Applied Vegetation Science最新文献

{"title":"Dynamics of Post-Fire Succession in Black-Water Floodplain Forests of Central Amazonia: Insights From a 36-Year Chronosequence","authors":"Gildo V. Feitoza,&nbsp;Adriano C. Quaresma,&nbsp;Layon O. Demarchi,&nbsp;Tayane C. Carvalho,&nbsp;Viviane P. Klein,&nbsp;Gisele Biem Mori,&nbsp;Maria Teresa F. Piedade,&nbsp;Jochen Schöngart","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the dynamics of species composition and ecosystem recovery after fire disturbance is essential for effective conservation and management strategies in the Amazon biome. This study aimed to elucidate the post-fire succession of black-water floodplain forests (termed “<i>igapó</i>” in Brazil) during a 36-year chronosequence, analyzing changes in density, diversity, composition, and aboveground wood biomass (AGWB) of tree species. Furthermore, we also discuss the implications of forest fires on the resilience of <i>igapó</i> forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black-water floodplain forests of the Jaú National Park and adjacent regions, Central Amazonia, Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Floristic inventories of tree species with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were compiled in 47 plots (625 m²; total area of 2.94 ha) considering a chronosequence which integrated successional stages of nine distinct fire occurrences associated with El Niño episodes during the period 1982–2017. AGWB estimates were derived from measurements of diameter, wood density, and tree height, applying a pantropical allometric model. Changes in density, diversity, species composition, and AGWB were analyzed based on the occurrence of fires, and physicochemical soil characteristics (0–20 cm depth), obtained from each plot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 3880 individuals comprising 77 tree species from 29 botanical families were recorded. The dominant families were Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Malpighiaceae, Phyllanthaceae, and Lecythidaceae. Time since fire occurrence explained much of the gradual increase in species richness, diversity, density, AGWB stocks, and changes in floristic composition, while soil conditions played a minor role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black-water floodplain forests need long periods to recover after a single fire disturbance. Even after 36 years, regenerating forests exhibit lower species diversity and AGWB stocks than late-successional stages (&gt; 100 years) of <i>igapó</i> forests. This reinforces the need to enhance conservation efforts to prevent fires in this vulnerable ecosystem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Panels and Management on Plant Community Composition in Southern French Solar Parks","authors":"Louison Bienvenu,&nbsp;Arnaud Lec'hvien,&nbsp;Raphaël Gros,&nbsp;Elise Kebaili,&nbsp;Bertrand Schatz,&nbsp;Armin Bischoff,&nbsp;Francis Isselin-Nondedeu","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ongoing increase of solar parks creates and transforms open ecosystems. Solar park ecosystems combine artificial and semi-natural microhabitats depending on the influence of solar panels. We distinguished microhabitats outside panels (unshaded), inter-rows between panels (partial shading) and microhabitats under panels (constantly shaded). Furthermore, solar parks need to be managed by grazing or mowing to avoid the overgrowth of solar panels. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of management and microhabitat on plant community composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southwestern (<i>Landes de Gascogne</i>) and southeastern France (<i>Provence Alpes Côte d'Azur</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed the vegetation of 20 solar parks, with half of the parks being grazed and the other half being mown. We used a randomized block design with one 4 m² plot in each microhabitat replicated in four blocks per park. We identified all vascular plant species and visually estimated their cover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The microhabitat effect was significant for species richness, plant cover, and species composition. The plant species richness was on average 34% lower under than outside panels. The dissimilarity between under and outside panel plant species composition was explained by at least 17% of the species. The effect of management was smaller, being only significant for plant species composition but not for richness, cover, or evenness. The management–microhabitat interaction was significant only for plant cover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The strong effect of solar panels on plant communities advocates for differential conservation strategies adjusted for microhabitat.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144853681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traits Associated With Local Extinctions of Native Plants in a Species-Rich Urban Reserve","authors":"Thomas Mesaglio,&nbsp;Hervé Sauquet,&nbsp;William K. Cornwell","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the drivers of local extinctions is important for forecasting potential biodiversity losses at larger scales. Many local extinctions are concentrated in urban areas because of stressors such as habitat loss driven by land clearing and urban expansion, and the spread and increase in abundance of invasive species. We aimed to quantify the number of native plant species that have potentially gone locally extinct in a 20-ha conservation-significant urban reserve, assess which traits were more strongly associated with local extinctions and explore the factors driving these local