American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献

An Autopsy Case of Pulmonary Bone Marrow Emboli With Unknown Etiology. 病因不明的肺骨髓栓塞尸检1例。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001079

Thomas Auen, Erin Linde

引用次数: 0

An Autopsy Case of Drowning With Suspected Cadaveric Spasm. 一例疑似尸体痉挛的溺水尸检。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001081

Ai Sonoda, Norihiro Shinkawa, Eiji Kakizaki, Nobuhiro Yukawa

{"title":"An Autopsy Case of Drowning With Suspected Cadaveric Spasm.","authors":"Ai Sonoda, Norihiro Shinkawa, Eiji Kakizaki, Nobuhiro Yukawa","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000001081","url":null,"abstract":"We recently investigated a death involving a drowning victim found in a slow-flowing part of a river with the right hand clutching a branch of bamboo growing along the bank. Such hand findings have traditionally been ascribed to cadaveric spasm, supposedly representing a stiffening of the muscles that occurs immediately after death. However, another persuasive opinion is that cadaveric spasm is a myth. A rational explanation for our case might thus be that the hand became flaccid immediately after death, but the bamboo branch remained close to the fingers under slow flow, and the subsequent onset of rigor mortis caused the hand to \"grasp\" the bamboo branch. However, another report of a drowning case described a blade of grass clutched in a hand despite a strong flow in an irrigation canal, which had swept the deceased 5.5 km downstream and stripped off all clothing. That case was difficult to explain without cadaveric spasm, and 2 animal studies have also shown the development of rigor mortis in a small proportion of animals immediately after death. We thus believe that cadaveric spasm deserves further consideration and should not yet be ruled out.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual Airway Compromise From Infantile Hemangioma and Laryngomalacia: Fatal Airway Obstruction Following Self-Extubation. 婴儿血管瘤和喉软化引起的双气道损害：自我拔管后致命的气道阻塞。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001076

Grace Cha, Stephen Cohle

引用次数: 0

Study of Arachnoid Granulations and Their Pits in Head Injuries. 头部损伤蛛网膜颗粒及其窝的研究。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001075

Ashesh Gunwantrao Wankhede

引用次数: 0

The Steadfast Importance of Belonging, Acceptance, and Intersectionality in Forensic Pathology and Death Investigation. 归属，接受和交叉性在法医病理学和死亡调查中的坚定重要性。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001069

Alison Krywanczyk, Juniper Fedor, Mira Basuino, Lo Tamburro, Nicole R Jackson, Jan M Gorniak

引用次数: 0

Sudden Death Caused by Bilateral Diaphragmatic Eventration in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1. 1型强直性肌营养不良患者双侧膈肌外翻致猝死。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001073

Sulin Wu, Joseph A Prahlow

{"title":"Sudden Death Caused by Bilateral Diaphragmatic Eventration in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1.","authors":"Sulin Wu, Joseph A Prahlow","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000001073","url":null,"abstract":"Myotonic dystrophy type 1, or dystrophia myotonica type 1 (DM1), is a multisystem disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. It is caused by a CTG tri-nucleotide expansion in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the dystrophia myotonia protein kinase (DMPK) gene. Core clinical features include progressive skeletal muscle weakness, myotonia, and systemic complications, with premature mortality most often due to respiratory or cardiac dysfunction. We report the case of sudden death in a 48-year-old woman with a prior clinical diagnosis of DM1, who had not undergone adequate neuromuscular evaluation or surveillance. Postmortem examination revealed severe bilateral diaphragmatic eventration and restrictive lung pathology, consistent with severe respiratory compromise. The diagnosis of DM1 was confirmed at autopsy through gross and histologic findings, supported by molecular testing during the medicolegal autopsy. This case highlights the underappreciated risk of fatal respiratory failure in DM1, particularly in patients lacking longitudinal cardiopulmonary monitoring. The case also represents an example of a rarely reported autopsy finding in adults dying from DM1-bilateral diaphragmatic eventration.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predation by a Herd of Domestic Pigs: A Case Report. 一群家猪的捕食：一例报告。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001072

Isaac Han, Nathan Milne, Kirsty Gleeson, Nicole Townsend, Rachel Allavena, Beng Beng Ong

引用次数: 0

Forensic Entomology in Criminal Investigations: Advances in Insect-Mediated Postmortem Interval Estimation, Species Identification, and Environmental Influences. 刑事调查中的法医昆虫学：昆虫介导的死后间隔估计、物种鉴定和环境影响的进展。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001067

