Australian Occupational Therapy Journal最新文献

{"title":"Exploring occupational therapy practice in Australian residential aged care facilities: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Donna Rooney,&nbsp;Tammy Aplin,&nbsp;Sally Bennett,&nbsp;Dorcas Simin Gui,&nbsp;Theresa Scott","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12943","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12943","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational therapy in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) can enhance residents' occupational engagement and wellbeing. However, industry reports suggest that occupational therapists in Australian RACFs have mostly provided physical therapies such as pain management via massage and not addressed residents' occupations. There is limited literature on what constitutes occupational therapists' practice in RACFs to inform policy and practice. The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to explore practice patterns of occupational therapists working in Australian RACFs and influences on their practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational therapists working in Australian RACFs were invited from July 2019 to March 2020 to complete a self-report online questionnaire via email and advertisements on industry websites, newsletters, and social media. The questionnaire asked therapists about their caseload, referrals, assessments, and interventions. Data were analysed descriptively and presented as frequencies and percentages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 214 occupational therapists completed the survey. Occupational therapists' daily practice largely focussed on pain management; other areas of practice included falls prevention, pressure care, and mobility. The Aged Care Funding Instrument in place at the time of the survey was identified as the leading factor influencing therapists' choice of assessments and interventions. Organisational policies and procedures were also perceived as key factors influencing occupational therapy practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper highlights the influence of government funding and organisational policies in limiting occupational therapists' scope of practice and their ability to fully address the occupational needs of residents. Occupational therapists and the profession in general should be aware of factors in aged care funding models, and their application, that restrict occupational therapy practice and inhibit residents' function and advocate for change where needed. With the introduction of the Australian National Aged Care Classification funding model replacing Aged Care Funding Instrument, future research should explore potential changes to therapists practice following the implementation of the new funding model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12943","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Being in a meaningful context. Nature and animal-assisted activities as perceived by adults with autism","authors":"A. Birgitta Gunnarsson,&nbsp;Ingrid Edvardsson Aurin,&nbsp;Sara Holmberg","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12940","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12940","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Animal-assisted and nature-based interventions in psychosocial treatment for various groups of clients have been studied internationally. However, there is little knowledge about how young adults with autism experience participation in such types of interventions. This clinical study aimed to describe the feasibility of animal-assisted and nature-based activities on a farm as a complementary intervention for young adults with autism and social withdrawal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The participants were aged 18–30 years, diagnosed with autism and social withdrawal, with no organised occupation during the previous year. Eleven of 13 participants completed a 12-week intervention in small groups. They took part in interviews before and after, which focused on their current life situation and expectations about, and experiences of the intervention. The feasibility was described in terms of participants' characteristics, attendance, and their experiences of participating in the activity. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and community involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intervention was formed in collaboration with participating supervisors, ordinary clinical staff, and a young woman with a user perspective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The level of feasibility was found to be high. The mean participation rate during the activity days was 75% and varied from 50 to 100%. The analysis of the participants' experiences from the activity generated three categories, “Being in a meaningful context”, “Creating a comfort zone” and “Developing structure in everyday life”, and each of these included sub-categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The main categories revealed a dynamic process based in meaningfulness, comfort and structure in everyday life. The positive experiences of undemanding activities, emotional relationships and non-verbal communication with the horses were prominent and might facilitate the development of social interaction. However, the intervention's timeframe of 12 weeks was experienced as too short for long-lasting change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12940","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review into the service needs of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds living with disability to engage in meaningful occupations","authors":"Natalie Chu,&nbsp;Jacqueline Pho,&nbsp;Leigha Dark,&nbsp;Aidan Tan,&nbsp;Stewart Alford,&nbsp;Clarice Y. Tang,&nbsp;Caroline Ellison,&nbsp;David Lim","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12938","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12938","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although there is a large proportion of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds within Australia, their rate of access to disability services is disproportionately low. This review aims to understand the service needs of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with disability to facilitate engagement in meaningful occupations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework was employed. Ten databases were searched for Australian studies. A deductive content analysis framework was applied in the synthesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fourteen papers were included. Themes that emerged include language and cultural needs and considerations, which highlights the need for information sharing to take account of intergenerational, intercultural and sociolinguistic differences. It also identified the need for improved training and skills of existing interpreters. Culturally competent and responsive services was another theme identified, which emphasised the need to enhance the workforces' understanding of cultural practices. There is also a strong call for a more culturally diverse workforce to reduce the use of some interpreters and to build a more culturally competent workforce. The last theme was responsive service delivery, which requires the governance to support the development of a nurturing trusting therapeutic relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Service providers should be trained on the inequities and intersectionality of this population. Further research is required to explore current disability policy in Australia with an intersectionality lens to ensure recommendations can be made to address barriers and ensure this population receives services in a manner that enhances their ability to engage in occupations meaningfully.