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American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献

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Gender Identity in Forensic Death Investigation: A Narrative Review and Suggested Guidelines for Documenting and Reporting. 法医死亡调查中的性别认同：法医死亡调查中的性别认同：叙述性回顾及记录和报告的建议指南》（A Narrative Review and Suggested Guidelines for Documenting and Reporting）。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000946
Juniper Fedor, Alison Krywanczyk, Anthony Redgrave
{"title":"Gender Identity in Forensic Death Investigation: A Narrative Review and Suggested Guidelines for Documenting and Reporting.","authors":"Juniper Fedor, Alison Krywanczyk, Anthony Redgrave","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000946","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In the current body of forensic literature, there is little guidance available regarding death investigations of transgender, intersex, and gender diverse individuals. An increase in the prevalence of gender diverse identifying people and the frequency in which these individuals experience a premature death makes it more likely these deaths will fall under the jurisdiction of the medical examiner's office. The inability to navigate these diverse cases due to a lack of training, education, and support may leave forensic professionals without the tools needed to accurately represent these deaths.This narrative review is intended to provide the foundational knowledge needed by forensic death investigators when investigating gender identity in death, including suggested guidelines for a more effective and empathetic death investigation. A better understanding of the implications and applications of this information when included in reports will bolster the quality and quantity of the data reported and collected. This will lead to more accurate monitoring and reporting of violent, suicidal, and homicidal deaths of transgender, intersex, and other gender diverse individuals, and a higher identification rate of unidentified remains with gender diverse markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"231-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suicide by Gunshot Wound to the Posterior Head and Neck: A Retrospective Case Series and Review of the Literature. 头颈后部枪伤自杀：回顾性病例系列和文献综述。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000925
Nicholas R Bovio, Jared K Brooks, Joseph A Prahlow
{"title":"Suicide by Gunshot Wound to the Posterior Head and Neck: A Retrospective Case Series and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Nicholas R Bovio, Jared K Brooks, Joseph A Prahlow","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000925","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Suicide by firearm is a significant public health concern in specific regions of the world. Depending on firearm availability, any type of firearm may be used, including handguns, shotguns, and long rifles. Common entrance wound sites in suicidal gunshot wounds include the head, with classic gunshot wound locations including the temple, the forehead, the submental aspect of the chin, and inside the mouth. Occasionally, suicidal gunshot wounds occur in atypical body locations such as the back of the head and neck. Given their relative rarity, suicidal gunshot wounds in these regions may be mistaken for homicides. In this report, we present 5 cases of suicidal gunshot wounds to the back of the head and/or neck. In our series, we focus on differentiating each case from homicides involving gunshot wounds in similar areas of the head and neck.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"248-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140112280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Federal Ammunition: Syntech Total Synthetic Jacket. 联邦弹药：Syntech 全合成弹壳
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000953
Garrett Phillips
{"title":"Federal Ammunition: Syntech Total Synthetic Jacket.","authors":"Garrett Phillips","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000953","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000953","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"277-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Method Validation Study of Dipstick Urinalysis as a Screening Tool for Sodium Nitrite Toxicity. 将浸量尺尿液分析法作为亚硝酸钠毒性筛查工具的方法验证研究
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000940
Jessicia S Schmitt, Laura D Knight
{"title":"Method Validation Study of Dipstick Urinalysis as a Screening Tool for Sodium Nitrite Toxicity.","authors":"Jessicia S Schmitt, Laura D Knight","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000940","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The incidence of suicide by intentional nitrite ingestion has increased since 2017. Limited options exist for commercial laboratory analysis for nitrite/nitrate. This study investigates the use of urine dipsticks for screening at autopsy for potential toxicity with sodium nitrite and, less commonly, alkyl nitrite. Archived samples of blood, urine, vitreous fluid, and gastric contents from 4 sodium nitrite/nitrate cases, 3 alkyl nitrite cases, and 4 control cases were tested using dipsticks. A rapid, strong positive result for nitrite was in the vitreous fluid of all 4-sodium nitrite/nitrate cases, along with 2 positive urine and 1 positive gastric. The 2 alkyl nitrite inhalation toxicity cases had no positive results. One alkyl nitrite ingestion case had a positive urine. The 4 controls had negative urine: equivocal results in 2 vitreous, and 1 positive gastric. Urine dipsticks are a useful adjunct to laboratory testing for nitrite toxicity and provide a rapid, cost-effective tableside result that may guide the need for further testing. Vitreous fluid and urine appear to be the most reliable specimens, although testing of gastric liquid may be useful to corroborate oral ingestion. Dipsticks may not be a reliable adjunct for testing for alkyl nitrite toxicity via inhalation route, likely due to the much lower nitrite concentration compared to nitrite ingestion cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"210-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sudden Death Due to Rupture of Aneurysm of Sinus Valsalva: An Autopsy Case. 瓦尔萨尔瓦窦动脉瘤破裂导致猝死：一例尸检病例。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000918
Merve Temel Dağ, Aytül Buğra, Abdul Kerim Buğra
