Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"The Former Pelagic Longline Fishery of a Large-Scale Marine Protected Area","authors":"Chris Kerry,&nbsp;Kristian Metcalfe,&nbsp;Judith Brown,&nbsp;Andrew J. Richardson,&nbsp;Vladimir Laptikvoksky,&nbsp;Stuart Reeves,&nbsp;Nicola Weber,&nbsp;Sam B. Weber","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The establishment of large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs) has emerged as one of the defining trends in ocean conservation over recent decades. To assess the potential benefits of such designations, it is necessary to understand the nature of the threats that have been excluded. Here, we summarise over 25 years of historical catch and effort data for a pelagic longline fishery that formerly operated within the recently designated LSMPA surrounding Ascension Island (UK), using data compiled from logbooks and observer programmes. Licenced fishing by foreign vessels (primarily flagged to Taiwan and Japan) operated intermittently in the Ascension Island exclusive economic zone (EEZ) between 1988 and 2016, with catch peaking at over 5000 t year⁻¹ in the early 1990s. Bigeye tuna (<i>Thunnus obesus</i>) was the dominant species targeted (76% of total catch weight) whilst oceanic sharks (e.g. blue shark <i>Prionace glauca</i>) and other predatory pelagic finfish (e.g. longnose lancetfish <i>Alepisaurus ferox</i>) appear to have presented a sizable bycatch risk, accounting for 37% of total individuals caught in local observer data. The fishery displayed strong seasonality, with two thirds of activity occurring between December and March and was consistently concentrated in the northwest of the EEZ. This distribution closely aligns with recent satellite-derived vessel tracking data which suggests that a regional longline fishing hotspot remains in the high seas area adjacent to the northwest of the Ascension Island MPA. Our results suggest that predatory pelagic fish and sharks will be the most direct beneficiaries of the Ascension Island MPA, although the high mobility of these species may lessen any conservation impacts, given intense the fishing effort in adjacent high seas areas. While illegal fishing remains a potential threat, the spatiotemporal predictability of the historic fishery may be useful in identifying areas of elevated risk for targeted enforcement in this large, remote MPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Population Dynamics of Dusky Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus) in Golfo Nuevo, Patagonia, Through Long-Term Monitoring","authors":"B. M. Coronel-Montigel,&nbsp;R. Loizaga,&nbsp;M. Degrati","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Estimates of apparent survival and abundance are crucial for understanding the population dynamics of sentinel species. To achieve this, it is necessary to establish a baseline of these parameters for effective management planning in areas strongly impacted. This is the case of the dusky dolphin (<i>Lagenorhynchus obscurus</i>), a species inhabiting the Argentine coasts. In Golfo Nuevo, information on the demographic parameters of this species, which coexists with tourism activities, remains insufficient. In this study, the abundance of dusky dolphins in Golfo Nuevo, Patagonia, Argentina, was estimated through long-term monitoring using the mark-recapture model for open populations (POPAN model). Moreover, the apparent survival rate of this species was estimated for the first time through live recaptures using the Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) model. Photo-identification surveys were conducted from 2004 to 2022, and models were built using the MARK program, selecting the best models based on the lowest AIC. Our results suggest that in Golfo Nuevo, the apparent survival rate is high, around 0.95 ± 0.01, whereas the local abundance reached 2862.81 individuals throughout the entire sampling period. The number of individuals showed an increase with an average annual change rate of 4.65%. These findings represent a baseline estimate of abundance, apparent survival and population trend for dusky dolphins. However, future studies should prioritize estimates of site fidelity and emigration to achieve accurate estimations of true survival rates for the species. Our results contribute to the understanding of dusky dolphin population dynamics and can be considered in management and conservation projects at the local level.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Protuberant Lithophyllum sp. From Southern Spain Increases Structural Complexity in Urchin Barrens","authors":"Dino Angelo E. Ramos,&nbsp;Jesús Del Río,&nbsp;Julio Peñas,&nbsp;Juan C. Braga","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urchin barrens (‘blanquizales’) are habitats dominated by encrusting non-geniculate coralline algae and maintained by urchin grazing. Taxonomic information of coralline communities in Mediterranean blanquizales is limited. Lumpy to fruticose coralline algal specimens, unusual in blanquizales, were found along the southern Spanish coast. Sequences from these specimens resolved with foliose samples morpho-anatomically identified as <i>Lithophyllum dentatum</i>. Initial observations suggested that this protuberant <i>Lithophyllum</i> species increases diversity in the otherwise species-poor exposed blanquizales. When present, higher macroalgal cover was observed with algae and microfauna frequently observed as epibiotic among the coralline's protuberances.