Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Rhodolith Beds in a Shifting World: A Palaeontological Perspective","authors":"Julio Aguirre,&nbsp;Juan C. Braga","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The occurrence of rhodolith beds in the stratigraphic record from the Cretaceous to the Pleistocene was analysed from published papers. Most data refer to low–mid latitude records of rhodolith beds described in the Tethyan–Paratethyan–Mediterranean domain. The first putative rhodolith beds are from Albian (uppermost Lower Cretaceous) deposits. These rhodolith beds are made up mostly of unattached loose branching corallines as well as of nodular structures. From the Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) to the Langhian (Middle Miocene), abundance of rhodolith beds shows a generally increasing fluctuating trend with two significant expansions in the Priabonian (late Eocene) and during the Aquitanian–Langhian (Early-Middle Miocene). After the Langhian maximum, rhodolith beds sharply declined to a minimum in the Zanclean (Early Pliocene). During the Pleistocene, they recovered to values similar to those reached in the Langhian. The general increase in rhodolith beds up the Langhian maximum correlates well with global temperature and <i>p</i>CO₂ declines and with an ocean pH increase. The tectonic activity leading to important palaeogeographic changes in the Tethyan–Parathetyan–Mediterranean realm might account for the Serravallian–Zanclean downfall of rhodolith-dominated deposits. The Cretaceous–Pleistocene record of rhodolith beds shows that these ecosystems withstood successfully a highly changing world. The rapid acclimation of particular taxa to environmental changes and the variable reaction of taxa distributed at different water depths can be crucial to understand their success. In this regard, it would be interesting to analyse how different taxa in modern deep rhodolith beds respond to changing oceanic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Occupancy Models for Data Collected on Stream Networks","authors":"Olivier Gimenez","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing Turbulence Patterns in Nature-Like Fishways: An Experimental Approach","authors":"Long Zhu,&nbsp;Jinchao Xu,&nbsp;Nanbo Tang,&nbsp;Xiaogang Wang,&nbsp;Sadashiv Chaturvedi,&nbsp;Min Liu,&nbsp;Prashant K. Srivastava","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nature-like fishways are an important measure for restoring fish passage, mitigating the impacts of barriers, and providing valuable habitat benefits in a more natural and effective way than traditional technical fishways. Their ecological advantages make them a preferred solution in many river restoration projects. The turbulence at the fishway's pool is a key challenge in the design of fishways. This study evaluated the hydraulic performance of the nature-like fishway section of the Zongyang Fishway Project in China. This utilized a trapezoidal cross-section with a 1:242 bottom slope, 1:2 side slopes, and an operating water depth of 1–3 m. The bottom and sides were paved with 0.2–0.5 m diameter pebbles to create suitable habitat for bottom-dwelling fish. The target design velocity was 0.7–0.9 m s⁻¹. A physical model was constructed to assess the hydraulic characteristics of the nature-like fishway, including flow velocities within the slots and turbulence levels in the pools. The results showed that the slot velocities were within the target range, the head loss was parallel to the bottom elevation, and the flow field near the bottom mimicked technical fishway conditions, whereas the surface flow resembled open channel flow. Turbulence intensity remained below 60% of the design velocity. These findings provide valuable insights into the hydraulic performance and suitability of this nature-like fishway design for facilitating fish passage of the target freshwater species along with directly aiding to SDGs 6 and 14.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Breeding Is an Underexplored Route Towards Conservation of the Endangered Noble Crayfish","authors":"Joel Vikberg Wernström","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behaviours of Sea Turtles in Shipwrecks in Northeast Brazil","authors":"Alana Thaís Teixeira da Silva Leitão,&nbsp;Maria Danise de Oliveira Alves,&nbsp;José Carlos Pacheco dos Santos,&nbsp;Bruna Bezerra","doi":"10.1002/aqc.4259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.4259","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ol>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Shipwrecks are one of the most common types of artificial reefs. They are home to several sea creatures, including sea turtles. Here, we aim to understand the relationship between sea turtles and shipwrecks by investigating species occurrence, behaviours and food availability in artificial reefs in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>To map sea turtle occurrence in shipwrecks, we considered data from the literature, and we inspected 54,145 photos resulting from 867 recreational dives performed in 19 shipwrecks. We then selected four wrecks for systematic behavioural observations through 97 h and 56 min of passive video recordings. We also investigated potential food resources for turtles in these shipwrecks.