American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献

Abrasion Collar in Railway Transection Injury: A Finding That Speaks. 铁路横断面损伤中的磨损环：一个能说明问题的发现。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001101

Jayanthi Yadav, Daryao Singh Badkur, Biswaroop Dasgupta

{"title":"Abrasion Collar in Railway Transection Injury: A Finding That Speaks.","authors":"Jayanthi Yadav, Daryao Singh Badkur, Biswaroop Dasgupta","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001101","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001101","url":null,"abstract":"Railway-related fatalities present significant challenges to forensic pathologists due to extensive injuries and complex biomechanical factors involved. This retrospective observational study was conducted on autopsy cases involving 28 railway transection injuries, focusing on injury morphology and correlation with the body's position on the tracks. Among 28 railway injury cases, 8 had death scene photographs and circumstantial findings suggesting a suicidal manner of death and allowing evaluation of body position suitable for analysis and correlation. An abrasion collar was consistently observed in a suicidal transected wound at the wound margin. Five cases involved decapitation, 1 showed thoracic transection, 1 case involved both neck and bilateral thigh transections, and 1 case had a transaction at the back. The abrasion collar was always present on the portion in contact with the wheel flange (on the inner aspect of the rail), with varying width depending on anatomic site, pressure, and contact duration. In some cases, thermal effects and pressure, such as compression, scorching, or blackening and dehydration of tissues, were also observed. The mechanism and factors affecting the formation of the abrasion collar are discussed. The abrasion collar is a significant and valuable forensic marker that provides insight into body orientation and the dynamics of railway fatalities.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145670978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal Pyogenic Meningitis Post Lumbar Laminectomy: A Rare and Lethal Neurosurgical Complication. 腰椎椎板切除术后致死性化脓性脑膜炎：一种罕见且致命的神经外科并发症。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001095

Utkal Keshari Suna, Sunita Das, Manas Ranjan Sahu

引用次数: 0

National Association of Medical Examiners Position Paper: Postmortem Assessment of Suspected Head Trauma in Infant and Young Children. 国家医学检验医师协会立场文件：婴幼儿疑似头部创伤的死后评估。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001105

James Gill, Elizabeth Bundock, Kristinza Giese, Cynthia Harris, Heather Jarrell, Michelle Jorden, Tara Mahar, Jennifer Love, Evan Matshes, Deanna Oleske, Gregory Vincent

{"title":"National Association of Medical Examiners Position Paper: Postmortem Assessment of Suspected Head Trauma in Infant and Young Children.","authors":"James Gill, Elizabeth Bundock, Kristinza Giese, Cynthia Harris, Heather Jarrell, Michelle Jorden, Tara Mahar, Jennifer Love, Evan Matshes, Deanna Oleske, Gregory Vincent","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001105","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001105","url":null,"abstract":"The National Association of Medical Examiners (NAME) convened a panel to create a position paper for the investigation of pediatric deaths due to suspected inflicted head trauma. The certification of both the cause and manner of death is dependent upon an evaluation of all available data including information derived from the investigation, scene, postmortem examination, and ancillary studies. This paper provides the forensic pathologist with a comprehensive review for the postmortem examination of infants and toddlers who have died or have apparently died of inflicted head trauma. Specifically, this paper describes (1) procedures, (2) ancillary laboratory tests, and (3) forms of documentation that may be important in the investigation of these deaths. Some of these techniques are highly specialized and are performed at the discretion of the prosector. The evaluation and documentation of such fatalities involves the production of a reviewable, objective data set to support the multitude of inquiries that may follow from the public and the criminal justice system.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gunshot Wound With Massive Intraintestinal Hemorrhage. 枪伤伴大量肠内出血。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001074

Jonathan Wassink, Thomas Holobyn, Joseph A Prahlow

引用次数: 0

The Capture and Death of John Wilkes Booth: Was the Right Man Identified? 约翰·威尔克斯·布斯的被捕和死亡：真凶是谁？

