Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical最新文献_第7页

Interoceptive signals from the heart and coronary circulation in health and disease 健康和疾病中来自心脏和冠状循环的互感信号

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103180

Jonathan P. Moore

{"title":"Interoceptive signals from the heart and coronary circulation in health and disease","authors":"Jonathan P. Moore","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review considers interoceptive signalling from the heart and coronary circulation. Vagal and cardiac sympathetic afferent sensory nerve endings are distributed throughout the atria, ventricles (mainly left), and coronary artery. A small proportion of cardiac receptors attached to thick myelinated vagal afferents are tonically active during the cardiac cycle. Dependent upon location, these mechanoreceptors detect fluctuations in atrial volume and coronary arterial perfusion. Atrial volume and coronary arterial signals contribute to beat-to-beat feedback control and physiological homeostasis. Most cardiac receptors are attached to thinly myelinated or nonmyelinated C fibres, many of which are unresponsive to the cardiac cycle. Of these, there are many chemically sensitive cardiac receptors which are activated during myocardial stress by locally released endogenous substances. In contrast, some tonically inactive receptors become activated by irregular ventricular wall mechanics or by distortion of the ischaemic myocardium. Furthermore, some are excited both by chemical mediators of ischaemia and wall abnormalities. Reflex responses arising from cardiac receptors attached to thinly myelinated or nonmyelinated are complex. Impulses that project centrally through vagal afferents elicit sympathoinhibition and hypotension, whereas impulses travelling in cardiac sympathetic afferents and spinal pathways elicit sympathoexcitation and hypertension. Two opposing cardiac reflexes may provide a mechanism for fine-tuning a composite haemodynamic response during myocardial stress. Sympathetic afferents provide the primary pathway for transmission of cardiac nociception to the central nervous system. However, activation of sympathetic afferents may increase susceptibility to life-threatening arrhythmias. Notably, the cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex predominates in pathophysiological states including hypertension and heart failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anticipating noxious stimulation rather than afferent nociceptive input may evoke pupil asymmetry 预期有害刺激而非传入痛觉输入可能会诱发瞳孔不对称

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103179

Peter D. Drummond

{"title":"Anticipating noxious stimulation rather than afferent nociceptive input may evoke pupil asymmetry","authors":"Peter D. Drummond","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unilateral nociceptive stimulation is associated with subtle signs of pupil asymmetry that may reflect lateralized activity in the locus coeruleus. To explore drivers of this pupil asymmetry, electrical stimuli, delivered alone or 200 ms before or after an acoustic startle stimulus, were administered to one ankle under four experimental conditions: with or without a 1.6 s anticipatory period, or while the forearm ipsilateral or contralateral to the electrical stimulus was heated tonically to induce moderate pain (15 healthy participants in each condition). Pupil diameter was measured at the start of each trial, at stimulus delivery, and each second for 5 s after stimulus delivery. At the start of the first trial, the pupil ipsilateral to the side on which electric shocks were later delivered was larger than the contralateral pupil. Both pupils dilated robustly during the anticipatory period and dilated further during single- and dual-stimulus trials. However, pupil asymmetry persisted throughout the experiment. Tonically-applied forearm heat-pain modulated the pupillary response to phasic electrical stimuli, with a slight trend for dilatation to be greater contralateral to the forearm being heated. Together, these findings suggest that focusing anxiously on the expected site of noxious stimulation was associated with dilatation of the ipsilateral pupil whereas phasic nociceptive stimuli and psychological arousal triggered bilateral pupillary dilatation. It was concluded that preparatory cognitive activity rather than phasic afferent nociceptive input is associated with pupillary signs of lateralized activity in the locus coeruleus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S156607022400033X/pdfft?md5=21513025dc81f1652e126082e9632970&pid=1-s2.0-S156607022400033X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tributyltin (TBT) toxicity: Effects on enteric neuronal plasticity and intestinal barrier of rats' duodenum 三丁基锡（TBT）毒性：对大鼠十二指肠肠道神经元可塑性和肠道屏障的影响

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103176

I.C.C.S. Oliveira , G.P. Marinsek , L.V.B. Correia , R.C.B. da Silva , I.B. Castro , R.B. Mari

