Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Improved biological value of eggs due to the addition of pomegranate seed oil to laying-hen diets.","authors":"Şaziye Canan Bölükbaşı,&nbsp;Büşra Dumlu,&nbsp;Aycan Mutlu Yağanoğlu","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-121-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-121-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the effects of the addition of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) at different levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> ) to laying-hen rations on performance values, egg quality criteria, egg shelf life, some enzyme activity, and the fatty acid composition of yolks were investigated. In the study, 96 Lohman LSL laying hens at 64 weeks of age were used. The trial consisted of four groups, each containing 24 hens. Chickens were given feed and water ad libitum during the 8-week experiment. The first group was the control group and was fed with a basal diet, while the other groups were fed with feeds with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> PSO added to the basal feed, respectively. The lowest feed consumption and the highest egg weight were determined in the 1  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> PSO group. The highest feed conversion ratio, the lowest eggshell weight, and the shell-breaking strength were determined in the 0.5  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> PSO group. It was determined that the egg yolk malondialdehyde (MDA) value in the groups to which pomegranate seed oil was added was significantly lower than the control group on the 28th day of storage. The lowest glutation (GSH) and catalase values were found in the control group, and the highest total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was found in the 1  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> PSO group. It was determined that the addition of PSO to the diet significantly increased the rate of saturated fatty acids (SEFA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) in yolk. The results showed that the addition of 1  <math><mrow><mi>mL</mi> <mspace></mspace> <msup><mi>kg</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> pomegranate seed oil to the feeds decreased feed consumption, increased egg weight, and positively affected the shelf life of the egg. In short, the addition of PSO had a positive effect on shelf life, and it increased punicic acid and CLA levels without reducing egg quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological indexes and iron status in pregnant mares.","authors":"Katiuska Satué,&nbsp;Esterina Fazio,&nbsp;Deborah La Fauci,&nbsp;Pietro Medica","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-197-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-197-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During pregnancy, iron requirements are increased to meet optimal placental and fetal growth and the expansion of the maternal red-cell mass and to prevent complications related to the mother's iron deficiency anemia. Red-cell parameters and iron status provide consistent additional information for diagnosis of iron deficiency conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum iron status and its relation to hematological indexes in pregnant mares. Blood samples were taken from 31 Spanish Purebred mares over 11 months of pregnancy. Concentrations of iron (Fe), ferritin (Ferr), transferrin (T), and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) increased significantly and unsaturated iron-binding capacity (UIBC) decreased as the pregnancy progressed without changes in red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (HB) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and transferrin saturation (TSAT). Fe and Ferr were positively correlated (<math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.21</mn></mrow></math>). Fe and T (<math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.69</mn></mrow></math>) and Fe and TSAT (<math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.94</mn></mrow></math>) were positively correlated, and Fe and UIBC were negatively correlated (<math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>0.69</mn></mrow></math>). T and TIBC were positively correlated (<math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1.00</mn></mrow></math>). Pregnancy in the Spanish Purebred mare is characterized by a progressive increase in Fe, Ferr, T, and TIBC and a decrease in UIBC without modification in hematological indexes. Hematological parameters and iron status seem to indicate a sufficiency for Fe transport and its related mobilization and utilization during gestation in Spanish Purebred mares.