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Structuring Role of Rhodolith Beds on Meiobenthic Communities in the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Adele Cocozza di Montanara,&nbsp;Federica Semprucci,&nbsp;Francesco Rendina,&nbsp;Giovanni Fulvio Russo,&nbsp;Roberto Sandulli","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rhodolith beds are globally distributed structurally complex habitats formed by the aggregation of unattached forms of non-geniculate coralline red algae. They provide key ecosystem functions and services, supporting feeding, settlement and nursery provision for several species. Despite their importance, the associated faunal biodiversity is poorly known, particularly with regard to meiofauna. The Mediterranean is particularly lacking in data; here, meiofaunal samples were collected in three sites from the Tyrrhenian Sea (Italy) aiming to characterize for the first time the meiofaunal communities associated with mesophotic rhodolith beds, exploring whether the microhabitat structure of rhodoliths influences variations in meiofaunal composition compared to the underlying sediment microhabitat. A total of 17 taxa was recorded. A high level of dissimilarity was found between the two different microhabitat types (i.e., rhodoliths and sediments), suggesting that meiofauna is more influenced by ‘micro’ than ‘macro’ spatial scale from both a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Rhodoliths showed a distinct meiofauna represented by copepods and many representative taxa of temporary meiofauna (macrofaunal juveniles), supporting the nursery role of rhodoliths. Conversely, sediments were mainly composed of sediment-dwelling organisms (nematodes and platyhelminthes). The presence of such a multifaceted meiobenthic community, especially in more structurally complex rhodoliths, might favour the resilience of the system and recovery processes after environmental perturbations. These findings underline the key role of rhodoliths as habitat formers and biodiversity/stability enhancers in coastal ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Threatened Status for the Relict Populations of Ectoparasitic Copepod Salmincola californiensis in Japan","authors":"Ryota Hasegawa,&nbsp;Yohsuke Uemura,&nbsp;Yasunori Yamashita,&nbsp;Makoto Inoshita,&nbsp;Itsuro Koizumi","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many species have been threatened over the past century because of anthropogenic disturbances. Parasites are among the most vulnerable groups because they rely on host organisms, many of which are now endangered. While many studies have argued and evaluated the risk of parasite extinction, empirical evidence is still lacking, especially from aquatic ecosystems. Here, we show the highly threatened status of relict populations of the ectoparasitic copepod <i>Salmincola californiensis</i> in Japan. <i>S. californiensis</i> attaches to the branchial cavities of freshwater salmonids of the genus <i>Oncorhynchus</i> spp., and only four local populations have been reported from disparate regions of Japan, isolated probably due to range contractions after glacial periods. Through citizen-led field surveys, we found no copepod infections in half of the <i>S. californiensis</i> populations previously reported, suggesting that local extinction has occurred within the last 50–60 years. The upstream reaches of the Kiso River and the Naka River harboured the only sustained populations, though the Kiso population may also have experienced population decline. Our results indicate that parasites can quickly decline over a large geographic scale, especially at range margins. When focal parasites are visible, citizen science is an effective approach for identifying the distributional range of rare parasites and aiding their conservation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering Sea Turtle Strandings in the Greek Seas (Eastern Mediterranean Sea): Spatiotemporal Patterns and Signs of Anthropogenic Interaction","authors":"Smaragda Despoti,&nbsp;Maria Solanou,&nbsp;Stavroula Tsoukali,&nbsp;Vasilis Valavanis,&nbsp;Konstantinos Tsagarakis,&nbsp;Marianna Giannoulaki","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Mediterranean Sea is frequented by local populations of loggerhead turtle <i>Caretta caretta</i> and green turtle <i>Chelonia mydas</i>. Greek waters host both nesting sites and foraging grounds for the loggerhead turtle, whereas only foraging grounds for the green turtle. Both species face threats in their marine environment sourcing from anthropogenic activity. Here, stranding data, spanning from 2010 to 2021, were used to shed light on the main drivers underneath these threats and to identify seasons and areas of high number of stranding events. Stranding events showed an increasing trend over the years for both species. The majority of the strandings were categorized as “unknown,” while those showing signs of anthropogenic interaction (i.e., strandings related to marine litter ingestion, oil pollution, fishing gear entanglement, and injuries) held a significant part, representing ~25% and ~35% for the loggerhead and green turtle, respectively. The present work identified seasons and areas of concern with emphasis on areas that indicate fishery interaction, providing information that can support the designation of conservation measures in marine Greek waters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Introgression From ‘Native’ Stocks When Looking for Population Structure in Brown Trout (Salmo trutta)","authors":"Nuria Sanz,&nbsp;Gustavo González","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In brown trout, population structure is the result of a combination of factors such as the geographic distance, the altitude, the hierarchy of the hydrography and the presence of