American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology最新文献_第2页

Postmortem Imaging of a Novel Case Involving Fatal Mechanical and Thermal Occupational Injury. 一个涉及致命机械和热职业伤害的新病例的死后成像。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000995

Syeda Hania Qamar, Zachary Ziv, Maliha Khara

引用次数: 0

A Chain of Events Leading to Posttraumatic Subacute Meningitis. 一系列事件导致创伤后亚急性脑膜炎。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000975

Monica Harumi Miyakawa-Liu, Michelle A Jorden, Nika Aljinovic

{"title":"A Chain of Events Leading to Posttraumatic Subacute Meningitis.","authors":"Monica Harumi Miyakawa-Liu, Michelle A Jorden, Nika Aljinovic","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000975","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000975","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: There are few reports that discuss the nebulous entity known as posttraumatic subacute meningitis. Herein, we describe a case where a male was found deceased with Streptococcus pyogenes meningitis 7 days after experiencing head trauma inflicted with a tow chain. Computed tomography scan prior to death revealed a scalp laceration with subcutaneous gas and a subdural hematoma. On autopsy, the lacerations had exposed the cranial bone, but no fracture was identified. Purulence and a pinpoint defect were observed on the dura. Histologic sections of the dura and brain showed a chronic inflammatory infiltrate, ventriculitis, and vascular involvement by bacteria. Toxicology studies were positive for methamphetamine, fentanyl, and oxycodone. Post-mortem cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures grew S. pyogenes, complementing the gram-staining of the bacteria seen in the brain sections.While the overlying parietal bone in the area of purulence was notably thinned, a direct route of infection from the soft tissue laceration to the meninges was not grossly identified. The middle ear mastoid cells did not display purulence, and the antemortem computed tomography scan did not provide any support for an otorhinolaryngeal source for the Streptococcus meningitis. To our knowledge, this is the first published report linking head trauma to S. pyogenes meningitis.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"164-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Survey of Forensic Pathologists Regarding Medicolegal Investigation of Perinatal and Stillborn Deaths. 围产期和死胎死亡法医病理学调查。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000998

Alison Krywanczyk, Nicole R Jackson, Katherine Maloney, James R Gill

{"title":"A Survey of Forensic Pathologists Regarding Medicolegal Investigation of Perinatal and Stillborn Deaths.","authors":"Alison Krywanczyk, Nicole R Jackson, Katherine Maloney, James R Gill","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/PAF.0000000000000998","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Stillborn and perinatal deaths may be referred to medical examiners and coroners for investigation and determination of cause and/or manner of death. One of the key questions is determining a live birth from a stillbirth. We surveyed 147 forensic pathologists to assess their investigative practices for these deaths and for their ability to diagnose a live birth and a stillbirth. The results of this survey demonstrate the wide variability of investigative practices and policies between offices within the United States. Clinical history, maceration of the fetus, and food in the stomach were the only 3 factors considered by a majority of forensic pathologists to reliably distinguish liveborn from stillborn infants. High-quality research and expert guidance from national organizations are needed to ensure standardized adoption of evidence-based practices. The investigation and certification of these deaths is complex, yet the determination of stillborn or liveborn and cause and manner of death can have significant legal implications for the mother.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":"46 2","pages":"122-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Estimation From the Paranasal Sinus Volumes Using Semiautomatic Segmentation, Discriminant Analyses, and Machine Learning Algorithms. 使用半自动分割、判别分析和机器学习算法从副鼻窦体积中估计性别。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001032

Yavuz Hekimoglu, Hadi Sasani, Yasin Etli, Siddik Keskin, Burak Tastekin, Mahmut Asirdizer

引用次数: 0

Fatal Moans and Bones in Crohn's: A Case of Heterotopic Mesenteric Ossification. 克罗恩病中致命的呻吟和骨骼：一个异位肠系膜骨化病例

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000983

Joyce Opara, Heather Jarrell, Nicole R Jackson

{"title":"Fatal Moans and Bones in Crohn's: A Case of Heterotopic Mesenteric Ossification.","authors":"Joyce Opara, Heather Jarrell, Nicole R Jackson","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000983","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000000983","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Heterotopic mesenteric ossification (HMO) represents a rare reactive condition characterized by abnormal bone formation within the mesentery. HMO's etiology remains enigmatic, with proposed triggers including trauma-induced metaplasia or bone fragment dislodgment from other sites during abdominal surgery. With fewer than 100 documented cases in the literature, much about this condition remains unknown. In this report, we present a notable case of HMO in a 43-year-old man with a history of severe Crohn's disease and multiple abdominal surgeries. Following a period of unresponsiveness at home, he was admitted to the intensive care unit, where he received palliative care due to a poor prognosis. An autopsy revealed mature, benign bone fragments within the mesentery, alongside severe dehydration, likely exacerbated by decreased oral intake and medication cessation related to his ostomy. Although antemortem imaging revealed HMO, it was misattributed to contrast versus calcification. This case underscores the importance of clinician awareness regarding HMO, particularly its potential implications in inflammatory bowel disease. Early recognition and interdisciplinary collaboration among radiologists, pathologists, and clinicians are paramount in optimizing patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to elucidate this intriguing pathology's pathogenesis and best management strategies.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"151-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unusual Causes of Death Due to Constipation. 便秘引起的不寻常死亡原因。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001005