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139742781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student-led activities of daily living group program in a hospital inpatient rehabilitation setting","authors":"Dione Miller,&nbsp;Sarah Mugridge,&nbsp;Meagan Elder,&nbsp;Megan Holt,&nbsp;Karen P. Y. Liu","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12937","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12937","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational therapists have vital roles in inpatient rehabilitation to focus on independence in activities of daily living. Occupational therapy interventions are uniquely designed to address goals of service users and can be delivered individually or in group formats. Group interventions promote service users' mutual support and enable therapists to increase frequency and intensity of service provision. Student-led programs have become an attractive model, benefiting students while providing positive treatment outcomes for service users. There is an emerging body of literature that explores service users' and students' satisfaction with student-led group models of practice within inpatient rehabilitation and occupational performance outcomes of service users participating in student-led programs. This study aimed to explore the satisfaction of service users and students in addition to the self-reported occupational performance outcomes of a student-led activities of daily living group program in inpatient rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 33 service users and seven students were collected retrospectively. The intervention involved a student-led activities of daily living group program, consisting of three groups: breakfast, morning tea, and home readiness group. All service users and students completed unique satisfaction surveys at the conclusion of their participation in the student-led program. Service users completed a self-reported activities of daily living performance measure pre- and post-program. Findings were reported in descriptive statistics, and pre- and post-program data were compared with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All students were satisfied with the student-led program. Majority of service users were satisfied with all components of the student-led program. Median scores for self-reported performance increased significantly following the student-led program (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlighted that service users and students were satisfied with the service delivery of a student-led activities of daily living group program. The program was effective in addressing self-reported performance for service users in inpatient rehabilitation. The findings from this study have potential to inform clinical practice on the implementation of student-led programs in occupational therapy settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139713406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A commitment to partnering with people with lived experience: Beginning conversations by exploring preferred language","authors":"Tammy Aplin,&nbsp;Mark Russi,&nbsp;Emma Bryant,&nbsp;Dennis Frost,&nbsp;Maureen Ah Sam,&nbsp;Charles Lund,&nbsp;Emily Ong,&nbsp;Laura Listopad,&nbsp;Jacki Liddle","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12934","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12934","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reflecting the value of consumer leadership and participation in research, it is now expected practice in occupational therapy research to partner with people with lived experience. In line with the expectations of those we work with and the values of the profession, the Australian Occupational Therapy Journal is committed to enhancing consumer engagement. The 2022 special issue ‘Partnering with consumers in care, research, and education’ which sought to spotlight co-designed research, practice, and education was an initial step in moving towards enhanced partnership. Following this, the journal's editorial board wanted to ensure future strategies to enhance consumer engagement were generated and decided by people with lived experience. The editorial board then partnered with a group of people with living/lived experience of disability, occupational therapy service use, health-care use and/or caring experience in a research project to develop and prioritise strategies the journal should enact. This research, which will be documented in a future paper, involved several rounds of discussion and a consensus technique with 10 consumer researchers resulting in four prioritised larger strategies and a number of smaller strategies, some of which have already been implemented in the journal. For example, the author guidelines now include the requirement that submitted articles' abstracts include a statement outlining how consumer and communities were partnered with or involved in the research, and plain English summaries will be introduced soon as a requirement of submission.