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 3","pages":"197-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsanthin supplementation modulates the immune response in broiler chickens under <i>Escherichia coli</i> lipopolysaccharide challenge.","authors":"Brigitta Csernus,&nbsp;Csaba Szabó,&nbsp;Renáta Knop,&nbsp;Reda Gebrehaweria Kidane,&nbsp;Sawadi Fransisco Ndunguru,&nbsp;Gabriella Gulyás,&nbsp;Xénia Erika Ozsváth,&nbsp;Levente Czeglédi","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-103-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-103-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the legislation of antibiotic usage, natural substances are required for application in the poultry industry. Because of their potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, carotenoids are great sources. Capsanthin, a major carotenoid giving the red color of pepper, is a promising feed additive, as it can reduce chronic inflammation. This study was conducted to determine the effects of capsanthin supplementation at 80 mg kg<math><msup><mi></mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> in feed on the immune response of broiler chickens under <i>Escherichia coli</i> O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Ross 308 male broilers were divided into treatments: control (basal diet) and feed-supplemented groups. At 42 d of age, chickens were weighed and then challenged with 1 mg LPS per kilogram of body weight intraperitoneally. Four hours after injection, birds were euthanized, and then spleen and blood samples were collected. Capsanthin supplement at 80 mg kg<math><msup><mi></mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> did not change the growth parameters and the relative spleen weight. LPS immunization resulted in higher splenic interleukin-1<math><mi>β</mi></math> (IL-1<math><mi>β</mi></math>), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-<math><mi>γ</mi></math> (IFN-<math><mi>γ</mi></math>) mRNA expressions. Capsanthin addition reached lower gene expression levels of IL-6 and IFN-<math><mi>γ</mi></math> compared to the LPS-injected birds. At plasma level, dietary capsanthin resulted in lower IL-1<math><mi>β</mi></math> and IL-6 levels. These results may indicate the potential anti-inflammatory effect of capsanthin supplementation in broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10258793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10004862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA diversity of D-loop region in three native Turkish cattle breeds.","authors":"Eymen Demir,&nbsp;Nina Moravčíková,&nbsp;Bahar Argun Karsli,&nbsp;Radovan Kasarda,&nbsp;Ibrahim Aytekin,&nbsp;Umit Bilginer,&nbsp;Taki Karsli","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-31-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-31-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to reveal the genetic variability of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement-loop (D-loop) region in 62 animals belonging to three native Turkish cattle breeds, namely Anatolian Black (AB), East Anatolian Red (EAR) and Zavot (ZAV), and to conduct phylogenetic relationship analyses to obtain deeper information on their genetic origin and breeding history by comparison of 6 taurine and 11 indicine breeds, together with 66 polymorphic sites, a total of 31 haplotypes, of which 15, 10 and 6 were detected in AB, EAR and ZAV, respectively. Mean nucleotide and haplotype diversity were 0.01 and 0.891, respectively, whereas the genetic differentiation derived from Wright's <math> <mrow><msub><mi>F</mi> <mi>ST</mi></msub> </mrow> </math> index was 0.174 across the breeds. A significant level of total variation (17.42 %) was observed among breeds in molecular variance analysis. Six main haplogroups (T, T1, T2, T3, Q and I2) were detected in Anatolian cattle populations, where T3 was the most frequent among breeds (43.55 %), whereas I2, an indicine specific haplogroup, was observed only in ZAV. At the breed level, phylogenetic analyses supported by 198 sequences of 17 cattle breeds and 3 outgroup species retrieved from the GenBank clustered native Turkish cattle breeds with the taurine group rather than the indicine one, as expected. However, indicine admixture at low frequency (8.89 %) was detected in the ZAV breed for the first time due to more likely gene flow from indicine cattle breeds raised in neighbour countries, particularly Iran. This finding should be further investigated in all native Turkish and indicine cattle breeds from nearby countries to clarify gene flow and indicine admixture in Anatolian cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9901521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10690200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of novel electrical teat dipping on some mastitis parameters in dairy herds.","authors":"Tarik Safak,&nbsp;Ali Risvanli,&nbsp;Oznur Yilmaz,&nbsp;Burak Yuksel,&nbsp;Nevzat Saat,&nbsp;Burak Tanyeri","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-141-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-141-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrical teat dipping (ETD) is a novel, patented method developed by the authors to control mastitis in dairy cows. Here we evaluate the efficacy of ETD in reducing the incidence of clinical mastitis and bulk tank milk somatic cell count (BTMSCC) on three dairy farms over 6 months. ETD was applied for morning and evening milking on three farms, while conventional teat dipping (CTD) was applied on the other three farms. The number of animals and quarters with clinical mastitis and monthly BTMSCC measurements were recorded. We found that the incidence of clinical mastitis was lower on farms using ETD than those using CTD. However, the BTMSCC did not significantly change throughout the study. Based on these findings, we conclude that ETD effectively reduces mastitis rates on dairy farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"141-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9399078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of reproductive performance of ewes based on the early production data, ewe birth rank, dam age, and dam birth rank.","authors":"Ivan Vlahek,&nbsp;Velimir Sušić,&nbsp;Anamaria Ekert