 years), preschool (≥3 to 6 years), preadolescents (≥6 to 12 years), and adolescents (≥12 to 18 years).Most victims were males (n = 374) and adolescents (357 males and 30 females). Homicide (n = 373) was the most common manner of death. Only 2 deaths were accidental. Single GSWs deaths (n = 232) were more common than multiple GSWs (n = 186) and preferentially directed to the head in both homicides and suicides. Gang or robbery related events in areas of readily available firearms explained 4.5% of homicides (17 out of 373 cases). Among deaths by self-inflicted GSWs (n = 36), 7 cases were linked to psychiatric disorders, 3 to family difficulties, 2 to history of playing Russian roulette, and 2 to bullying at school.Pediatric gunshot injuries and deaths are an important public health problem. Understanding and addressing individual and societal risk factors should be the first step toward prevention.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracheobronchial Thrombus. 气管支气管血栓。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000969

Sarra Dodaro, David Winston

引用次数: 0

Fiocchi/SinterFire: Lead-Free, Sintered-Metal Frangible Ammunition/Projectiles. Fiocchi/SinterFire：无铅烧结金属易碎弹药/弹丸。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000974

Garrett Phillips

引用次数: 0

Fat Embolism Fatalities Following Liposuction/Injection in Los Angeles County (2010-2018). 洛杉矶县吸脂/注射后脂肪栓塞死亡率（2010-2018）。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000993

Christopher Rogers, Denis Astarita, Lakshmanan Sathyavagiswaran, Patrick Pazmiño, Arturo Ramírez-Montañana

{"title":"Fat Embolism Fatalities Following Liposuction/Injection in Los Angeles County (2010-2018).","authors":"Christopher Rogers, Denis Astarita, Lakshmanan Sathyavagiswaran, Patrick Pazmiño, Arturo Ramírez-Montañana","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000993","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000993","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: One complication of autologous fat transfer into the buttocks (cosmetic injection of fat into the gluteal region) is inadvertent fat embolization. In 2015, our office published a case of macro fat/adipose tissue embolization following fat transfer surgery. Between 2010 and 2018, we had six additional cases of macro/micro fat embolism that caused death. Professional associations and plastic surgeons have recommended ways to avoid fat embolism during fat transfer. In our experience, the risk of fat embolism has decreased in Los Angeles in recent years. Our office has had only one case since 2018 where an unlicensed individual performed the procedure. However, fat embolism is still possible in cases where professional recommendations are not followed. We recommend that the evaluation of possible fat embolus cases include full autopsy with gluteal dissection, microscopic examination of intravascular fat, review of medical and anesthesia records, including whether ultrasound was used during fat grafting, toxicological examination of specimens taken as close to the time of arrest as possible, and anesthesiology consultation.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers to Family History Collection and Family Medical Screening Recommendation in the Sudden Death in the Young Case Registry. 青少年猝死病例登记中家庭病史收集和家庭医疗筛查建议的障碍。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000989

Bailey Machek, Cassandra Buck, Heather MacLeod, Christine Keywan

{"title":"Barriers to Family History Collection and Family Medical Screening Recommendation in the Sudden Death in the Young Case Registry.","authors":"Bailey Machek, Cassandra Buck, Heather MacLeod, Christine Keywan","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000989","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000989","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Sudden death in the young (SDY) poses a public health problem affecting thousands of individuals annually in the United States. The SDY Case Registry utilizes existing infrastructure of death investigation programs, including medical examiner/coroner (ME/C) systems, to enhance understanding of SDY causes and risk factors to inform prevention strategies. This includes identifying and promoting screening recommendations for at-risk family members. To explore barriers to family history collection and familial screening recommendation procedures across Registry sites, nine individuals from seven SDY sites were interviewed. Interviews focused on logistics, methods to address barriers, and recommendations for improvements. Despite variability in practices, data analysis revealed three common themes related to barriers of these processes: (1) timing and grief, (2) lack of family history in medical records, and (3) families lost to follow-up. This study offers insights into these processes within the Registry and sheds light on broader practices within the death investigation domain. Data analysis led to recommendations for the improvement of these practices including the prioritization of three key family history questions during the initial death investigation by a designated individual in each office/system.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"34-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suicidal Iron and Paracetamol Overdose: A Case Report. 自杀性铁和扑热息痛过量：一例报告。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000997

Carmen Zenda Vandoorne

引用次数: 0

MDMB-4en-PINACA-Related Deaths in Cook County Jail: Awareness and Preventive Measures. 库克郡监狱中与 MDMB-4en-PINACA 相关的死亡事件：认识和预防措施。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000966

Lorenzo Gitto, Tracy Wadsworth, Daniel Isenschmid, Alex J Krotulski, Barry K Logan, Ilaria Tarozzi, Ponni Arunkumar