</p><p>One key issue raised within these conversations illustrated the complexity of language in discussing these partnerships and engagement. Within occupational therapy research and dissemination, the language of lived experience is vital to reflect upon. Language is important because words have power—they reflect attitudes, express feelings, and influence societal perceptions, public policy, practice, and research (Ferrigon, <span>2019</span>; Vivanti, <span>2020</span>). Critically, there is a not a single preferred term, and everyone involved in the conversations about language found the discussion and exploration interesting and helpful. This suggested we needed to begin enacting the journal's commitment and action to exploring language and preferred terms. Throughout this editorial, varying terms have been used to refer to people with whom occupational therapists work. These are reflective of the range of terms the consumer researchers identified as personally preferred. These terms included ‘person with lived experience’, ‘person with living experience’, ‘expert by experience’, ‘person living with impairment’, ‘consumer’, ‘health consumer’, ‘occupational therapy service user’, ‘service consumer’, ‘consumer or patient advocate’, ‘patient’, ‘client’, and ‘participant’. The term ‘living experience’ was preferred over ‘lived experience’ by one consumer researcher as lived expe","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teacher–therapist collaboration in inclusive primary schools: A scoping review","authors":"Jill Jeremy,&nbsp;Ilektra Spandagou,&nbsp;Joanne Hinitt","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12931","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12931","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inclusive school environments require collaboration between teachers and allied health professionals to promote student access and participation. Collaboration is a complex phenomenon with no universally accepted definition or measurement and with many challenges to effective practice. The purpose of this scoping review is to describe what is known about interprofessional collaboration between teachers and therapists in inclusive primary schools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A scoping review of health and education literature was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Peer-reviewed articles reporting on empirical studies with a focus on collaboration between teachers and school-based occupational therapists or speech and language therapists in inclusive primary schools were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results summarise how collaboration is reported in the literature. Numerical and descriptive summaries describe how collaboration is defined and measured, the challenges to collaborative practice, the structures required to support effective practice, and the outcomes of such practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Definitions vary between studies and disciplines but contain common elements. For effective practice, the purpose of the collaboration must be clear, and the intended outcomes of the collaboration are measured. Measurement of collaboration requires further research using tools developed from robust theoretical frameworks and validated within the educational context and with professionals of different disciplines. Consistent measurement tools would allow cross-study comparisons. Barriers to collaborative practice are well documented; thus, future research should be directed to examining effective practice, investigating how professionals circumvent obstacles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seeking consensus on a play-based intervention framework for promoting play of children with HIV/Aids in a low-resourced setting: A Delphi study","authors":"Nyaradzai Munambah,&nbsp;Elelwani L. Ramugondo,&nbsp;Tracy Collins,&nbsp;Reinie Cordier","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12936","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12936","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Implementing occupation-based practice in low-resourced settings can be challenging especially when working with children with HIV/Aids whose daily occupation of play is often affected by their health condition and other contextual factors such as poverty or stigma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this paper is to obtain consensus from experts on the content and application of a play-based intervention for children with HIV/Aids living in a low-resourced setting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A Delphi study involving two rounds using an online survey format was conducted with experts from the field of child development, play and/or HIV/Aids. Consensus agreement was reached when at least 70% of Delphi experts rated each item at 3 or higher on a 5-point Likert scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Consumer and Community Involvement</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper is part of a multi-stage study that involved input and feedback from families of children who were born HIV/Aids, occupational therapists working with families of children with HIV/Aids, and input from local and international experts working with people with HIV/Aids.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-seven experts completed the first round, and 35 completed the second round of the study. Consensus was achieved on the application of the Cooper's Model of Children's Play, techniques to be used and the structure of the intervention. Experts also agreed on the inclusion of a pre-intervention workshop as part of the play-based intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The consensus on the content and application of a play-based intervention framework through a process of gaining expert perspectives provides confidence that the intervention planned to promote play for children with HIV/Aids living in low-resourced settings is likely to be effective.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of wheelchair cushion properties on the microclimate at the cushion-user interface: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Lisa Couzens,&nbsp;Benjamin Peterson,&nbsp;Ev Innes,&nbsp;Christopher J. Stevens","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12932","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12932","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pressure injuries are a preventable yet highly prevalent health concern. Wheelchair cushion prescription can have significant implications for wheelchair users' risk of pressure injury development, which can impact functional abilities and quality of life. The efficacy of a wheelchair cushion to redistribute pressure has been well-researched, but the efficacy to manage the microclimate is less clear, particularly in warm-hot environments. The aim of this study was to systematically review studies examining the effect of wheelchair cushions on temperature, moisture and thermal perception to determine which cushions are superior to improve these responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review with meta-analyses of randomised cross-over and randomised control trials of wheelchair cushion interventions on measures of temperature, moisture, and thermal perception was conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight studies were identified that met the eligibility criteria and six meta-analyses were conducted. Pooled analyses identified a significantly lower temperature on foam-gel cushions compared to air cushions (MD = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.31, 1.29; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and a significantly lower temperature on foam-gel cushions compared to foam cushions (SMD = 0.76, 95%CI; 0.45, 1.06; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.00001). Pooled analyses also demonstrated significantly lower relative humidity (i.e., moisture) on foam cushions compared to foam-gel cushions (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Differences in thermal perception were inconclusive due to limited data found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is clear that not one cushion is ideal in managing all aspects of microclimate, as foam-gel cushions were the superior cushion to manage temperature and foam cushions were the superior cushion to manage moisture. This article provides occupational therapists and other health professionals with evidence-based information to assist with wheelchair cushion prescription that minimises the temperature and moisture accumulation, and associated risk of pressure injury for wheelchair users.