Ebrahim Abbasi

{"title":"Forensic Entomology in Criminal Investigations: Advances in Insect-Mediated Postmortem Interval Estimation, Species Identification, and Environmental Influences.","authors":"Ebrahim Abbasi","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000001067","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic entomology is a crucial discipline in forensic investigations, primarily used for postmortem interval (PMI) estimation, species identification, and crime scene reconstruction. Recent advancements in molecular techniques, computational models, and climate-adaptive forensic entomology have enhanced the field's forensic applications. However, challenges related to methodological standardization, environmental variability, and legal admissibility persist. This comprehensive review examines recent developments in forensic entomology, focusing on molecular methodologies, AI-assisted species identification, and environmental influences on forensic insect succession. Literature was sourced from Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, emphasizing peer-reviewed studies published in the last 2 decades. Key themes include PMI estimation advancements, forensic insect ecology, and legal challenges in forensic entomology. Findings highlight improved accuracy in PMI estimation through genetic and computational approaches, the expansion of forensic molecular entomology applications, and the impact of climate change on forensic insect activity. While AI and molecular forensics have revolutionized species identification, standardization and legal frameworks remain insufficient. The study underscores the need for globally harmonized forensic entomology protocols, forensic training programs, and ethical guidelines. Future research should integrate metagenomics, forensic AI, and climate-adaptive forensic models to enhance forensic accuracy and reliability.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fatal Asphyxia in the Head-down Position: An Uncommon Case of Accidental Work-related Death. 头朝下致死性窒息：一个罕见的工伤死亡案例。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001068

Francesco D'Elia, Ugo Da Broi, Francesco Simonit, Alessio Cappelli, Sirio Cividino, Mauro Zaninelli, Rexson Tse, Jack Garland, Benjamin Ondruschka, Lorenzo Desinan

{"title":"Fatal Asphyxia in the Head-down Position: An Uncommon Case of Accidental Work-related Death.","authors":"Francesco D'Elia, Ugo Da Broi, Francesco Simonit, Alessio Cappelli, Sirio Cividino, Mauro Zaninelli, Rexson Tse, Jack Garland, Benjamin Ondruschka, Lorenzo Desinan","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000001068","url":null,"abstract":"Positional asphyxia is a rare but potentially fatal condition where an individual's body assumes a position interfering with normal respiratory movements and leading to asphyxiation. We report a case of an 83-year-old farmer trapped in the tank of a vineyard spray atomizer while attempting maintenance and stuck in the opening of the tank with his upper body inside and legs outside. He was unable to extricate himself, and rescuers, who arrived 2 hours later, found the victim dead. The forensic autopsy showed patterned external injuries corresponding to the edge of the opening of the tank, internal signs of asphyxia such as pulmonary congestion and pleural petechiae, in the absence of major traumatic injuries. The cause of death was confirmed as positional asphyxia due to the head-down position and abdominal compression, which impaired breathing. The victim disregarded safety protocols, which prohibit entry into the loading tank of the sprayer, which is classified as a confined space by manufacturers. This incident highlights the importance of adhering to safety guidelines in all working routines, using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and following proper maintenance procedures and adequate safety practices. Enhanced safety measures and safer equipment design are crucial to prevent similar occurrences.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hidden Trauma: An Analysis of the Identification of Contusions on Different Skin Tones. 隐性创伤：不同肤色挫伤的识别分析。

IF 0.8 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001014

Lydia R Du, David M Waters, Meredith A Reynolds, Lorenzo Gitto

{"title":"Hidden Trauma: An Analysis of the Identification of Contusions on Different Skin Tones.","authors":"Lydia R Du, David M Waters, Meredith A Reynolds, Lorenzo Gitto","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001014","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: While abrasions and lacerations are typically easily identified, darker pigmentation of the skin may obscure contusions. Forensic pathology literature shows a disproportionate number of illustrations of contusions on lighter skin tones compared to darker ones. Skin and soft tissue dissection is the most reliable method to confirm contusions.The authors seek to establish a correlation between skin tone and the visual identification of contusions, confirmed by soft tissue dissection. Additionally, they aim to determine the utility of specialized dissections for identifying contusions on different skin tones to identify cases that may benefit from such procedures.A review of cases from the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office from 2014 to 2024 was conducted. The office database was searched for deaths in custody, causes including \"assault,\" and \"child abuse.\" Autopsy photos were compiled into predissection and postdissection sets, reviewed for skin tone, visual identification of contusions, and final confirmation of soft tissue hemorrhage.Results found a negative association between skin color and accurate visual identification of contusions and determined that decedents with a skin tone of 7 or higher on the Massey-Martin scale may benefit from specialized dissections.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"192-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0