Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Genetic polymorphism of the ovine MAP3K5 gene and its association with body size traits in Hu sheep of China","authors":"Xiaobin Yang, Weimin Wang, Deyin Zhang, Xiaolong Li, Yukun Zhang, Yuan Zhao, Liming Zhao, Jianghui Wang, Dan Xu, Jiangbo Cheng, Wenxin Li, Bubo Zhou, Changchun Lin, X. Zeng, R. Zhai, Zongwu Ma, Jia Liu, Panpan Cui, Xiaoxue Zhang","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-71-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-71-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. As an excellent local sheep breed in China, Hu sheep have the\u0000characteristics of producing more lambs and good motherhood. The purpose of\u0000this study was to identify the polymorphism of the mitogen-activated protein\u0000kinase 5 (MAP3K5) gene and determine whether it was associated with the body size\u0000traits (body height, body length, chest circumference, and cannon\u0000circumference) in Hu sheep. The polymorphism of MAP3K5 was identified by using PCR\u0000amplification, followed by Sanger sequencing, and KASPar (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) technology was used for genotyping subsequently. The results of the association analysis showed\u0000that MAP3K5 (g.205261 A > G) was significantly associated with body\u0000height at 80, 100, 140, 160, and 180 d; body length at 80 and 160 d;\u0000chest circumference at 100, 140, 160, and 180 d; and cannon circumference at\u0000100 and 120 d, respectively. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the\u0000expression level of MAP3K5 in the heart was significantly higher (P < 0.05)\u0000than in the other 10 tissues. In summary, the MAP3K5 mutation loci may be used as\u0000a candidate molecular marker for the body size traits of Hu sheep.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44714684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oxytocin added into sperm on artificial insemination in sheep","authors":"Ç. Kandemir","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-61-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-61-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The use of additional oxytocin hormones in reproductive methods began in the\u00001970s in Europe. In recent studies, attempts have been made to achieve more\u0000successful pregnancies by adding oxytocin to semen rather than administering\u0000oxytocin exogenously to females. In light of this information, this study\u0000aimed to understand the effects of adding low-dose oxytocin hormone into ram\u0000semen on the pregnancy rate and reproductive efficiency of sheep. Semen was\u0000collected from five Chios rams. The ejaculates were pooled and\u0000Ovixcell® was used as the diluent. The estrus was synchronized\u0000using an intravaginal sponge (Chrono-Gest®) from 122 Chios\u0000ewes. After the sponge was left in the vagina for 12 d, a 500 IU PMSG\u0000injection was made. In every sheep, intramuscular (IM) injections were inseminated by\u0000the intracervical method using an insemination gun 50 h after injection.\u0000Pregnancy results were obtained by ultrasound examination without practice.\u0000Lambing performance was recorded at delivery; 53 out of 122 Chios ewes were\u0000inseminated with oxytocin hormone content, and successful pregnancy was\u0000achieved in 90.56 % of them. In the insemination of the remaining 69\u0000sheep, oxytocin was not added, and the rate of successful pregnancy was\u000076.81 % (p=0.046). The overall success rate based on the insemination\u0000results of all the sheep was determined to be 82.77 %. In an examination\u0000of the pregnancy rate, one of the indicators of reproductive performance,\u0000the difference between the groups is statistically significant (p≤0.05). Higher pregnancies were obtained in insemination with semen fluid\u0000containing oxytocin.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47005619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex effect on the fatty acid profile and chemical composition of meat from beef cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet","authors":"E. O. C. Santana, R. R. Silva, J. I. Simionato, Geraldo Trindade Júnior, T. Lins, G. D. da Costa, B. M. C. Mesquita, H. Alba, G. D. de Carvalho","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-51-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-51-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sex on the chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and nutritional indexes of the Longissimus lumborum muscle of feedlot cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet. A total of 40 Nellore cattle were used, of which 20 animals were uncastrated bulls and 20 were heifers, with an average body weight of 411 ± 20.82 and 274 ± 17.80 kg, respectively. The diet was composed of 85 % whole shelled corn and 15 % protein–vitamin–mineral supplement. The chemical composition, fatty acid profile, and the nutritional value of the meat of the animals were evaluated. The chemical composition of the Longissimus lumborum muscle was similar among sexes (p>0.05). Differences were observed in the saturated (17 : 0, 18 : 0, and 21 : 0) and monounsaturated (16 : 1 cis-9, 17 : 1\u0000cis-10, 18 : 1 cis-9, and 18 : 1 trans-7) fatty acid composition between sexes (p<0.05), and the polyunsaturated fatty acid (18 : 2 cis-9 and cis-12, 18:2\u0000cis-9 and trans-11, 20 : 3 n-6, and 22 : 6 n-3) content also showed sex differences (p<0.05). The total number of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher in bulls, and the total number of monounsaturated fatty acids was higher in heifers (p<0.05). Indicators of nutritional quality, such as the n-6 : n-3 ratio, thrombogenicity index, and Δ-9-desaturase C14, Δ-9-desaturase C16, and Δ-9-desaturase C18 indexes, were different between the sexes (p<0.05). In conclusion, sex was not found to influence chemical composition but did affect the fatty acid profile and nutritional indexes in the meat of feedlot cattle fed a whole shelled corn diet.