physical barriers totally or partially impassable for trout. Structure can even occur within populations, because of the lack of random mating (panmixia) between individuals, which is often a consequence of stocking with exogenous fish. In this study, we aimed to evaluate fragmentation in brown trout populations of the Pedroso River (Duero basin) to assess the effect of artificial barriers in this system. Our results indicated a significant isolation of populations in the headwaters, which translates into a low genetic diversity, a small effective population size and a high rate of inbreeding. We also found an unexpected substructure in one of the downstream localities (PED-02), where the youngest individuals were genetically different. Genetic analysis confirmed that these rare individuals come from a hatchery native stock used to stocking Pedroso River. Because this stock was originated with individuals from Pedroso itself, we must consider that a strong founder effect took place. Over the years, genetic drift accentuated the genetic differentiation of this stock from the original population. From our results, we made some recommendation for the management and conservation of brown trout in the Pedroso River, based on the removal of the main barriers that isolate the upstream populations, after stopping the restocking carried out with ‘native invaders’ fish from the local hatchery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Variation and Genetic Divergence in Natural Populations of Curmuca barb, Hypselobarbus curmuca (Hamilton, 1807) in the Rivers of the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, India","authors":"Jeevan Thiruguna Mallegowda,&nbsp;Kamei Lanthaimeilu,&nbsp;Dayal Devadas,&nbsp;Sanath Kumar Hirekudel,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Jaiswar","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Hypselobarbus curmuca</i> is an endemic fish species of Family Cyprinidae found in rivers and reservoirs of the Western Ghats, India. An interdisciplinary study was conducted to assess the population genetic structuring of the species with the help of conventional morphometric, image-based truss network and genomic data of a nonprotein encoding mitochondrial DNA region (partial D-loop −494 bp) (<i>n</i> = 106). Fishes were collected from five rivers of the Western Ghats, namely, Kali, Sharavathi and Chalakudy (west-flowing) and Ghod and Tungabhadra (east-flowing) (<i>n</i> = 294). Multivariate analysis of body measurements and truss distances revealed very weak separation among populations. The D-loop sequence analysis showed that genetically distinct populations of fishes inhabit the studied rivers. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) could not completely distinguish morphologically distinct populations. D-loop sequence analysis indicated 13 haplotypes with low nucleotide diversity and 15 polymorphic sites, with location-specific haplotypes. An overall haplotype diversity of 0.80 and nucleotide diversity of 0.00849 were found. The haplotype network and maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree showed three clusters with two most probable ancestors. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed a high value (0.898) of the fixation index (F_ST) among the populations (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Neutrality test and mismatch distribution results indicated that the populations are currently subjected to selection. Application of an integrated approach to characterise the populations of <i>H. curmuca</i> in the wild supports the hypothesis of geographical barriers as major drivers of population genetic differentiation. Different riverine environments have not selected for morphological differences during the evolutionary process in the recent past and showed weak separation of populations. These findings can be utilised while designing conservation strategies for the species in the rivers of the Western Ghats, as the species faces threats due to exploitation in capture fisheries and trade in aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Secrets of Sturgeon Ecology: Lessons From Conservation Efforts in Northern Italy","authors":"Fabiola Labria,&nbsp;Valerio Orioli,&nbsp;Stefania Trasforini,&nbsp;Cesare Puzzi,&nbsp;Pietro Tirozzi,&nbsp;Luciano Bani,&nbsp;Olivia Dondina","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate the ecology of the Adriatic sturgeon (<i>Acipenser naccarii</i>) and Beluga sturgeon (<i>Huso huso</i>) in the Po basin in northern Italy, where both species have faced significant population declines. Using data collected from three LIFE projects, we investigated movement behaviour and habitat selection of the species following restocking, reintroduction and river defragmentation actions implemented during the LIFE projects. The two species showed a distinct movement behaviour and habitat selection. <i>A. naccarii</i> preferred to stay in <i>pool</i>, and it showed a tendency to have a landlocked behaviour, whereas <i>H. huso</i> did not show a clear habitat selection, and it always moved downstream, supporting the typical anadromous behaviour of this species. Both species benefited from river defragmentation interventions. These findings underscore the importance of habitat conservation/restoration and defragmentation measures for the long-term survival of sturgeon species.</p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Call to Action for Conservation of the Critically Endangered Ganges Shark (Glyphis gangeticus)","authors":"Kritish De,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar Dwivedi","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}