Aquatic Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Sediment organic carbon sources, accumulation and stock estimates in a temperate lake over the past 10,000 years in Ireland","authors":"Ryan Smazal,&nbsp;Catherine Dalton,&nbsp;Karen Molloy,&nbsp;Aaron Potito,&nbsp;Suzanne Linnane,&nbsp;Elvira de Eyto,&nbsp;Eleanor Jennings","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01352-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01352-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Determining the quantity and source of organic carbon (OC) that is stored in different ecosystems is critical to understanding the global carbon cycle. A substantial store of OC exists within lake sediments, which effectively act as a long-term sink. However, data-based estimates of these long-term stores are limited. Improving our understanding of the processes that affect lake sediment stores has scientific and management implications, potentially leading to more informed policies for managing lake ecosystems and carbon budgets. To investigate the quantity and sources of sediment OC in a lake in western Ireland (Lough Feeagh, Co. Mayo), data from two sediment cores were analysed, in combination with hydroacoustic survey data. Radiocarbon and geochemical data allowed for reconstruction of sediment depth (SAR), sediment mass accumulation rates (MAR) and OC accumulation rates (OCAR) over the past 10,000 years. A substantial increase in MAR and OCAR occurred at <i>c</i>. 3700 cal. YBP, with a subsequent steady increase over the past 2000 cal. YBP. Overall, OCAR was more strongly related to SAR than to sediment OC content, with indications from isotopic analyses and C:N that sediment OC was primarily sourced from the terrestrial environment. Based on sediment volume estimates and OC density values, the median lake bottom sediment OC stock was estimated to be 205 kT OC (5th–95th percentile range: 115–246 kT OC). These results provide the first millennial-scale estimate of carbon sediment stores within a lake in Ireland, and highlight the potential importance of these ecosystems within the context of global OC storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148751739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate assessment of seasonal water quality dynamics in Bungus Bay, West Sumatra, Indonesia: implications for coastal management","authors":"Ulung Jantama Wisha,&nbsp;Koko Ondara,&nbsp;Johan Risandi,&nbsp;Terry L. Kepel,&nbsp;Undang Hernawan,&nbsp;Agung Yunanto,&nbsp;Yusuf Jati Wijaya,&nbsp;Lilik Maslukah,&nbsp;Pingkan Mayestika Afgatiani,&nbsp;Yulius Yulius,&nbsp;Taslim Arifin,&nbsp;Mohd Yusuf Amrullah,&nbsp;Rifky Jati Pamungkas","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01350-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01350-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantifying the combined effects of tidal forcing and seasonal variability on coastal water quality is crucial for managing semi-enclosed tropical embayments. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of water quality in Bungus Bay, Indonesia, during flood and ebb tides in the dry (June) and wet (December) seasons of 2020. A total of 11 physicochemical and nutrient parameters were analyzed using Pearson correlation, hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), Coastal Water Quality Index (CWQI), and trophic state assessment. Clear tidal modulation was observed. Flood tides were characterized by higher salinity, lower nutrient concentrations, and predominantly good water quality (CWQI &gt; 70). In contrast, ebb tides showed elevated nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and total suspended sediment (TSS), with CWQI declining below 50 (poor water quality) at several inner-bay stations, particularly during the December survey. PCA revealed stronger nutrient structuring during the wet season, with nutrient-related variables dominating the first principal component and explaining more than 60% of the total variance. The wet season exhibited broader salinity gradients, higher dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations, and higher chlorophyll-a levels than the dry season. Trophic status shifted from largely oligotrophic conditions in June to mesotrophic–eutrophic states at multiple stations in December, supported by the nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N:P) ratio frequently exceeded the Redfield threshold (16:1), indicating enhanced nitrogen enrichment and a tendency toward relative phosphorus limitation. Pollution hotspots were consistently concentrated in the inner and southeastern bay. Overall, nutrient enrichment driven by tidal modulation and seasonal runoff represents the primary mechanism of water quality degradation, underscoring the need for tidal phase-based monitoring and seasonally adaptive coastal management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in diatom science: methods, progress and applications","authors":"Hirak Parikh,&nbsp;Gayatri Dave,&nbsp;Jyoti Verma,&nbsp;Archana Tiwari","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01349-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01349-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diatoms are an exceptionally diverse lineage of unicellular photosynthetic microalgae, primarily identified by valve morphology. Their silica frustules and high productivity make them central to nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and applications ranging from environmental monitoring to biotechnology. However, conventional morphological analysis is time-consuming, subjective, and often limited in taxonomic resolution. Over the past 2 decades, artificial intelligence has progressed from early feature engineering and basic machine learning to advanced deep learning approaches for diatom detection, classification, ecological prediction, and