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001111

Alexandria L Soto, Justin Barr, Theodore N Pappas

{"title":"The Capture and Death of John Wilkes Booth: Was the Right Man Identified?","authors":"Alexandria L Soto, Justin Barr, Theodore N Pappas","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001111","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001111","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the official account that John Wilkes Booth was killed by Union forces on April 26, 1865, alternative theories have persisted for more than 150 years. Several political figures, eyewitnesses, and even close associates of Booth upheld that he escaped and lived for decades under an assumed identity. This paper evaluates these claims through the lens of medical evidence. Re-examination of the 1865 autopsy findings, including distinctive physical markers such as surgical scars, dental work, tattoos, and fracture patterns, demonstrates that the individual killed at Garrett's farm was indeed Booth, rather than an impostor. Discrepancies in eyewitness accounts of the laterality of injuries and physical features are more plausibly explained by well-characterized psychological phenomena. These include left-right confusion, hindsight bias, and memory distortion under conditions of extreme stress. Although DNA testing could, in theory, provide further confirmation, it is unlikely to alter entrenched beliefs. Conspiracy theorists have already disregarded the contemporaneous autopsy evidence. Ultimately, the medical record and corroborating scientific evidence support the historical conclusion that Booth died on April 26, 1865. Overall, this case illustrates how inherent limitations in human cognition can generate apparent inconsistencies, which in turn sustain alternative historical narratives despite compelling medical and forensic documentation.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"140-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147488680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Accidental Death Due to Ingestion of Isobutyl Nitrite. 一起因摄入亚硝酸盐异丁酯而导致的意外死亡

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001100

Hannah P McQueen, Chris Sullivan, Nicholas Batalis

{"title":"An Accidental Death Due to Ingestion of Isobutyl Nitrite.","authors":"Hannah P McQueen, Chris Sullivan, Nicholas Batalis","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001100","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001100","url":null,"abstract":"Isobutyl nitrite is a malodorous chemical compound that is part of the larger group of alkyl nitrites. This group of chemicals is known to have potent vasodilation effects and, as such, was historically used to treat heart conditions like angina, though these have been replaced by other medications over time. Currently, alkyl nitrites are most frequently encountered as drugs of abuse, as inhalation of the chemicals induces vasodilation, creates a \"head rush\" and feeling of euphoria, and increases pleasure. While there is some toxicity associated with inhalation, it is generally not considered to be fatal. However, if the nitrites are instead ingested orally, the effects are much more profound, causing severe methemoglobinemia and potentially death. Reports of deaths due to nitrite ingestion are relatively rare overall and frequently are suicidal in nature. We report a death due to accidental ingestion of a vial of isobutyl nitrite with the aim of educating death investigators about the toxicity of this chemical, along with the pertinent autopsy findings and toxicology workup to aid them in the event they encounter such a case.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"209-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Devastating Separation: A Case of Prosthetic Valve Embolization. 破坏性分离：人工瓣膜栓塞一例。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001103

Alexus E Meduna, Morgan R Mastrud, Selly Strauch, Susan Roe

{"title":"A Devastating Separation: A Case of Prosthetic Valve Embolization.","authors":"Alexus E Meduna, Morgan R Mastrud, Selly Strauch, Susan Roe","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001103","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001103","url":null,"abstract":"Endocarditis is a rare complication following surgical placement of prosthetic valves, especially within the first 3 months following the procedure. Endocarditis increases the incidence of valve replacement failures and occurrences of prosthetic valve dehiscence. The nature of dehiscence can be either partial or complete, with complete dehiscence less commonly outlined within the literature. We present a case of a 69-year-old man who died suddenly during treatment for endocarditis ∼2 months following aortic valve replacement. The patient had an initial aortic valve replacement and required a second surgery for the placement of a revisional valve nearly 4 years later. The patient died in the hospital 2 months following the second valve procedure from prosthetic valve endocarditis. Antemortem blood cultures grew Staphylococcus epidermidis . Autopsy findings confirmed bacterial infection of the bovine aortic valve prosthesis, valve annulus, and myocardium. Complete dehiscence of the prosthetic valve was found with embolization of the valve to the abdominal aorta. This case illustrates the presentation and autopsy findings of a case of sudden death due to embolization of a prosthetic aortic valve. Understanding the pathology and comorbidities associated with bacterial endocarditis is important in the evaluation of such cases.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges in Interpretation and Reporting of Gross, Histologic, and Genetic Autopsy Findings: The Importance of Postmortem Genetic Testing and Multidisciplinary Teams. 解释和报告大体、组织学和基因尸检结果的挑战：死后基因检测和多学科团队的重要性。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001070