Roger W Byard, Marianne Tiemensma

{"title":"Unusual Causes of Death Due to Constipation.","authors":"Roger W Byard, Marianne Tiemensma","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001005","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Constipation is found in individuals with intellectual disabilities, autism, and cerebral palsy. Although generally a benign condition, it may lead to life-threatening intestinal obstruction, with or without volvulus, or to stercoral ulceration with enteritis and/or perforation. Two unusual cases of lethal chronic constipation are reported to demonstrate other very rare fatal mechanisms that may occur. Case 1: A 17-year-old male with cerebral palsy and autism was found deceased in bed. Death was due to pulmonary thromboembolism arising from compression of pelvic veins by acquired megacolon due to constipation (fecal mass 4.6 kg). Case 2: A second 17-year-old male with intellectual disability, global developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, seizures, and hypotonia collapsed and died during a medical evacuation from a remote community. Death was due to abdominal compartment syndrome in the context of medical air transport (medical retrieval), chronic constipation with acquired megacolon and megarectum (fecal mass 6.5 kg), global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and a suspected underlying genetic syndrome. These cases demonstrate that individuals with constipation may present for medicolegal assessment following sudden collapse/death and that pulmonary thromboembolism and abdominal compartment syndrome should be considered as rare possibilities in the evaluation of vulnerable individuals.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"156-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Tip 5.56 × 45-mm (NATO M855) Ammunition: Structural Composition, Radiological Features, and Autopsy Findings. 5.56 × 45毫米（北约M855）弹药：结构组成、放射学特征和尸检结果。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001006

Wijesinghe Arachchilage Chamila Lakmali, Lorenzo Gitto

引用次数: 0

Fatal Tension Gastrothorax: Two Case Reports. 致死性紧张性胃胸2例报告。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001003

Michael Andrew Johnstone, Sam Hoggard, Joanna Dixon

引用次数: 0

Diagnosing the Legal Age of 12 Using Second (I 2M ) and Third (I 3M ) Molar Maturation Indices in Brazil. 用第二、第三磨牙成熟度指数诊断巴西法定年龄12岁。

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001024

Johnys Berton Medeiros da Nóbrega, Tainá Nascimento Falcão, Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro, Ademir Franco do Rosário Júnior, Roberto Cameriere, Bianca Marques Santiago

{"title":"Diagnosing the Legal Age of 12 Using Second (I 2M ) and Third (I 3M ) Molar Maturation Indices in Brazil.","authors":"Johnys Berton Medeiros da Nóbrega, Tainá Nascimento Falcão, Isabella Lima Arrais Ribeiro, Ademir Franco do Rosário Júnior, Roberto Cameriere, Bianca Marques Santiago","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001024","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Children and adolescents receive varying levels of support and punishment when experiencing situations that classify them as defendants or victims. Age information is crucial for defining these cases. The objective was to apply the second (I 2M ) and third (I 3M ) molar maturity indices to diagnose the age of 12, and find out the cutoff points capable of generating better predictions among Brazilians. This observational cross-sectional study analyzed panoramic radiographs from the five geographic regions of Brazil. The radiographs were of individuals between 10 and 15 years old, taken between 2013 and 2019. The sample consisted of 125 images of each sex (n = 250), 50 from each geographic region, obtained for the purpose of clinical and/or orthodontic diagnosis and having the mandibular left second and third molars. Data collection followed the I 3M methodology based on the measurements made on the second (I 2M ) and third (I 3M ) molars, using ImageJ ® . The cutoff points found for the I 2M , I 3M , and I 2M × I 3M were 0.554 (AUC, 88.5%; 95% CI, 84.00-93.00), 0.519 (AUC, 77.8%; 95% CI, 76.14-79.46), and 0.699 (AUC, 88.4%; 95% CI, 84.48-92.32), respectively. The cutoffs by I 2M , I 3M , and I 2M × I 3M are sufficiently accurate for practical application and diagnosis of the age of 12 among individuals aged 10 to 15 in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"134-138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropathological Findings in the Brains of Deceased COVID-19 Patients. 已故COVID-19患者的大脑发现

IF 1 4区医学

American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000001010

Armaan Shergill, Bennet Omalu, Peter Conner, Machelle Wilson

{"title":"Neuropathological Findings in the Brains of Deceased COVID-19 Patients.","authors":"Armaan Shergill, Bennet Omalu, Peter Conner, Machelle Wilson","doi":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001010","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PAF.0000000000001010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: As COVID-19 continues to infect millions of people globally, it is essential to understand how SARS-CoV-2 affects the brain. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are any associations or patterns of gross and microscopic neuropathological autopsy findings in the brains of patients who died from COVID-19. We analyzed 32 autopsy cases that met 3 requirements: (1) positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) SARS-CoV-2 test at autopsy; (2) pulmonary histological features of SARS-CoV-2; (3) complete autopsies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2023. We accounted for the presence of the following gross and microscopic neuropathological findings: cerebral edema (CE), cerebral cortical atrophy (CCA), chronic cerebrovascular disease (CCD), cerebral ischemic injury (CII), cerebral inflammation (CIN), and/or cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage (CPH) in every case. We found that CE, CCA, and CII diagnoses had a statistically significant association with age. There were no distinctive or recurrent neuropathological alterations in the autopsied brains that may be interpreted to be pathognomonic of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our cohort. These findings may suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection is not associated with any distinct histomorphologic abnormalities that are diagnostic of COVID-19 in the brains of autopsied patients.","PeriodicalId":55535,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"118-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12129390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0