bioengineering optimization. Despite the rapid expansion, there are no comprehensive overviews spanning these domains. Existing reviews typically focus on isolated themes such as automated taxonomy, water quality assessment, or forensic applications, without integrating methodological evolution and technological progress across fields. This paper presents the first broad synthesis of AI applications in diatom research to our knowledge, tracing developments from early pattern recognition to contemporary multimodal, predictive, and systems-oriented frameworks. A structured table-based analysis documents datasets, algorithms, evaluation metrics, and classification performance over time. The results highlight a clear trajectory from engineered feature models to convolutional neural networks, transformers, and multimodal architectures, with reported accuracies frequently exceeding 90 to 98 percent. At the same time, persistent challenges remain, including class imbalance, limited representativeness of field training data, model explainability, uncertainty quantification, and regional transferability. Overall, this study shows that AI has evolved from a supportive tool to a foundational discipline within diatom science and outlines priorities for biologically informed model design, data standardization, and rigorous validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148750650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing decision optimization strategies for managing climate change impacts on aquatic ecosystems and public health in Asia","authors":"Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Hridoy,&nbsp;Chiara Bordin,&nbsp;Md. Saiful Islam,&nbsp;Matteo Bodini,&nbsp;Azeez Olalekan Baki,&nbsp;S. M. Sertaz Islam,&nbsp;Niraj Bohora,&nbsp;Md Masum Reza,&nbsp;Mohtasim Fowad Jamee,&nbsp;Dewan Hasan Al Mostakim,&nbsp;Riazul Islam,&nbsp;Andleeb Masood,&nbsp;Gift Samuel David,&nbsp;Leonardo Goliatt","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01347-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01347-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is dramatically reshaping the delicate balance of Asia’s freshwater and marine ecosystems, intensifying threats to biodiversity, water quality, and public health. This review explores the profound interconnections between climate change and aquatic environments, highlighting the escalating risks posed by rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events. The paper delves into the alarming surge in harmful algal blooms, shifts in species distributions, and the increasing prevalence of waterborne diseases, all of which undermine both potable water sources and food security. In addition, the review examines the compounding impact of pollution, which further exacerbates the vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems. As global temperatures rise, the resulting decrease in dissolved oxygen and proliferation of pathogens create hostile environments for aquatic life, while extreme climatic events exacerbate water contamination and scarcity in many regions. Vulnerable communities, heavily reliant on aquatic resources for survival, face a dual challenge of environmental and socioeconomic instability. As Asia’s aquatic ecosystems continue to face unprecedented stress, proactive interventions are essential to safeguard food security, water resources, and public health for future generations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148628444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the distribution of the antibiotic resistome in China’s Yangtze River","authors":"Kang Zhou,&nbsp;Yunhui He","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01348-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01348-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global human and animal health. River systems, being highly susceptible to anthropogenic influences, are considered critical reservoirs and dissemination pathways for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, a comprehensive understanding of the distribution and dynamics of ARGs in large riverine ecosystems remains limited. Here, we conducted high-throughput profiling of ARGs along the Yangtze River in China. Our analysis identified a total of 34 ARG subtypes, encompassing 13 major types, prevalent in both freshwater (FW) and freshwater sediment (FWS) samples. ARG abundance was substantially higher in freshwater than in sediment samples, and ARG composition also differed significantly between these two compartments. In contrast, no significant differences in either abundance or composition were observed between upstream and middle–downstream sections. Strong correlations were detected between ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and network analysis revealed complex cooccurrence patterns among different ARG types. Notably, ARG α-diversity differed significantly between sites upstream and downstream of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD), whereas β-diversity remained unchanged. This study provides insights into the resistome of large river systems and will inform future strategies for monitoring and mitigating ARG risks in aquatic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148628710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of management effectiveness in four marine protected areas (MPAs) after 5 years of monitoring in Southeastern Philippines","authors":"Maria Galveia,&nbsp;Edison D. Macusi","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01346-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01346-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study compares the management effectiveness of four marine protected areas (MPAs) in Southeastern Mindanao, Philippines, over a 5-year period (2019–2024) using the Marine Protected Area Effectiveness Assessment Tool (MEAT). MPAs