Yuliya Mazo, Austin Pagani, Lydia D Hellwig, Christopher J Gordon, Anthony Vinson, Emma Schopp, Brian N Hughes, John Paul Schacht, Joel Hughes, Mauricio De Castro, Mark Haigney, John C Walsh

{"title":"Challenges in Interpretation and Reporting of Gross, Histologic, and Genetic Autopsy Findings: The Importance of Postmortem Genetic Testing and Multidisciplinary Teams.","authors":"Yuliya Mazo, Austin Pagani, Lydia D Hellwig, Christopher J Gordon, Anthony Vinson, Emma Schopp, Brian N Hughes, John Paul Schacht, Joel Hughes, Mauricio De Castro, Mark Haigney, John C Walsh","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001070","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001070","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden unexpected death in young adults poses significant challenges for both forensic and clinical medicine. The integration of genetic testing in postmortem investigations has provided valuable insights into the potential role of genetic variants in cardiac-related mortality, particularly in cases involving cardiomyopathies. Here, we report 3 cases of sudden death in active-duty military personnel where anatomic findings alone were sufficient for a cause of death determination. However, postmortem genetic testing identified 3 distinct genetic variants, thus providing complementary diagnostic information and enabling targeted genetic counseling and risk assessment for surviving family members. These cases demonstrate the importance of gross, histologic, and genetic findings in identifying underlying causes of death, guiding family counseling, and improving our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships in inherited cardiac conditions.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of First and Second Sleep Environments in Unexplained Sudden Deaths in Infants Based on Scene Reenactment Data. 基于场景再现数据的婴儿不明原因猝死的第一和第二睡眠环境分析

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001120

Kirsten Bechtel, Gregory A Vincent, Brooke Sullivan, Julie Gaither

{"title":"Analysis of First and Second Sleep Environments in Unexplained Sudden Deaths in Infants Based on Scene Reenactment Data.","authors":"Kirsten Bechtel, Gregory A Vincent, Brooke Sullivan, Julie Gaither","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001120","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001120","url":null,"abstract":"The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that a safe sleep environment consist of an infant lying supine on a separate, uncluttered, approved sleep surface. Infant awakenings may lead to moving the infant from the initial sleep environment to a second one. The Connecticut Office of the Chief Medical Examiner electronic database was searched from 2018 through 2022 for infant deaths with non-homicidal manner in which scene reenactments were performed; 87 such deaths were identified. The most common causes of death were unsafe sleep environments (64.4%) and asphyxia (21.8%). Of the total cases, 79.3% had a single sleeping environment and 20.7% involved a second. Of the second sleep environments, 77.8% were less safe than the initial sleep environment and 21.8% had evidence of airway obstruction when found unresponsive. Only 4.6% of the infants were in a recommended sleep location at any time during the last sleep. Infant awakenings do not often lead to movement to a second sleep environment, but when they do, the second environment is often less safe than the first. This study reinforces the importance that the sleep environment plays in infant deaths and that scene reenactments play in their investigation.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"113-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147286367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The "Value-Added" Death Certificate. “增值”死亡证明。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001098

James R Gill

引用次数: 0