extinctions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wategora Reserve, Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an intensive, comprehensive botanical survey of Wategora Reserve across more than 300 h from 2020 to 2023. We compared our species list with a historical list spanning surveys from 1976 to 1992 and compared which native vascular plant species had persisted and which were not redetected, that is, possible local extinctions. We scored all species for seven plant traits and used Pearson's chi-squared tests to compare traits across persistent and extinct species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-six of the 300 (29%) native vascular plant species originally recorded in Wategora Reserve from 1976 to 1992 could not be redetected from 2020 to 2023. Compared with persistent native species, native species that went extinct were shorter on average, more likely to have a graminoid growth habit and more likely to be associated with water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These patterns were likely driven by synergistic stressors including urban stream syndrome and the proliferation of a few highly invasive non-native grass species, which are drivers common to many urban areas globally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Fluctuating Flaiuws Affect Riparian Plant Species Distributions From Local to Regional Scales","authors":"Bradley J. Butterfield,&nbsp;Emily C. Palmquist","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of hydropower dams has grown globally over recent decades, with significant impacts on downstream riparian plant communities. Many of these dams generate daily fluctuating flows known as hydropeaking to meet sub-daily variation in energy demands. Hydropeaking can significantly impact riparian plant communities, with obligate riparian species tending to experience the greatest negative effects on habitat suitability. Whether this pattern holds in arid biomes where daily soil moisture enhancements could benefit some plants is an open question.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorado River, Grand Canyon, Western USA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used occurrence records to model species responses to variation in daily flow fluctuations across 32 689 river segments in the Western United States. We then applied estimates of hydropeaking responses derived from those models to understanding the abundance and fine scale hydrologic niches of riparian plant species in the Colorado River ecosystem downstream of Glen Canyon Dam, which has experienced vegetation expansion attributed to river regulation, including hydropeaking that began in 1964.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the regional scale, species with greater wetland dependence exhibited increasingly negative responses to hydropeaking across 1 496 species, consistent with previous studies at smaller scales. At the local scale of the Colorado River, we found that species inhabiting near-channel habitat characterized by daily inundation and exposure had positive modeled responses to hydropeaking, consistent with a long history of selection for species tolerant of hydropeaking. In contrast, species inhabiting the zone immediately above peak daily river stage had negative modeled responses to hydropeaking, suggesting that they are being excluded from otherwise suitable habitat nearer the channel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results demonstrate that hydropeaking can impact species distributions from local to regional scales by excluding obligate wetland species and reducing habitat suitability for some facultative wetland species. These results from an arid river system are consistent with those reported from other biomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sentinel-2-Based Spectral Variability for Enhancing Grassland Diversity Assessments Across Germany","authors":"Antonia Ludwig,&nbsp;Hannes Feilhauer,&nbsp;Daniel Doktor","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Can remote sensing data support the assessment of High Nature Value (HNV) conservation categories in the German HNV monitoring scheme? Specifically, does spectral pixel-to-pixel variability improve classification accuracy of HNV categories based on Sentinel-2 data?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used multispectral Sentinel-2 imagery (10 m resolution) from 5 years (2017–2021) to classify HNV categories. Random Forest models were trained using different predictor combinations, including spectral data, phenology, and geographical location. We applied various cross-validation strategies to assess classification accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Classification accuracy was generally low (≈44%) when using target-oriented cross-validation, suggesting limited agreement between predictions and actual HNV categories. Spectral variability alone did not clearly correspond to HNV diversity categories. Instead, geographic location and management emerged as the most important predictors for classification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the challenges of linking ecological field data with remote sensing information for biodiversity assessments. Improved integration of ecological and remote sensing data is necessary to enhance the effectiveness of biodiversity monitoring schemes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road Disturbance Shapes the Functional Composition of Native Plant Species but Not That of Non-Natives in the Arid Andes","authors":"María Alisa Alvarez,&nbsp;Lohengrin A. Cavieres,&nbsp;Valeria Aschero,&nbsp;Lorena de Jesús Bonjour,&nbsp;Agustina Barros","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species assemblages in mountains are affected by variation in environmental conditions linked to elevation and anthropogenic disturbance. How species respond to these factors may vary based on the species origin. We examined the functional response of non-native and native assemblages and the relative contribution of intraspecific variation to road disturbance and elevation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cordón del Plata Provincial Park, Andes, Argentina.