American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第3页

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001047

D Kimberley Molina

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Human Herpesvirus 6 Encephalitis: An Autopsy Case and Literature Review. 人类疱疹病毒6型脑炎：一例尸检病例及文献复习。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001002

Naoto Tani, Takaki Ishikawa

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The Postmortem Pathology of Sudden Death in Chronic Alcohol Exposure and Acute Alcohol Intoxication: A Review of Medicolegal Considerations, Traumatic and Systemic Pathology, and Biochemical Mechanisms. 慢性酒精暴露和急性酒精中毒猝死的死后病理：医学法律考虑、创伤性和系统性病理以及生化机制的综述。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001000

Harry R Haynes, Patrick J Gallagher, Maria H Thom, Reza A Morovat, Russell J Delaney, Amanda J Jeffery

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Anatomy of a Crash: Analysis of 102 Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatalities. 车祸解剖：102例行人和骑自行车者死亡分析。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001017

Thomas Herb, Alexis Snyder, Allecia Wilson

{"title":"Anatomy of a Crash: Analysis of 102 Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatalities.","authors":"Thomas Herb, Alexis Snyder, Allecia Wilson","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001017","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities have increased over the past decade in the United States. Factors proposed to explain this increase include the increased popularity of larger passenger vehicles, road design to accommodate faster-moving traffic, and poor road infrastructure. We analyzed a series of 102 pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities to determine which factors were involved. Results demonstrated substance abuse as the most common pertinent decedent medical history, a disproportionate number of crashes occurred during evening/nighttime hours, and most crashes involved larger passenger vehicles. The percentage of cases involving sport utility vehicles (SUVs) has increased over time. Injury pattern analysis demonstrated that smaller passenger vehicles at lower speeds were more likely to cause lower extremity fractures compared to SUVs. Alcohol was the most common decedent substance detected on toxicology, and decedents with a previous mental health history were more likely to have positive toxicology for illicit substances than those without. Sixty-three percent of cases lacked sidewalks, and 85% of cases lacked bike lanes. We compared the trends that we saw on a small scale to those seen nationally and uncovered certain novel associations from the perspective of medical examination.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"111-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Cardiovascular Disease in Acute Cocaine Compared to Acute Fentanyl Intoxication Deaths. 急性可卡因中毒死亡与急性芬太尼中毒死亡的心血管疾病比较。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000994

Olivia Burke, Susan F Ely, James R Gill

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease in Acute Cocaine Compared to Acute Fentanyl Intoxication Deaths.","authors":"Olivia Burke, Susan F Ely, James R Gill","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000994","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000994","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cocaine is the most common stimulant drug that causes death in Connecticut. Unlike opioid intoxication deaths, which largely correlate with dose/concentration, cocaine deaths occur more idiosyncratically, with mechanisms of death often related to underlying cardiovascular disease. We examined 78 sole acute cocaine and 306 sole acute fentanyl intoxication deaths to assess their association with cardiovascular disease. In the cocaine cohort, 87% (68/78) had atherosclerotic and/or hypertensive cardiovascular disease while 40% (122/306) in the fentanyl cohort did. Cocaine was detected in 40% of all accidental drug intoxication deaths, 41% of all accidental drug intoxication deaths involving fentanyl, and 37% of all drug intoxication deaths involving heroin. The relatively low number of sole cocaine deaths compared to the much higher proportion of cocaine/opioid deaths may be explained by the synergistic effects encountered in many mixed drug intoxications, the contributory role of cardiovascular disease in sole cocaine deaths, and/or the increased prevalence and potency of fentanyl. The high number of sole cocaine deaths in which the decedents had co-existing heart disease compared to those from sole fentanyl deaths ( P < 0.001) suggests that heart disease plays a mechanistic role in sole cocaine deaths, whereas the potency of fentanyl is the dominant mechanism in fentanyl deaths.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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New and Emerging "Nitazene" Analogues Appearing in Medicolegal Death Investigations: N -Pyrrolidino Protonitazene and N -Desethyl Isotonitazene. 新的和新兴的“Nitazene”类似物出现在医学上的死亡调查：n -吡咯利迪诺原硝基苯和n -去乙基异硝基苯。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001025

Sara Walton, Donna Papsun, Elisa Shoff, Kayla Ellefsen, Alex Krotulski

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A Multidisciplinary Approach to Navigating Variants of Uncertain Significance in Sudden Infant Deaths: A Case Report of 2 Siblings With an SCN10A VUS. 一种多学科方法来导航婴儿猝死中不确定意义的变异：两名患有SCN10A VUS的兄弟姐妹的病例报告

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001008

Renee Dumm, Austin Pagani, Lydia Hellwig, Mark Haigney, Mauricio De Castro, Joel Hughes, John Paul Schacht, William McClain, John Walsh