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We identified three turtle species (i.e., <i>Chelonia mydas, Eretmochelys imbricata</i> and <i>Caretta caretta</i>), but most records were juvenile <i>Chelonia mydas</i> individuals using conserved wrecks. We recorded nine behaviours. ‘Resting’ was the predominant activity for all three species, representing over 60% of the records for all species. Their overall activity pattern varied. The wrecks were predominantly encrusted with ascidia, octocoral, sponge and algae—organisms that are part of sea turtles' diet. We highlight the ecological role of the shipwrecks for sea turtles since they may serve as shelter (especially for the juveniles of <i>Chelonia mydas</i>), potentially protecting them against predators and strong currents. The wrecks may also serve as potential feeding areas for sea turtles. We reinforce the need to establish appropriate regulations for recreational dive tourism in shipwrecks in Brazil to avoid disturbing sea turtles in this ecologically important artificial reef.</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Standardized Scoring System to Assess the Welfare of Free-Ranging Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins (Sousa chinensis)","authors":"Agathe Serres,&nbsp;Rebecca M. Boys,&nbsp;Ngaio J. Beausoleil,&nbsp;Sara Platto,&nbsp;Fabienne Delfour,&nbsp;Songhai Li","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assessment of wild animal welfare has recently gained interest and represents a novel, complementary approach to monitoring free-ranging populations for conservation purposes. However, few attempts have been made to develop standardized welfare assessment tools for free-ranging animals. In the present study, a preliminary scoring system for the welfare assessment of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (IPHDs) was created using the Five Domains Model. During a series of online meetings, the panel established the scoring unit, the contribution of each parameter to the four physical/functional domains, the inferred mental states and impact intensity associated with each of these parameters, and the method of aggregating parameter scores within and among domains. The resulting framework includes a total of 53 parameter scores. A total of 20 welfare-status and 33 welfare-alerting parameters were identified; these are aggregated into two overall welfare grades for enhancement (positive experiences) and compromise (negative experiences). The panel attributed confidence scores to the intensity impact reflected by each parameter and associated mental states. As expected, these scores reflect higher confidence in welfare-status than welfare-alerting parameters; welfare compromise was also attributed higher confidence than welfare enhancement and Domain 1 (Nutrition) globally received higher confidence scores than other domains. As with any expert elicitation study, subjective biases likely exist; these can be reduced through further research on the suggested parameters. The framework uses current knowledge and has been developed to enable continual improvement as further evidence becomes available on various parameters. This study represents an important step in the development of a welfare assessment tool (WAT) for IPHDs. Next steps include defining measurement methods and thresholds for scoring parameter intensities, followed by reliability testing. This WAT can then be used to systematically monitor populations of IPHDs in a way that will better inform conservation measures and ensure their effectiveness.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal on Species-Specific Synergistic Conservation Measures for Critically Endangered Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus)","authors":"Arvind Kumar Dwivedi,&nbsp;Kritish De","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gharial (<i>Gavialis gangeticus</i>), a critically endangered freshwater reptile endemic to the Indian subcontinent, faces severe threats from various anthropogenic stressors. Despite positive conservation efforts, a holistic approach is essential for improved outcomes. This involves (1) identification of new conservation priority sites, (2) establishment of gharial populations outside protected areas, (3) interlinking ecosystem processes, (4) conducting census of gharial annually, (5) efficient use of digital technology, (6) adoption of best management practices to mitigate various threats, (7) assessment of inbreeding depression in gharial, (8) rescue and rehabilitation training for local