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139665961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory processing in children with Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome","authors":"Michelle J. Newby,&nbsp;Shelly J. Lane,&nbsp;Kirsti Haracz,&nbsp;Janice Tona,&nbsp;Kerrin Palazzi,&nbsp;David Lambkin","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12935","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12935","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research indicates that children with Paediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) experience sensory reactivity differences that impact occupational performance. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in sensory reactivity in these children across two different time points; during exacerbation and during remission, using the Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) Home-Form. The study also sought to investigate whether children with PANS experience sensory differences during remission periods, when compared with SPM Home-Form norms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A two-period bidirectional case-crossover design was used, and an online assessment was conducted to measure sensory reactivity. Parents of children aged 4.6 to 13.1 years with a diagnosis of PANS were recruited from various sites across Australia, USA, England, Ireland, Scotland, Canada, and New Zealand. The SPM Home-Form was used to measure sensory reactivity at two time points, when PANS was in remission (T-R) and in exacerbation (T-E). Study entry was permitted at either T-E or T-R. Participant exacerbation status was monitored over a maximum 12-month period, and a follow-up SPM Home-Form was sent when a change in exacerbation status was indicated. A linear mixed model was used to assess the difference between SPM Home-Form norm-referenced scores during exacerbation and remission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 82 participants, with 80 providing data at study entry, and 27 providing data at follow-up. Results showed a statistically significant decline in performance across the SPM Home-Form domains of Hearing, Social Participation, Planning and Ideas, and Total Sensory Systems T-scores during exacerbation when compared with remission data. Results also demonstrated atypical sensory reactivity across Vision, Hearing, Touch, Balance and Motion, and Total Sensory Systems domains during periods of remission compared with SPM Home-Form norms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study found that children with PANS experience significant sensory reactivity differences during exacerbation and remission across multiple sensory domains, with a decline in performance during exacerbation. Where there are occupational performance challenges, occupational therapists should consider administering sensory assessments so that effective intervention plans addressing the unique sensory reactivity needs of children with PANS can be developed.</p>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12935","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139572220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational therapy with patients in forensic solitary confinement: A qualitative study","authors":"Lorrae Mynard,&nbsp;Annette Joosten,&nbsp;Ayesha D'Souza,&nbsp;Danielle Ashley,&nbsp;Susan Darzins","doi":"10.1111/1440-1630.12930","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1440-1630.12930","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occupational therapists work with forensic mental health patients in solitary confinement to counter impacts of mental illness and occupational deprivation, to promote well-being and support transition to less restricted environments. There is little literature describing occupational therapy in this context. This study aimed to explore and describe the work, context and professional reasoning of occupational therapists working in solitary confinement settings within a large forensic mental health service in Victoria, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative design used semi-structured interviews with 11 occupational therapists and reflexive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three central organising themes, <i>it's all about risk</i>, <i>the work we do</i> and <i>why we do what we do</i>, provided rich description of the context and work of occupational therapists in solitary confinement settings, including approaches used to engage patients in occupation and how the Model of Human Occupation and recovery principles informed their professional reasoning. Despite the setting restrictions, participants engaged in core elements of the occupational therapy practice process and described creative work that offered patients choice and meaningful occupation. They described occupational enrichment to address occupational deprivation and create opportunities for change within the highly restrictive and risk-focussed environment of solitary confinement. Assessment was mainly unstructured, and the need for better evaluation of therapy outcomes acknowledged. Goal setting often focussed on immediate needs. Working in a risk-focussed environment influenced participants' professional reasoning and work with patients, and while they advocated for occupational opportunities for patients, frustration was experienced in response to limits to occupational therapy involvement in risk assessment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings address a gap in the literature about the work of occupational therapists in forensic solitary confinement. Though participants' reasoning was informed by occupational and recovery principles, and they described working in occupation-based ways, they did not always articulate explicit connections between theory and practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55418,"journal":{"name":"Australian Occupational Therapy Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1440-1630.12930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139522263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}