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used the functional ecology approach. We calculated community-weighted means (CWM) and functional divergence of leaf area, SLA, LDMC, and plant height of natives and non-natives in transects along elevation, at roadsides and 52 m away from the road. We used linear models to assess changes with elevation and disturbance and estimated the contribution of intraspecific variability using variance partitioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-natives showed more acquisitive traits than natives. Non-natives responded only to elevation by lower stature and LDMC and higher SLA. For native species, road proximity was related to more acquisitive foliar traits, while community leaf area, SLA, and plant height varied with elevation. Species turnover explained most of the variability observed in the CWMs in both species' origin. The contribution of intraspecific variability was greater in non-native species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human disturbance affects the functional composition of native species. In contrast, the community traits of non-natives did not differ between road edges and the interior plots, suggesting that they are not affected by disturbance. Therefore, it is critical to reduce propagule pressure because of the potential of roadside species to invade undisturbed sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardised Drone Procedures for Phytosociological Data Collection","authors":"Giacomo Quattrini,&nbsp;Simone Pesaresi,&nbsp;Lara Lucchetti,&nbsp;Nicole Hofmann,&nbsp;Felipe Saiter,&nbsp;Adriano Mancini,&nbsp;Simona Casavecchia","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phytosociological maps are crucial for biodiversity conservation. Supervised mapping with machine learning demands high-quality reference data that field surveys alone cannot provide. This study evaluates drone-based procedures for phytosociological data collection, comparing them with field surveys. The research questions are as follows: Are species abundance data collected via drone surveys consistent with those obtained through traditional field phytosociological methods? Can plots be correctly assigned to known plant communities using drone data?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marche, Central Italy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drone surveys were conducted over forest and grassland plots using tailored imaging protocols. Forest plots were captured at 14 m with 11 high-zoom images per plot, while grasslands were surveyed at 5 m with seven images per plot. The images were analysed to identify plant species and estimate their abundances, generating plot × species matrices. Multivariate analyses, including PCA, Mantel tests and supervised k-means classification, were used to compare drone data with those obtained from the field traditional method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PCA and Mantel test results (<i>r</i> = 0.782, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) demonstrated a strong relationship between species abundance data collected by drone and traditional field methods in both forest and grassland. The supervised classification achieved an overall accuracy exceeding 90% in assigning drone-surveyed plots to predefined plant associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study introduces the proposal of standardised drone procedures to assist botanists in collecting phytosociological data in sub-Mediterranean grasslands and forests. They can effectively complement and enhance the traditional Braun-Blanquet method, broadening its scope and efficiently performing tasks such as vegetation unit assignment and creating reference data useful for the continuous production of supervised phytosociological maps of vegetation and habitats, which are essential for environmental monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochory, a Key Ecological Function of a Tropical Dry Forest River Threatened by a Dam and Open-Pit Coal Mining in Colombia","authors":"Daniela Rátiva Gaona,&nbsp;Elisabet V. Wehncke,&nbsp;Nestor A. Mariano,&nbsp;Marcela Osorio Beristain","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Freshwater ecosystems have complex spatial and temporal connections that support multiple processes essential for life. Since two of the most critical impacts on riparian ecosystems are the regulation of river flows and water pollution, we aimed to investigate whether a dam and mining activities on the Ranchería River affect hydrochory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tropical dry forest of La Guajira, Colombia; a region in need of water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated hydrochory and compared seed richness, abundance, and composition with the unaltered Cesar River over two seasons. We sampled both upstream and downstream of the dam and the mining site. At these same sites, we quantified levels of turbidity and 15 chemical compounds that affect water quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was significant spatial heterogeneity of the seed communities sampled along both rivers, with particularly distinct communities collected downstream from the open pit mine. We also found a significant effect of the dam on seed composition and abundance in the Ranchería River. Seed assemblages, but not seed numbers, differed between seasons and rivers. We also found significantly higher levels of chemical compounds and turbidity downstream of the mine compared to upstream.