communities, (9) interstate and trans-boundary commission and (10) survey on socio-economic status of local communities. Implementing the proposed synergistic measures will not only strengthen conservation efforts but also enhance the livelihoods of local communities, ensuring a sustainable future for this species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harbour Porpoise Bycatch: Determining Spatial Distribution of Risk to Inform Management Measures","authors":"Hope E. Irvine,&nbsp;Eunice H. Pinn,&nbsp;I. Philip Smith,&nbsp;William Lart","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bycatch in static nets (i.e., gillnets, trammel nets and tangle nets) has been identified as the leading cause of harbour porpoise mortality globally. Various options are available for mitigating and managing this risk. However, selecting the most effective management measures to balance harbour porpoise conservation needs with sustainable fishing practice is challenging. By understanding the spatial variation of bycatch risk, it is possible to tailor mitigation and management options for a specific localised area or region. This study identified areas of potential interaction between harbour porpoise and static net fishing activity. An interaction index, a measure of the coincidence of porpoise and fishing activity, was developed. Using this approach, it was possible to differentiate between areas that potentially represented concentrations of higher bycatch risk and other areas with a lower but more widespread level of risk. For the Irish and Celtic Seas, an area recognised as having the highest harbour porpoise bycatch rate in European waters, there was a low to moderate interaction index, with the risk spread over a relatively large area. In the North Sea, in contrast, high values of the interaction index occurred in smaller areas, indicating that bycatch risk was more concentrated in this region. With the exception of some coastal areas, the interaction index was generally low for the West of Scotland and Ireland region. The identification of potential areas of interaction between harbour porpoise and static net fishing provides an opportunity to focus monitoring efforts and inform management decisions. For example, the use of area-based management encompassing small areas may be appropriate when spatially concentrated risk of bycatch is evidenced, whereas the use of technical measures, such as pingers, could be considered for areas with widespread lower risk of bycatch.</p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Declines in Freshwater Mussels and Loss of Mussel–Invertebrate Interactions in the Subtropical Waterbodies of Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"Isobel Ollard,&nbsp;David C. Aldridge,&nbsp;Fatima Jannat,&nbsp;Gawsia W. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aqc.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Vulnerability of Rhodolith Bed Frameworks and Underlying Sediment to Ongoing Ocean Climate Change","authors":"Aidan Hicks,&nbsp;Kyle R. Millar,&nbsp;Patrick Gagnon","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rhodoliths are non-geniculate, free-living coralline red algae that can accumulate on the seafloor and form structurally complex habitats supporting highly biodiverse communities termed rhodolith beds. Limited understanding of key rhodolith kinetical attributes and how they scale with environmental variability limits ability to predict changes in rhodolith bed distribution and abundance in a globally changing ocean climate. We carried out two experiments in an oscillatory wave tank to test the effects of (1) rhodolith (<i>Boreolithothamnion glaciale</i>) density and wave velocity on rhodolith displacement and abrasion over a hard substratum and (2) rhodolith density on rhodolith displacement and the stability of underlying sediment. We established that on a hard substratum, (1) a threshold wave velocity of ~0.3 m s⁻¹ is required to induce noticeable displacement in average-sized rhodoliths and (2) rhodolith abrasion increases (quasi-linearly) with wave velocity up to this threshold. We also showed that (3) for a same rhodolith density, rhodolith displacement is at least two times smaller on a sedimentary than hard substratum and (4) the loss of sediment underneath rhodoliths decreases (quasi-linearly) with an increase in rhodolith density. Rates documented and strong scaling with changes in water motion and rhodolith density indicate that relatively small changes in the density of rhodoliths or hydrodynamic forces can quickly destabilize rhodolith bed frameworks and underlying sediment. These rates can be used to develop predictive models of change in rhodolith bed distribution and abundance that can in turn inform development of more accurate, science-based rhodolith bed conservation strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"34 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}