were evaluated across governance, enforcement, financing, monitoring, and community participation, with expected progress defined by the attainment of documented enforcement actions, active monitoring systems, diversified financing, community engagement, and integration into local development plans. Results show incremental improvements in overall MEAT scores across all sites, but no MPA reached Level 3 (“sustained”) effectiveness. Kabisanan MPA displayed the most progress, rising from Level 0 to Level 2, while Mabini Protected Landscape and Seascape increased its score but remained at Level 2 due to persistent enforcement gaps. Tagaliling and Pangubaan MPAs improved modestly but stayed at Level 1, reflecting limited advances in surveillance, prosecution, financing, and biophysical monitoring. Socioeconomic data from adjacent small-scale fishing communities revealed changes in gear use, increased motorization, and shifting target species, suggesting adaptive responses to spatial restrictions and changing resource conditions. However, reliance on municipal funding, the absence of prosecution of violators, and discontinuity in monitoring systems limited overall effectiveness. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic further exposed vulnerabilities in MPAs that depended on tourism revenue. Despite strong legal foundations and community support, institutional weaknesses, resource limitations, and inconsistent enforcement prevented most sites from advancing to sustained management. The findings highlight the need for long-term financing strategies, documented enforcement, regular monitoring, and integration into local government development plans to move MPAs from basic form of management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat-specific meiobenthic community structure across intertidal zones of the Gulf of Kachchh during Southwest Monsoon","authors":"Sanofar Khokher,&nbsp;Joydeep Dutta,&nbsp;Sagar Chawan,&nbsp;Amita Choudhury,&nbsp;Tahseen Qudsia,&nbsp;Gaurav Kumar,&nbsp;Arun Karnwal,&nbsp;Natalia Nesterova","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01345-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01345-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Intertidal ecosystems are characterized by pronounced environmental gradients that influence benthic community assembly, yet the mechanisms governing meiofaunal organization in tropical macrotidal systems remain poorly understood. We investigated the meiofaunal community structure across three contrasting intertidal habitats (rocky coralline beds, sandy beaches, mangroves) in the monsoon-influenced Gulf of Kachchh, India, using a balanced orthogonal sampling design encompassing habitat, tidal elevation, and spatial replication. Eighteen meiofaunal taxa were recorded. Nematoda and Copepoda collectively accounted for the majority of individuals across all habitats. Multivariate analyses revealed that habitat identity significantly influenced community composition, abundance, diversity, and evenness, whereas tidal elevation had no detectable effect. Bootstrapped nMDS and PERMANOVA showed clear habitat-level segregation, with the strongest compositional turnover occurring between mangrove and rocky coralline habitats. Environmental analyses showed that community composition and abundance were primarily associated with indicators of food quality and organic enrichment, including chlorophyll-a, phaeophytin, organic matter, and sediment moisture. In contrast, diversity and evenness were more strongly related to sediment architecture, particularly grain-size composition, porosity, and water content. Redundancy analysis indicated that environmental variables explained 40.08% of total community variation, highlighting the importance of local sedimentary conditions in structuring assemblages. The dominance of nematodes in fine-grained, organically enriched sediments and the greater representation of copepods and halacarids in coarser habitats further demonstrated habitat-specific ecological filtering. These findings indicate that habitat structural complexity functions as an environmental sieve that regulates meiofaunal community assembly within this macrotidal ecosystem and underscore the value of meiofauna as sensitive indicators of intertidal habitat condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal variability and intermittent behavior of nutrients and environmental factors in the Yi River, East China: a time-frequency analysis approach","authors":"Lizhi Wang,&nbsp;Liangju Ding,&nbsp;Hongli Song,&nbsp;Xiyuan Wu,&nbsp;Yun Wang,&nbsp;Qianjin Liu,&nbsp;Juan An,&nbsp;Yuanzhi Wu,&nbsp;Rui Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01343-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01343-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The excessive accumulation of nutrients in rivers is a significant contributor to eutrophication, and changes in nutrient levels are impacted by a variety of causes. Because the nutrients and environmental factors are highly non-stationary, we applied the time-frequency analysis-complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise and the Hilbert-Huang spectrum to investigate the fluctuations in long-term nutrient levels and environmental factor dynamics from 2005 to 2019 in the Yi River. Principal components analysis was conducted on environmental factors, revealing three principal components, labeled F₁, F₂, and F₃. These analysis techniques isolated six intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) for each nutrient and environmental factor and showed that these IMFs generally operated at similar time scales. All the IMFs oscillated throughout the series. The residual components captured the underlying long-term trend of the original series. There were no significant differences between the nutrients and principal components in the high-frequency