Kabalin,&nbsp;Sven Menčik,&nbsp;Maja Maurić Maljković,&nbsp;Aneta Piplica,&nbsp;Juraj Šavorić,&nbsp;Siniša Faraguna","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-145-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-145-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research aimed to analyze whether ewes' total reproductive performance up to the fourth year of life (RP4) can be predicted based on the data available at an early stage of a ewe's productive life. The RP4 of 133 Romanov ewes was measured in terms of the total number of lambs born per ewe (TNLE) and total birth weight of lambs per ewe (TBLE). Multiple regression was used to analyze whether early reproductive performance indicators (first litter size - FLS, age at first lambing - AFL, first lambing interval - FLI), ewe birth rank, dam age, and dam birth rank can be used as the predictors of RP4. Predicted <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> and 95 % prediction intervals were used as indicators of the precision of prediction. Average TNLE and TBLE at the end of fourth year of ewe life were 11.84 lambs and 37.96 kg, respectively. FLS and FLI significantly ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ) influenced TNLE and TBLE, while AFL was not a significant ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ) variable. Ewes with shorter FLI had significantly ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ) higher TNLE (10.94 lambs) and TBLE (36.17 kg) than ewes with long FLI (TNLE  <math><mo>=</mo></math>  9.12 lambs and TBLE  <math><mo>=</mo></math>  28.05 kg). <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> predicted for TNLE and TBLE was 7.54 % and 11.49 %, respectively. The ewe's birth rank and the dam's birth rank significantly ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ) influenced TNLE and TBLE. Ewes born as singletons and ewes from singleton-born dams had significantly ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ) lower TNLE and TBLE than ewes born as triplets and ewes from triplet-born dams. <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> predicted for TNLE was 16.76 %, and 25.69 % for TBLE. FLS and FLI are better predictors of RP4 than AFL. The birth rank of ewe and dam also proved significant predictors of RP4. For both sets of predictors (early reproductive indicators and birth rank data), low values of <math> <mrow><msup><mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn></msup> </mrow> </math> predicted indicate that precise prediction of RP4 cannot be made.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"145-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10077573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9273450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection signature analysis reveals <i>RDH5</i> performed key function in vision during sheep domestication process.","authors":"Ruixue Hu,&nbsp;Xunping Jiang,&nbsp;Huiguo Yang,&nbsp;Guiqiong Liu","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-81-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-81-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As one of the most successful domesticated animals in the Neolithic age, sheep gradually migrated all over the world with human activities. During the domestication process, remarkable changes have taken place in morphology, physiology, and behavior, resulting in different breeds with different characters via artificial and natural selection. However, the genetic background responsible for these phenotypic variations remains largely unclear. Here, we used whole genome resequencing technology to compare and analyze the genome differences between Asiatic mouflon wild sheep (<i>Ovis orientalis</i>) and Hu sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>). A total of 755 genes were positively selected in the process of domestication and selection, and the genes related to sensory perception had directional evolution in the autosomal region, such as <i>OPRL1, LEF1, TAS1R3, ATF6, VSX2, MYO1A, RDH5</i>, and some novel genes. A missense mutation of c.T722C/p.M241T in exon 4 of <i>RDH5</i> existing in sheep were found, and the <i>T</i> allele was completely fixed in Hu sheep. In addition, the mutation with the <i>C</i> allele reduced the retinol dehydrogenase activity encoding by <i>RDH5</i>, which can impair retinoic acid metabolism and further influenced the visual cycle. Overall, our results showed significant enrichment for positively selected genes involved in sensory perception development during sheep domestication; <i>RDH5</i> and its variants may be related to the retinal degeneration in sheep. We infer that the wild sheep ancestors with weaker visual sensitivity were weeded out by humans, and the mutation was selective, swept by the dual pressures of natural and artificial selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"81-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the application opportunities of precision livestock farming (PLF) for water buffalo (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>) breeding: SWOT analysis.","authors":"Orhan Ermetin","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-41-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-41-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of technology in agriculture is increasing daily with the development of technology in all areas. With the help of PLF (precision livestock farming) technologies and efficient use of inputs, economic, environmentally