American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第10页

A Possible Mechanism of Laryngohyoid Fractures in Hanging: A Preliminary Observation. 悬吊过程中喉骨骨折的可能机制：初步观察

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000944

Matt Meredith, Peter Harris, Christopher Day, Nathan Milne, Trevor Watkins, Beng Beng Ong

{"title":"A Possible Mechanism of Laryngohyoid Fractures in Hanging: A Preliminary Observation.","authors":"Matt Meredith, Peter Harris, Christopher Day, Nathan Milne, Trevor Watkins, Beng Beng Ong","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000944","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000944","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Fractures of the hyoid bone, particularly the greater horns, and thyroid cartilage (superior horns) are known to be associated with hanging deaths. Depending on the literature, the frequency of these fractures varies from 0% to 83%. The mechanism underlying these fractures is believed to be direct compression or indirect traction from the ligature. The relationship of these structures with the cervical spine cannot be visualized with traditional internal examination, due to obstruction by surrounding soft tissue. Postmortem computed tomography scan offers an unobscured view of the relationship of the laryngohyoid structures with the cervical spine.We aim to illustrate the phenomenon of displacement of the laryngohyoid structures associated with fractures of the horns. In our case reports, the laryngohyoid structures were displaced, not only superiorly and posteriorly, but also in 2 of the cases, by tilting, when the suspension point was at the posterior or posterolateral aspect of the neck. This displacement had caused the greater horns of the hyoid bone and superior horns of the thyroid cartilage to be approximated against the cervical spine, particularly the transverse processes. We believe that, in these circumstances, the fractures were caused by pressure of the horns of the laryngohyoid structures against the cervical spine.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"254-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do Not Turn a Blind Eye on Forensic Biochemistry: Using Vitreous Electrolytes to Reveal Renal Insufficiency as Cause of Death. 不要对法医生物化学视而不见：利用玻璃体电解质揭示肾功能不全死因。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000913

Thomas Auen, Erin Linde

引用次数: 0

A Novel Delayed Complication of Button Battery Ingestion Diagnosed on Postmortem Imaging. 通过尸检成像诊断出的纽扣电池吞食新延迟并发症

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000901

Syeda Hania Qamar, Tishan Maraj, Michael Pickup, Maliha Khara

引用次数: 0

A Narrative Review on the Clinical Relevance of Imaging the Circumventricular Brain Organs and Performing Their Anatomical and Histopathological Examination in Acute and Postacute COVID-19. 关于在急性和急性后 COVID-19 中对脑室周围器官进行成像并对其进行解剖学和组织病理学检查的临床意义的叙述性综述》（A Narrative Review on the Clinical Relevance of Imaging the Circumventricular Brain Organs and Performing Their Anatomical and Histopathological Examination in Acute and Postacute COVID-19）。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000939

Agustin Castañeyra-Perdomo, Jose Luis Gonzalez-Mora, Emilia Maria Carmona-Calero, Nikos Makris, Jose Luis Carrasco-Juan

{"title":"A Narrative Review on the Clinical Relevance of Imaging the Circumventricular Brain Organs and Performing Their Anatomical and Histopathological Examination in Acute and Postacute COVID-19.","authors":"Agustin Castañeyra-Perdomo, Jose Luis Gonzalez-Mora, Emilia Maria Carmona-Calero, Nikos Makris, Jose Luis Carrasco-Juan","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000939","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000939","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Autopsy followed by histopathological examination is foundational in clinical and forensic medicine for discovering and understanding pathological changes in disease, their underlying processes, and cause of death. Imaging technology has become increasingly important for advancing clinical research and practice, given its noninvasive, in vivo and ex vivo applicability. Medical and forensic autopsy can benefit greatly from advances in imaging technology that lead toward minimally invasive, whole-brain virtual autopsy. Brain autopsy followed by histopathological examination is still the hallmark for understanding disease and a fundamental modus operandi in forensic pathology and forensic medicine, despite the fact that its practice has become progressively less frequent in medical settings. This situation is especially relevant with respect to new diseases such as COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, for which our neuroanatomical knowledge is sparse. In this narrative review, we show that ad hoc clinical autopsies and histopathological analyses combined with neuroimaging of the principal circumventricular organs are critical to gaining insight into the reconstruction of the pathophysiological mechanisms and the explanation of cause of death (ie, atrium mortis) related to the cardiovascular effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in forensic and clinical medicine.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":"45 2","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11479582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histopathological Diagnosis of Suicidal Oleander Poisoning: An Illustrated Forensic Pathology Report. 自杀性夹竹桃中毒的组织病理学诊断：图解法医病理学报告。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000885

M Sangita, R K Vidua, J K Chaurasia, D C Bhargava

引用次数: 0

Pilot Application of SEM/EDX Analysis on Suspected Cigarette Burns in a Forensic Autopsy Case of Child Abuse. 在一例虐待儿童的法医尸检中，对疑似香烟烧伤进行 SEM/EDX 分析的试点应用。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000922

Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Riccardo Primavera, Enrico Muccino, Riccardo Zoja