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a significant effect of the dam and the open pit mine on the Ranchería River in Colombia. The alteration of natural flows, environmental conditions, and water quality affects hydrochory, a key ecological function of the river. Urgent measures are imperative to address these challenges effectively and ensure the long-term sustainability of the ecosystem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Nurse Trees in the Plant Community of Park Grassland: A Case Study in Southern Brazil","authors":"Guilherme Diego Fockink,&nbsp;Betina Camargo,&nbsp;Djoney Procknow,&nbsp;Emily Talita Pereira de Aguiar,&nbsp;Pedro Joel Silva da Silva Filho,&nbsp;Ricardo Bergamo Schenato,&nbsp;Ana Paula Moreira Rovedder","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the mechanisms that act in the assembly of the grassy-woody plant community in park grassland is important to define conservation, management, and restoration strategies. We investigated the facilitation of three nurse tree species typical of park grassland (<i>Prosopis affinis</i>, <i>Prosopis nigra,</i> and <i>Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco</i>) on the composition and structure of the plant community and the mechanisms through which these species facilitate the establishment of other species under their canopies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Park grasslands of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We carried out a paired vegetation survey in 30 circular plots (under trees and in open areas) in park grassland isolated from grazing, located in the Espinilho State Park, Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. We evaluated attributes related to the composition and structure, dimensions of each tree, and environmental variables, aiming to understand the mechanisms of plant community assembly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nurse trees play an important role in the assembly of the plant community, promoting changes in abiotic (provide shade, increased litter, decreased exposed soil) and biotic (decreased herbaceous abundance) conditions. Consequently, they provide microhabitat for herbaceous and woody plants. These tree species are decisive in the assembly of the plant community in park grassland, and their conservation is fundamental for the maintenance of associated species. However, they can act as nuclei for woody plants typical of forests and possibly contribute to forest expansion in the long term.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the nursing role they play, these tree species demonstrate potential for application in ecological restoration, as well as promoting the conservation of local biodiversity in park grasslands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avsc.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Deposition Increases Spontaneous Forest Establishment and Loss of Lichen Vegetation in Inland Dune Areas Across the Netherlands","authors":"Laurens B. Sparrius,&nbsp;Michaël J. Duijsens,&nbsp;Daniël Kollen,&nbsp;Michel J. P. M. Riksen,&nbsp;Arco J. van Strien","doi":"10.1111/avsc.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Questions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) How much of the inland dune habitat has been transformed into spontaneous forest across the Netherlands between 2007 and 2018? (2) Is there a spatial correlation between nitrogen deposition and changes in vegetation? (3) What changes could be observed in the cover of lichen vegetation and the invasive bryophyte <i>Campylopus introflexus</i> within this period? (4) What measures can be taken to counteract the effect of spontaneous forest establishment?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inland dune sites across the Netherlands are primarily located in the eastern part of the country.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comparative analysis of vegetation maps made in 2007 and 2018. Lichen species trends were estimated based on a study with 75 permanent plots over the period 1999–2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study shows that, with increasing N deposition, the spontaneous forest establishment rate doubles. The Netherlands loses 118 ha (0.7%) of inland dune vegetation to spontaneous forest establishment annually, which is largely compensated by nature restoration measures. Increasing nitrogen deposition causes a stronger dominance of <i>Campylopus introflexus</i>. This resulted in a 40% decrease in the abundance of terrestrial lichen species, and consequently in a decrease in overall habitat quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>N deposition has a positive effect on spontaneous forest establishment in inland dune areas across the Netherlands. In total, site management would have to fell a minimum of 118 ha of Scots pine annually as a restoration measure to combat the spontaneous establishment rate and maintain the current open area inland dune habitat. Habitat quality was negatively affected and visible as a strong decline in lichen abundance and an increase in the invasive moss <i>Campylopus introflexus</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55494,"journal":{"name":"Applied Vegetation Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144100743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}