{"title":"MDMB-4en-PINACA-Related Deaths in Cook County Jail: Awareness and Preventive Measures.","authors":"Lorenzo Gitto, Tracy Wadsworth, Daniel Isenschmid, Alex J Krotulski, Barry K Logan, Ilaria Tarozzi, Ponni Arunkumar","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000966","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000966","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Since January 2023, a series of fatalities has occurred in the Cook County Jail. Upon reviewing surveillance videos, in some cases, the inmates shared paper strips, and it was followed by the onset of labored breathing and loss of consciousness. Scene investigation revealed burnt paper strips near the body in 3 cases. No trauma was observed during autopsy. The expanded toxicology panels did not detect any illegal drugs in the postmortem blood samples. However, additional analysis specifically targeting synthetic cannabinoids revealed the presence of MDMB-4en-PINACA [methyl 3,3-dimethyl-2-{[1-(pent-4-en-1-yl)-1 H -indazole-3-carbonyl]amino}butanoate], a synthetic cannabinoid associated with a wide range of adverse effects, including cardiovascular complications such as tachycardia and hypertension, respiratory depression, and acute kidney injury. There is limited research on the lethality of MDMB-4en-PINACA. This case series suggests that even isolated use can potentially lead to death. This study aims to raise public awareness regarding MDMB-4en-PINACA, highlighting its unpredictable effects and potential for severe adverse reactions, and to facilitate the development of effective prevention and harm reduction strategies. Implementing screening methods in correctional facilities is crucial to prevent the circulation of potentially fatal substances.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TASER 7 and TASER 10 Probe Penetration Into Human Skull Simulants. TASER 7 和 TASER 10 探针穿透人体颅骨模拟物。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000982

Natalia Khmara, Silvan Gort, Beat Kaelin, Michael J Thali, Stephan A Bolliger

{"title":"TASER 7 and TASER 10 Probe Penetration Into Human Skull Simulants.","authors":"Natalia Khmara, Silvan Gort, Beat Kaelin, Michael J Thali, Stephan A Bolliger","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000982","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000982","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The older generation TASER probes X26 and X2 have been shown to be capable of piercing the skull with their tips. With the introduction of the new TASER 7 and the far more powerful TASER 10, concerns have arisen as to whether these weapons might penetrate the skull more deeply and thus prove to be potentially lethal. For this reason, we tested the penetration capacity of these weapons on polyurethane-gelatine-buckskin head simulants at different firing distances. The striking speeds and striking angles were documented with a high-speed camera, and the piercing depths were recorded by computed tomography. None of the probes penetrated the skull, but their tips did; TASER 7 probe tips pierced up to 5.6 mm, whereas TASER 10 probe tips pierced up to 10.4 mm. The TASER 7 probes fared better with regard to penetration depth at shorter firing distances; on the other hand, the TASER 10 probes pierced more deeply at distances of 3 to 4 m, with their flight stability improving after the first 2 m. Our results imply that TASER 7 and TASER 10 probes are not to be expected to cause great harm or even death when striking the head.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ruptured Aortic Valve Aneurysm Caused by Infective Endocarditis in a SARS-CoV-2-Positive Autopsy Case. 一例 SARS-CoV-2 阳性尸检病例中由感染性心内膜炎引起的主动脉瓣破裂动脉瘤

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000978

Shojiro Takasu, Sari Matsumoto, Yuko Kanto, Kimiharu Iwadate

{"title":"Ruptured Aortic Valve Aneurysm Caused by Infective Endocarditis in a SARS-CoV-2-Positive Autopsy Case.","authors":"Shojiro Takasu, Sari Matsumoto, Yuko Kanto, Kimiharu Iwadate","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000978","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000978","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Aortic valve aneurysm, an extremely rare complication secondary to infective endocarditis (IE), may cause heart failure due to rupture of the aneurysm. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to cause cardiovascular complications and alter susceptibility to secondary infections such as IE. Herein, we report a case of IE with a fatal outcome caused by rupture of an aortic valve aneurysm in a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive autopsy case. The patient was a 67-year-old male diagnosed with heart failure after presenting with edema and weight gain. He was found dead in bed 2 weeks after initial symptom presentation. Autopsy revealed an aneurysmal sac in the center of the noncoronary cusp of the aortic valve with an opening of approximately 1 cm in the center of the aneurysmal wall. Histologically, aortic valve vegetation, destruction of the aortic valve cusp, rupture of the aneurysmal wall, and an abscess under the aortic intima were observed. Gram staining of the aneurysmal wall showed a gram-positive coccus. The reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay was positive for SARS-CoV-2. Because no defined risk factors for IE other than SARS-CoV-2 infection were observed, the association between IE and COVID-19 was highly likely.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"55-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lethal Self-Administration of Atracurium: A Rarely Reported Case with Review of Literature. 自行注射阿曲库铵致死：一例罕见病例及文献综述。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000985

Darshan Galoria, Srushti Shukla, Arijit Datta, Abhishek Das, Dhara Goswami, Pradip Rana, Preeti Tiwari

{"title":"Lethal Self-Administration of Atracurium: A Rarely Reported Case with Review of Literature.","authors":"Darshan Galoria, Srushti Shukla, Arijit Datta, Abhishek Das, Dhara Goswami, Pradip Rana, Preeti Tiwari","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000985","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000985","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Atracurium besylate is a nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant first introduced in 1980. It is used during endotracheal intubation. It causes muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. When people consider suicide, they employ drugs found in their surroundings but not usually injectable muscle relaxants, which are not widely available. Studies on their use in suicide are rarely reported worldwide. This was a case of a 34-year-old male nursing staff, working in the general surgery department's operation theater complex, who was found unconscious in bed in his room in the morning with an empty syringe by the bedside. He was declared dead when brought to the emergency department. Forensic autopsy was conducted, and during the external examination, a needle puncture wound was found over the left cubital fossa. No other external other injuries were observed throughout the body. The toxicological analysis report indicated the presence of laudanosine in the vitreous humor, blood, urine, and skin from the puncture site and underneath vein. Also, the toxicological analysis of the empty syringe found at the crime scene revealed the presence of atracurium, confirming that the victim had administered a lethal dose of atracurium.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0