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43288692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary thyme and rosemary essential oils on performance parameters with lipid oxidation, water activity, pH, colour and microbial quality of breast and drumstick meats in broiler chickens.","authors":"Recep Gumus, Sevda U Gelen","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-17-2023","DOIUrl":"10.5194/aab-66-17-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was aimed at determining the effects of different doses of thyme essential oil (TEO) and rosemary essential oil (REO) incorporated into broiler rations on performance parameters, including body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate, as well as on the quality criteria of breast and drumstick meat. The study material comprised of 400 three-day-old male Ross 308 chicks, which were assigned to five groups, each of 80 broilers. Each group was divided into four sub-groups of 20 animals. In this study, the feed rations provided to the control group and groups TEO-150, TEO-300, REO-100 and REO-200 were supplemented with 0, 150 mg kg <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> TEO, 300 mg kg <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> TEO, 100 mg kg <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> REO and 200 mg kg <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> REO, respectively. Fattening performance parameters were statistically similar in the control group and all trial groups ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ). It was determined that, while dietary supplementation with TEO and REO significantly reduced total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) counts throughout storage in drumstick meat and on days 0 and 8 of storage in breast meat ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ), it showed variable effects on other microbial counts and during other time points in both breast meat and drumstick meat. Dietary supplementation with TEO and REO was ascertained not to affect the pH value of breast and drumstick meat and to show limited and variable effects on colour parameters and water activity throughout the storage period of breast and drumstick meat. In all groups supplemented with TEO and REO, the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels of drumstick meat were observed to have significantly decreased on days 0, 2 and 4 of storage ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ). As a result, dietary supplementation with TEO and REO was determined to have a limited effect on performance parameters, but to improve the microbial quality of meat.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"17-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9850245/pdf/aab-66-17.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of miR-369-3p in proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in Aohan fine-wool sheep.","authors":"Shijie Xue,&nbsp;Kaidong Liu,&nbsp;Le Zhao,&nbsp;Lisheng Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Gao,&nbsp;Lirong Liu,&nbsp;Nan Liu,&nbsp;Jianning He","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-93-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-93-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large class of non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. Our previous sequencing analysis revealed higher expression of miR-369-3p in the longissimus muscle of 2-month-old Aohan fine-wool sheep (AFWS) compared to 12-month-old sheep (<math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow></math>), suggesting that miR-369-3p may regulate fat deposition in AFWS. To test this, miR-369-3p mimics, inhibitors, and negative controls (NCs) were constructed and transfected into AFWS preadipocytes. After transfection with miR-369-3p mimics, we found a decrease (<math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow></math>) in the expression of genes and proteins related to cell proliferation and differentiation, detected by RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) and western blot analyses. Moreover, EdU (5-ethynyl-2<math><msup><mi></mi><mo>'</mo></msup></math>-deoxyuridine) detection and Oil Red O staining showed a decrease (<math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow></math>) in cell proliferation and lipid accumulation, respectively. The opposite trends (<math><mrow><mi>P</mi><mo><</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow></math>) were obtained after transfection with miR-369-3p inhibitors. In conclusion, the results showed that miR-369-3p can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of AFWS preadipocytes, providing a theoretical basis to further explore the molecular mechanism of fat deposition in sheep and other domestic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10294027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9792956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lin28B</i> overexpression decreases <i>let-7b</i> and <i>let-7g</i> levels and increases proliferation and estrogen secretion in Dolang sheep ovarian granulosa cells.","authors":"Zhiyuan Sui,&nbsp;Yongjie Zhang,&nbsp;Zhishuai Zhang,&nbsp;Chenguang Wang,&nbsp;Xiaojun Li,&nbsp;Feng Xing","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-217-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-217-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although ovine puberty initiation has been previously studied, the mechanism by which the