{"title":"Pilot Application of SEM/EDX Analysis on Suspected Cigarette Burns in a Forensic Autopsy Case of Child Abuse.","authors":"Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Riccardo Primavera, Enrico Muccino, Riccardo Zoja","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000922","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000922","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cigarette burn lesions present forensic scenarios that are often difficult to investigate, both from a morphological diagnostic point of view and with regard to the mode of infliction, especially if the victim is unable to speak or has died. Although there may be the suspicion for a lesion to be produced by a lit cigarette, to date one can only rely on the morphological aspects that characterize it, and there is a lack of tools to reach the most evidence-based diagnosis possible. This limitation arose when managing a forensic autopsy case of possible child abuse that resulted in the death of the child, characterized by the presence of 3 suspicious cigarette burn lesions. We therefore decided to perform scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray (SEM/EDX) spectrometry analysis on these lesions and on the cigarette butt found at the crime scene. At the same time, SEM/EDX was applied to the analysis of an unlit cigarette in its entirety (obtained from the same source package as the cigarette butt), a positive control skin sample with an iatrogenic cigarette burn injury, and a negative control skin sample. Among the various compounds highlighted on compositional analysis, only sulfuric anhydride (SO 3 ) and phosphoric anhydride (P 2 O 5 ) showed a highly significant distribution pattern by being found in the autopsy samples, the cigarette butt, the tobacco of the unlit cigarette, and the positive skin control. Considering this, cigarette burns appear to follow Locard's principle as well, and similarly to other lesions, SEM/EDX allowed the diagnosis of cigarette burn lesions, already suspected morphologically, to be corroborated. Therefore, SEM/EDX is confirmed as a helpful tool in forensic pathology investigations.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Canceling of Excited Delirium. 取消兴奋谵妄。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000934

James R Gill

引用次数: 0

Hyoid Bone and Thyroid Cartilage Fractures at Forensic Autopsies. 舌骨和甲状腺软骨骨折的法医尸检。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000904

Yalçın Büyük, Murat Nihat Arslan, Selahattin Yalçınkaya, Muhammed Emin Gökşen

{"title":"Hyoid Bone and Thyroid Cartilage Fractures at Forensic Autopsies.","authors":"Yalçın Büyük, Murat Nihat Arslan, Selahattin Yalçınkaya, Muhammed Emin Gökşen","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000904","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000904","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Fractures of the hyoid bone (HB) and thyroid cartilage (TC) are important findings in emergency medicine and forensic pathology. This study aimed to determine the occurrence and anatomical localization of HB and TC fractures and to evaluate the etiological and risk factors.A total of 315 patients with HB and/or TC fractures were included over a 3-year period. Data regarding the incident type, cause of death, age, sex, body mass index, regional trauma findings, location of fractures, resuscitation, and toxicological analyses were collected. Injury severity scores were calculated using the Abbreviated Injury Scale.The study found that HB and TC fractures were associated with trauma severity. The hanging cases exhibited the highest number of fractures. A significant association was observed between neck trauma localization and HB and TC fractures. Fractures of the HB and TC horns were more commonly associated with neck trauma than fractures of the corpus. Hyoid bone and TC fractures can occur without direct trauma, emphasizing the importance of thorough examination and diagnosis, particularly after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.This study provides valuable insights into HB and TC fractures and contributes to the understanding and identification of these fractures in forensic autopsies and clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technical Note: Removal of Circle of Willis During Autopsy. 技术说明:解剖时切除威利斯圈。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000899

Sibi Vijayakumar, Atul Keche, Sangita Moirangthem, Arneet Arora

引用次数: 0

Autopsy-Based Comparative Study of Gross and Histopathological Findings at Bone Fracture Surfaces Before and After Death. 基于尸检的死亡前后骨骨折面大体和组织病理学结果比较研究

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000914

Sangita Moirangthem, Arneet Arora, Raghvendra Kumar Vidua, Garima Goel

{"title":"Autopsy-Based Comparative Study of Gross and Histopathological Findings at Bone Fracture Surfaces Before and After Death.","authors":"Sangita Moirangthem, Arneet Arora, Raghvendra Kumar Vidua, Garima Goel","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000914","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000914","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Fractures of bones are commonly encountered in traumatic injuries, and distinguishing between antemortem (AM) and postmortem (PM) bone fractures is crucial for estimating the time since injury and has important medicolegal implications. Correct differentiation enables understanding the dynamics of the injury and, in some cases, the cause of death. The present study aims to evaluate the gross morphological and histopathological characteristics of bony fracture surfaces to determine whether they occurred before or after an individual's death.Fifty-seven sets of bone samples, including both antemortem and artificially created postmortem fractures, were collected from cadavers during medicolegal autopsies, meeting the inclusion criteria. Gross morphological and histopathological features were examined after staining the bony fracture edges with hematoxylin and eosin stain. The study revealed distinct morphological characteristics at fracture surfaces for both antemortem and artificially created postmortem fractures. In addition, signs of vital reaction were observed exclusively in antemortem fracture cases.In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of meticulous morphological and histopathological examination of bony fracture surfaces to differentiate between antemortem fractures and artificially created postmortem artifacts. This differentiation holds significant value in forensic investigations and medicolegal cases.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"111-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0