IMFs (IMF1-3). However, significant differences were observed among the low-frequency IMFs (IMF4-6). The time-dependent intrinsic correlation analysis revealed positive correlations at specific time intervals and scales, whereas contrasting behavior might exist at others. The time-dependent intrinsic correlation analysis showed that positive correlations could be observed at specific time intervals and scales, while contrasting behavior might exist at others. However, potential factors such as unidentified physical processes, spatial non-homogeneity, or climate forcings on hydrological processes were speculated to play a role in these variations. The significance of this research lies in providing a better understanding of the temporal dynamics of nutrients and environmental factors in rivers, which can contribute to effective management strategies for eutrophication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophytes as drivers of seasonal succession of zooplankton communities in the littoral zone of shallow lakes and small watercourses","authors":"Dmitry Gavrilko,&nbsp;Viktor Bubnov,&nbsp;Alexandr Sarapkin","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01342-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01342-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seasonal succession of zooplankton communities has been the subject of numerous studies. However, these studies have primarily addressed pelagic communities. In the littoral zone, higher aquatic vegetation acts as a powerful habitat-forming factor that determines the structure and distribution of zooplankton. We analyzed the course of seasonal succession of zooplankton communities in different types of macrophyte stands and at the edge of stands in the littoral zone of a floodplain lake and a small watercourse. In spring, when macrophytes were absent from the biotopes of submerged plants, and in late October, when they had virtually disappeared, the species structure of zooplankton communities exhibited high similarity. This finding indicates the cyclical nature of seasonal succession in zooplankton communities. During the period of active growth, morphologically diverse macrophytes created a gradient of environmental conditions and zooplankton communities across the littoral zone in the form of an ecocline. The formation of this ecocline in littoral zooplankton communities was a transient phenomenon, governed by the environmental heterogeneity generated by macrophytes. The spring period in all biotopes was characterized by pronounced fluctuations in the abundance of individual rotifer species. The colonization of biotopes by macrophytes led to the dominance of cladocerans with longer life cycles, thereby enhancing the temporal stability of planktonic assemblages. The reorganization of zooplankton community structure and the formation of planktonic assemblages were associated with changes in macrophyte composition and the degree of cover within the biotope. The most distinct succession of planktonic assemblages was observed in Elodea stands, where the dominant macrophyte species did not change over the season. The obtained data on the influence of macrophytes on the seasonal succession of zooplankton can be used for the effective management of aquatic ecosystems and the planning of conservation measures in shallow coastal systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zooplankton taxonomic dominance and functional diversity along trophic gradients in a tropical reservoir","authors":"Renato Miziara Assef dos Santos,&nbsp;Maria José dos Santos Wiesnieswki,&nbsp;Odete Rocha","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01337-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01337-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trophic gradients are key drivers of community organization in freshwater ecosystems, yet taxonomic approaches may overlook important ecological changes occurring at the functional level. In this study, we investigated how zooplankton diversity respond to spatial and temporal environmental gradients in a large tropical reservoir in southeastern Brazil. The data were collected across two major sub-basins (Grande and Sapucaí rivers). A total of 69 zooplankton taxa were recorded. Rotifers showed pronounced taxonomic turnover among trophic states, whereas cladocerans responded mainly through changes in abundance while maintaining relatively stable species composition. Despite these shifts in community structure, traditional taxonomic diversity indices (richness, Shannon, and Simpson) did not vary significantly along the trophic gradient, indicating apparent spatial stability in diversity. By contrast, functional diversity metrics revealed clear spatial and temporal patterns. Functional richness (FRic), functional evenness (FEve), and functional dispersion (FDis) were significantly higher in the Sapucaí River, while FEve varied along the trophic gradient, with lower values under mesotrophic conditions, indicating functional dominance of specific trait combinations. Seasonal reductions in functional divergence (FDiv) and functional dispersion in June suggest strong environmental filtering and convergence toward intermediate trait strategies. Analyses of feeding habits further supported these patterns, revealing reduced abundances of filter-feeding, raptorial, and suctorial organisms in eutrophic environments, indicating functional simplification despite stable taxonomic diversity. Together, these results demonstrate that trait-based approaches provide greater sensitivity to detect ecological responses of zooplankton communities to eutrophication, highlighting the importance of incorporating functional indicators into monitoring and management of tropical reservoirs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-026-01337-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}