RNA-binding protein Lin28B affects this process has not been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of <i>Lin28B</i> overexpression on <i>let-7b</i>, <i>let-7g</i>, cell proliferation, and estrogen secretion in Dolang sheep ovine ovarian granulosa cells. In this study, a <i>Lin28B</i> vector was constructed and transfected into ovarian granulosa cells using liposomes. After 24, 48, and 72 h of overexpression, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used for measuring <i>let-7b</i> and <i>let-7g</i> microRNA (miRNA) levels, and estrogen secretion was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) kit was used for evaluating cell viability and proliferation in response to <i>Lin28B</i> overexpression at 24 h. The results showed that the expression of <i>let-7b</i> and <i>let-7g</i> decreased significantly after <i>Lin28B</i> overexpression, and the difference was consistent over different periods. The result of ELISA showed that estradiol (E2) levels significantly increased following <i>Lin28B</i> overexpression. Additionally, <i>Lin28B</i> overexpression significantly increased the cell viability and proliferation. Therefore, the <i>Lin28B</i>-let-7 family axis may play a key role in the initiation of female ovine puberty.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 3","pages":"217-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of semen parameters from Fleckvieh-Simmental bulls and the influence of age and season of collection.","authors":"Radek Filipčík,&nbsp;Zuzana Rečková,&nbsp;Vojtěch Pešan,&nbsp;Oleksandra Konoval,&nbsp;Tomáš Kopec","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-113-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-113-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper was to evaluate semen parameters from Czech Fleckvieh (dual-purpose breed) bulls used in artificial insemination in the Fleckvieh population. The ejaculate was collected from bulls only once a week, which is not usual. Respectively, the effects of age and season of collection on semen parameters were tested. The average volume of ejaculate by Fleckvieh bulls was 8.72 mL, which is higher than results in studies of bulls which were collected usually more than once a week. The average total motility was 72.82 % and progressive motility was 67.99 %. Sperm concentration reached on average <math><mrow><mn>1254.10</mn> <mo>×</mo> <msup><mn>10</mn> <mn>6</mn></msup> </mrow> </math>   <math> <mrow><msup><mi>mL</mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math> . The total motility of spermatozoa after thawing was 40.88 %. A significant influence of age was observed on ejaculate volume, total and progressive motility, and total motility after thawing ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ). The season of collection had a significant influence on the volume of ejaculate, total motility, progressive motility, concentration of spermatozoa, and total count of spermatozoa ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ).</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10015258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9498347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of genetic diversity among native Algerian rabbit populations using microsatellite markers.","authors":"Abdelbaki Bouhali,&nbsp;Abdelkader Homrani,&nbsp;Nuno Ferrand,&nbsp;Susana Lopes,&nbsp;Ahmed Mostafa Emam","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-207-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-207-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Having higher adaptability against abiotic stress, which is characterized in rural areas in developing countries, local farm animal genetic resources (FAGRs) are increasingly precarious for random and unsystematic crossing with exotic breeds. In this study, 85 microsatellite loci were utilized to assess genetic diversity among native Algerian rabbits (NARs) sampled from an area of 753 km (from north to south) and 919 km (from east to west). Those distances covered 25 significant geographical points in seven rural areas (El Taref, Mostaganem, Sidi Bel Abbès, M'Sila, Dar Chioukh, Faidh El Botma, and Laghouat). A total of 558 alleles were observed in this study. The highest genetic diversity was registered in the southern direction among NAR populations. The mean number of alleles per locus (MNa) and the inbreeding coefficient (<math><mrow><msub><mi>F</mi><mi>IS</mi></msub></mrow></math>) were highest in Laghouat (4.482 and 0.232), while they were lowest in El Taref (4.000 and 0.149). In the current study, the number of private alleles (Pa) ranged from 9 to 23. In addition, the average of observed heterozygosity (0.427) was lower than the expected value (0.524) due to high levels of inbreeding. The discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), the neighbor-joining tree (NJ), and the analysis of STRUCTURE software confirmed the classification of populations according to geographical zones into four main groups (east, west, south, and middle). The results of the current study are useful for breeding improvement and conservation plan research in relation to local animal genetic resources in Algeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 3","pages":"207-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10407306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association analysis of melanophilin (<i>MLPH</i>) gene expression and polymorphism with plumage color in quail.","authors":"Zhiwen Yuan,&nbsp;Xiaohui Zhang,&nbsp;Youzhi Pang,&nbsp;Yanxia Qi,&nbsp;Qiankun Wang,&nbsp;Yunqi Hu,&nbsp;Yiwei Zhao,&nbsp;Shiwei Ren,&nbsp;Linke Huo","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-131-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-131-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explore the relationship between the melanophilin (<i>MLPH</i>) gene and quail plumage color and provide a reference for subsequent quail plumage color breeding. In this experiment, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) technology was used to analyze the relative mRNA expression levels of Korean quail (maroon) and Beijing white quail embryos at different developmental stages. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the <i>MLPH</i> gene were screened based on the RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data of skin tissues of Korean quail and Beijing white quail during the embryonic stage. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) technology was used for genotyping in the resource population, and correlation analysis was carried out with the plumage color traits of quail. Finally, bioinformatics was used to predict the effects of these two SNPs on the structure and function of the encoded protein. The results showed that the expression level of the <i>MLPH</i> gene during embryonic development of Beijing white quail was significantly higher than that of Korean quail ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mi><</mi> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ). The frequency distribution of the three genotypes (CC, CA and AA) of the Beijing white quail at the c.1807C  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A mutation site was significantly different from that of the Korean quail ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mi><</mi> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ). The frequency distribution of the three genotypes (GG, GA and AA) of the Beijing white quail at the c.2129G  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A mutation site was significantly different from that of the Korean quail ( <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mi><</mi> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ). And there was a significant correlation between the c.1807C  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A mutation site and the white plumage phenotype. Bioinformatics showed that SNP1 (c.1807C  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A) was a neutral mutation and that SNP2 (c.2129G  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A) was a deleterious mutation. The prediction of protein conservation showed that the mutation sites of coding proteins R603S and G710D caused by SNP1 (c.1807C  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A) and SNP2 (c.2129G  <math><mi>></mi></math>  A) were highly conserved.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"131-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9392975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro rumen fermentation pattern: insights from concentrate level and plant oil supplement.","authors":"Shahryar Kargar,&nbsp;Golnaz Taasoli,&nbsp;Amir Akhlaghi,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Zamiri","doi":"10.5194/aab-66-1-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-66-1-2023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The addition of oil to ruminant diets and oil fatty acid profiles are major factors that negatively affect ruminal fermentation, while increased forage level attenuates the adverse effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of oil source supplementation and concentrate level in the diet on in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics. Pomegranate, garlic or sunflower oils were added (2 % dry matter (DM) basis) to the diets containing 40 % or 60 % (DM basis) concentrates. In vitro gas production parameters, pH, ammonia nitrogen concentration and total protozoa count were measured. Additionally, metabolizable energy (ME), short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were determined. Rumen fermentation parameters and protozoal population counts were analyzed as a completely randomized design with a 2  <math><mo>×</mo></math>  3 factorial arrangement of treatments, and gas production parameters were analyzed as a 2  <math><mo>×</mo></math>  3 factorial arrangement in a randomized block design. The results showed that the HCPO (high (60 %) concentrate diet containing pomegranate oil) and HCSO (high (60 %) concentrate diet containing sunflower oil) diets produced the highest (5.40 mg dL <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> ) and lowest (2.61 mg dL <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> ) concentrations of NH <math><msub><mi></mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> </math> -N ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi>></mi> <mn>0.01</mn></mrow> </math> ), respectively. Total protozoa count tended ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.07</mn></mrow> </math> ) to be highest in HCPO and lowest in HCSO diets (5.10 vs. 4.81 Log 10 g <math><msup><mi></mi> <mrow><mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn></mrow> </msup> </math> digesta). No interaction effects between the concentrate level and oil source were found on in vitro gas production parameters, pH, estimated ME, SCFA and OMD, and <i>Entodinium</i> and <i>Diplodinium</i> populations ( <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi>></mi> <mn>0.05</mn></mrow> </math> ). It is concluded that dietary supplementation with highly unsaturated oil from three different sources at 2 % level (DM basis) had no apparent effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":55481,"journal":{"name":"Archiv Fur Tierzucht-Archives of Animal Breeding","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9850243/pdf/aab-66-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10574280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}