{"title":"Sudden Death Due to Rupture of Aneurysm of Sinus Valsalva: An Autopsy Case.","authors":"Merve Temel Dağ, Aytül Buğra, Abdul Kerim Buğra","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000918","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Aneurysm of sinus Valsalva is a defined as dilatation of the sinuses located between the aortic valve annulus and the sinotubular junction and mostly found in the right coronary sinus. It can be either congenital or acquired. This condition is usually asymptomatic unless it can cause intracardiac rupture or aortic valve insufficiency. Extracardiac rupture and associated fatal cases of cardiac tamponade are extremely rare. Our case is one of the rare cases in the literature that was diagnosed during autopsy. Our case is 65-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension suddenly fell ill after swimming in the sea. On gross examination of heart, there was an aneurysmatic enlargement of the right sinus Valsalva measuring 4.5 × 4 cm with a hemorrhagic appearance on the outer surface and a 0.3 cm rupture area. Histopathological examination revealed hemorrhage in and around the aneurysm wall.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"274-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
False-Positive Rate for Suspected Drug-Related Deaths Following Full Autopsy. 全面尸检后疑似毒品相关死亡的假阳性率。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000936
Addie Hancock, Jerri McLemore, Greg Russell
{"title":"False-Positive Rate for Suspected Drug-Related Deaths Following Full Autopsy.","authors":"Addie Hancock, Jerri McLemore, Greg Russell","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000936","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The sharp increase in drug-related deaths has tempted medical examiner/coroner offices to perform external examinations with comprehensive toxicology testing instead of performing a standard autopsy. Compounding the problem of an increasing workload has been the decrease in available forensic pathologists. Opting for external examinations on suspected drug-related fatalities, however, is antithetical to current best practices. The purpose of this study was to review case files, autopsy reports, and toxicologic results of all deaths that were autopsied at the authors' facility and decide whether significant disease processes or injuries that would supersede the results of toxicologic testing and external examination findings alone were being missed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"189-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Femicide in the United States: A Study of Connecticut Autopsy and Death Investigation Data. 美国的杀戮女性事件：康涅狄格州尸检和死亡调查数据研究》。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000920
Abigail L Alexander, James R Gill
{"title":"Femicide in the United States: A Study of Connecticut Autopsy and Death Investigation Data.","authors":"Abigail L Alexander, James R Gill","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000920","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>We examined the records of the Connecticut Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for all female homicides from 2012 to 2021 to ascertain the rate of femicide. The investigative data were subcategorized as femicides and nonfemicides. The records included autopsy, toxicology, and investigators' reports. All underwent autopsy examination. The relationship of the perpetrator, cause of death, and special circumstances were examined in conjunction with the United Nations operational criteria. If the death investigation did not identify the suspected perpetrator, news media were searched for a reported homicide or manslaughter arrest. The total number of homicides was 271, and 259 (96%) could be further categorized, of which 181 (70%) were femicides. Differences between the 2 cohorts included causes of death ( P 's < 0.001), age at death ( P < 0.001), and the involvement of murder-suicide ( P < 0.001). No differences were observed for race, and the yearly rate of femicides did not increase during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"198-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiological Imaging in Forensic Pathology: Exploring Nonlinear Bullet Trajectories. 法医病理学中的放射成像：探索非线性子弹轨迹。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000949
Joshua Wilberg, Suzanna Del Rio, Alyssa Tamburo, John C Walsh, H Theodore Harcke
{"title":"Radiological Imaging in Forensic Pathology: Exploring Nonlinear Bullet Trajectories.","authors":"Joshua Wilberg, Suzanna Del Rio, Alyssa Tamburo, John C Walsh, H Theodore Harcke","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000949","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"e97-e99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metallization and High Voltage Burn in Lightning. 雷电中的金属化和高压烧伤。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000929
Abhishek Das, Shouvanik Adhya
{"title":"Metallization and High Voltage Burn in Lightning.","authors":"Abhishek Das, Shouvanik Adhya","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000929","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000929","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"279-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Series: Hepatic and Splenic Titanium Dioxide Deposition in Association With Intravenous Drug Use. 病例系列：与静脉注射毒品有关的肝脾二氧化钛沉积。
IF 1 4区 医学
American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000931
Griffin C Phenegar, Jamie E Kallan, Robert F Corliss
{"title":"Case Series: Hepatic and Splenic Titanium Dioxide Deposition in Association With Intravenous Drug Use.","authors":"Griffin C Phenegar, Jamie E Kallan, Robert F Corliss","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000931","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Titanium dioxide is a versatile compound that is found in a variety of consumer products, medical hardware, and pharmaceuticals. Although oral and topical ingestion of this compound is common, intravenous introduction is much less common. We present three cases where significant titanium dioxide deposits were identified in liver and splenic tissue of three decedents, all of whom died of illicit drug overdose in the same geographic area and had fentanyl and its metabolites in blood on postmortem toxicologic testing. At autopsy, liver sections had a granular texture with fine white stippling grossly, and histologic examination of hepatic and splenic tissues showed scattered patches of black granular material with pink birefringence. Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy performed on these tissues revealed the presences of clusters of titanium dioxide. Immunohistochemical staining of both the liver and spleen with CD68 confirmed the titanium dioxide clusters were within macrophages. Intravenous titanium dioxide nanoparticle elimination studies in rats suggest a time sensitive period for this elimination, with a transient period of pigment deposition between 1-58 days following injection. If a time-dependent link between titanium dioxide pigment deposition within tissues and intravenous drug use can be shown, this could be a valuable tool for Pathologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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