{"title":"A Multidisciplinary Approach to Navigating Variants of Uncertain Significance in Sudden Infant Deaths: A Case Report of 2 Siblings With an SCN10A VUS.","authors":"Renee Dumm, Austin Pagani, Lydia Hellwig, Mark Haigney, Mauricio De Castro, Joel Hughes, John Paul Schacht, William McClain, John Walsh","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001008","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The sudden death of a previously healthy infant is a devastating event for a family-the death of 2 even more unimaginable. Prior to the debunking of Meadow's law, a legal concept attributing multiple unexplained infant deaths to Munchausen by proxy, these events could lead to the wrongful prosecution of those who had lost their children to \"sudden unexpected infant death (SUID).\" Today, these cases, wherein multiple infants within one family pass inexplicably, raise suspicion for a possible genetic cause and point toward a need for postmortem genetic testing.We present the case of 2 siblings who passed suddenly in infancy, with no structural cause of death identified at autopsy. Genetic testing in both infants found the same variant of uncertain significance, a heterozygous single nucleotide substitution, denoted c.3191C>T, in SCN10A, which encodes a sodium channel with pathogenic variants possibly implicated in sudden cardiac death syndromes. Although it is unclear at this time if the variant of uncertain significance identified was a contributing factor in the deaths, the case emphasized the importance of involving a multidisciplinary team to ensure appropriate pretest and posttest counseling, interpretation of nuanced testing results, and medical follow-up for surviving family members of SUID.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"160-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden Unexpected Death Due to Undiagnosed Pilocytic Astrocytoma. 未确诊的毛细胞星形细胞瘤所致突然意外死亡。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001041

Lauren K Santoro, Devan C Glensor, Daniel V Sullivan, J Jun Guan

{"title":"Sudden Unexpected Death Due to Undiagnosed Pilocytic Astrocytoma.","authors":"Lauren K Santoro, Devan C Glensor, Daniel V Sullivan, J Jun Guan","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001041","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Pilocytic astrocytomas are slow-growing neuroepithelial tumors most commonly found in children, with favorable prognoses. Prognosis is less favorable in the rare adult case in which survival rates decrease with age. Because of the rarity of these tumors in adults, undiagnosed pilocytic astrocytomas causing sudden death are hardly ever encountered in the forensic autopsy setting. The San Francisco Office of the Chief Medical Examiner was presented with a 27-year-old female patient with unknown medical history and recent complaints of nausea and vomiting. Postmortem computed tomography revealed a well-demarcated heterogeneous right cerebellar cystic mass. The autopsy showed an edematous brain with hydrocephalus and fourth ventricular compression, due to a heterogeneous mass found in the right cerebellum. Histopathological examination of the mass revealed findings consistent with the microscopic diagnosis of pilocytic astrocytoma. This case highlights one example of an adult patient with untreated pilocytic astrocytoma in which obstructive hydrocephalus ultimately resulted in death, and discusses the advantages of utilizing post-mortem computed tomography in addition to autopsy.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden Death With Lyme Disease Myocarditis: A Case Report. 猝死与莱姆病心肌炎1例

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001045

Yi Zhu, Julian A Villalba, Jennifer Kasten, Marlene DeLeon Carnes, Julu Bhatnagar, Ross Zumwalt

引用次数: 0

A Self-immolation Dilemma. 自焚困境。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001049

Lindsey M Martens, Allison B Anderson, Selly Strauch, Susan Roe

{"title":"A Self-immolation Dilemma.","authors":"Lindsey M Martens, Allison B Anderson, Selly Strauch, Susan Roe","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000001049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Setting oneself on fire, termed self-immolation, has high mortality and morbidity.A 60-year-old female patient with a history of depression and anxiety was found by drone search deceased with thermal injuries in a cornfield. Her abandoned vehicle was found with a dead battery and out of fuel 1/4 mile away. A lighter was lying 8 feet from the decedent, and a string of rosary beads, clothing, cigarettes, pliers, and a glass bottle with a cross on it were found nearby.Autopsy findings were notable for charring of the face, torso, and portions of the extremities, soot deposition in the peripheral airways, erythema of the epiglottis, bilateral lateral tongue hemorrhages, and pulmonary congestion and edema.The toxicology report revealed a blood carbon monoxide level of 23.8%. A blood volatile screen was negative. Blood drug screen was positive for a metabolite of marijuana and loperamide.The patient was determined to be alone at the time of the fire and death. No fuel or ignitable fluid was identified. The origin of the fire and the manner of death were listed as undetermined. The cause of death was determined to be thermal injuries and smoke inhalation. Whether this case represents a deliberate act or a possible accident remains in question.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0