friendly, and better-quality products are obtained. Significantly its use in dairy cattle is increasing daily, contributing to sustainable milk production in both economic and ecological terms. As the demand increased in the world for water buffalo meat, milk, and dairy products, different breeding systems have been applied for more and higher-quality production purposes. This way the number of water buffalo farms breeding in intensive conditions is increasing. It is necessary to investigate the possibilities of using PLF technologies, which are still widespread in dairy cattle, in water buffalo breeding, and to benefit from the advanced technology in this regard. This study aims to discuss the applicability of PLF technologies by surveying buffalo breeders. With the data obtained from the survey results made with the water buffalo breeders, the strengths, opportunities, threats, and effects of the weaknesses were discussed with the SWOT analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"41-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9901519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9238290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of being housed with a goat on abnormal behavior in horses.","authors":"Fatih Yildirim,&nbsp;Ahmet Yildiz,&nbsp;Mahir Murat Cengiz,&nbsp;Murat Temel,&nbsp;Ayşe Küreksiz","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-9-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-9-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Horses in stalls generally remain in single-stall housing, so abnormal behavior can be observed in this management condition. Abnormal behavior can harm the horse's keeper, rider, or even the animal itself. The present study aims to examine the effect of goats on abnormal behaviors in horses. For this purpose, it placed six horses and six goats in the single-stall housing of the horses, one horse and one goat, and monitored them for 45 d. The research was divided into three observation phases during this time: in the first observation, the horses were left alone (0-15 d), in the second observation, the horses were left together with the goats (16-30 d), and in the third observation, the horses were left alone again (31-45 d). In the first of these three stages, 12 different abnormal behaviors were detected in horses. The determined hours (00:00-01:00, 06:00-07:00, 07:00-08:00, 19:00-20:00, 20:00-21:00, 23:00-24:00 LT) of the day for abnormal behaviors identified in six different single-stall houses were examined. The frequency of the total abnormal behavior occurring at these hours was evaluated with nonparametric statistical tests. At the end of the research, front feet playing ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.002</mn></mrow> </math> ), crib-biting objects ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi><</mi> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ), and box walking ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi><</mi> <mn>0.001</mn></mrow> </math> ) behaviors were significantly affected positively by the goats, while there was no statistical difference in other abnormal behaviors ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi>></mi> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ). In conclusion, it can be said that goats positively affect some abnormal behaviors in horses but not others.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9850242/pdf/aab-66-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10587909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic challenges of neonatal adaptation in swine.","authors":"Benjamin Diehl, Michael Oster, Andreas Vernunft, Klaus Wimmers, Hartwig Bostedt","doi":"10.5194/aab-65-427-2022","DOIUrl":"10.5194/aab-65-427-2022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The losses of piglets in commercial pig farming remain at concerning levels and need to be addressed through the implementation of new sustainable breeding and management strategies. In fact, piglets are especially at risk in the first days of life. Both genetics and the farrowing process have been shown to impact piglet vitality. In addition, knowledge of the animal-intrinsic responses in adapting to extra-uterine life is particularly important but is scarcely described in the scientific literature. In this review, the three phases that constitute neonatal adaptation in the pig are systematically presented. The first phase of early adaptation involves primarily the development of cardiorespiratory function (within the first 10 min of life) as well as thermoregulatory processes and acid-base balance (up to 24 h of life). In the second phase, homeostasis is established, and organ maturation takes place (up to 14 d post natum). The final third phase aims at the development of neurological, immunological and muscular features (up to 28 d of life). The involvement of aggravating and ameliorating factors such as dystocia, low colostrum yield and heat supply is key to the development of strategies to reduce piglet losses and increase vitality. The insights are of particular value in addressing current concerns in pig farming and to further improve animal welfare in pig production across different management types.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"65 4","pages":"427-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9752711/pdf/aab-65-427.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10399980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}