{"title":"Tributyltin (TBT) toxicity: Effects on enteric neuronal plasticity and intestinal barrier of rats' duodenum","authors":"I.C.C.S. Oliveira , G.P. Marinsek , L.V.B. Correia , R.C.B. da Silva , I.B. Castro , R.B. Mari","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tributyltin (TBT) is a biocide used in the formulation of antifouling paints and it is highly harmful. Despite the ban, the compound persists in the environment, contaminating marine foodstuffs and household products. Therefore, considering the route of exposure to the contaminant, the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) acts as an important barrier against harmful substances and is a potential biomarker for understanding the consequences of these agents. This work aimed to evaluate histological and neuronal alterations in the duodenum of male Wistar rats that received 20 ng/g TBT and 600 ng/g via gavage for 30 consecutive days. After the experimental period, the animals were euthanized, and the duodenum was intended for neuronal histochemistry (total and metabolically active populations) and histological routine (morphometry and histopathology). The results showed more severe changes in neuronal density and intestinal morphometry in rats exposed to 20 ng/g, such as total neuronal density decrease and reduction of intestinal layers. In rats exposed to 600 ng/g of TBT, it was possible to observe only an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes. We conclude that TBT can be more harmful to intestinal homeostasis when consumed in lower concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of oral administration of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on anxiety-related behaviors and colonic hypercontractility in repeated stress-induced mice 口服 5-HT3 受体拮抗剂昂丹司琼对反复应激诱导小鼠焦虑相关行为和结肠过度收缩的影响

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103178

Affan Waemong , Sarunnuch Sattayachiti , Dania Cheaha , Nipaporn Konthapakdee

{"title":"Effects of oral administration of ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, on anxiety-related behaviors and colonic hypercontractility in repeated stress-induced mice","authors":"Affan Waemong , Sarunnuch Sattayachiti , Dania Cheaha , Nipaporn Konthapakdee","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Chronic psychological stress develops and exacerbates irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) via activation of intestinal 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptors involves impairment of intestinal functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ondansetron, a 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptor antagonist, on locomotor activity, anxiety-related behaviors, and colonic functions in repeated water avoidance stress.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>Food intake and fecal pellet output (FPO) of sham stress (SS), water avoidance stress (WS), and water avoidance stress with oral administration of ondansetron (1 mg/kg BW) (WA) groups were monitored along the water avoidance stress protocol for 10 consecutive days. On day 11, locomotor activity and anxiety-related behaviors were determined using an open field test. Contractile properties of colonic tissues in response to KCl and a cumulative dose of carbachol (CCh) were determined using in vitro organ bath technique.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FPO was significantly increased in the WS group after 7 days of water avoidance stress, which was reversed in WA group. WS group decreased unsupported rearing behavior compared to WS group, which was not altered in the WA group. The colon of the WS group had a higher tonic contraction in response to CCh than the SS and WA groups, which was reversed with ondansetron pre-incubation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Oral administration of ondansetron prevented increased FPO but did not affect anxiety-related behavior in repeated stress model. Colonic hypercontractility in the stressed mice was related to increased responses to cholinergic-induced contractions, which involved 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptors. Our findings suggest the modulatory roles of 5-HT<sub>3</sub> receptors to mediate stress-induced colonic dysfunction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voluntary wheel running as a promising strategy to promote autonomic resilience to social stress in females: Vagal tone lies at the heart of the matter 自愿轮跑是促进女性自律神经对社会压力恢复能力的一种有前途的策略：迷走神经张力是问题的核心

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103175

Brittany S. Pate , Cora E. Smiley , Evelynn N. Harrington , B. Hunter Bielicki , J. Mark Davis , Lawrence P. Reagan , Claudia A. Grillo , Susan K. Wood

{"title":"Voluntary wheel running as a promising strategy to promote autonomic resilience to social stress in females: Vagal tone lies at the heart of the matter","authors":"Brittany S. Pate , Cora E. Smiley , Evelynn N. Harrington , B. Hunter Bielicki , J. Mark Davis , Lawrence P. Reagan , Claudia A. Grillo , Susan K. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social stress is a major risk factor for comorbid conditions including cardiovascular disease and depression. While women exhibit 2–3× the risk for these stress-related disorders compared to men, the mechanisms underlying heightened stress susceptibility among females remain largely unknown. Due to a lack in understanding of the pathophysiology underlying stress-induced comorbidities among women, there has been a significant challenge in developing effective therapeutics. Recently, a causal role for inflammation has been established in the onset and progression of comorbid cardiovascular disease/depression, with women exhibiting increased sensitivity to stress-induced immune signaling. Importantly, reduced vagal tone is also implicated in stress susceptibility, through a reduction in the vagus nerve's well-recognized anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, examining therapeutic strategies that stabilize vagal tone during stress may shed light on novel targets for promoting stress resilience among women. Recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that physical activity exerts cardio- and neuro-protective effects by enhancing vagal tone. Based on this evidence, this mini review provides an overview of comorbid cardiovascular and behavioral dysfunction in females, the role of inflammation in these disorders, how stress may impart its negative effects on the vagus nerve, and how exercise may act as a preventative. Further, we highlight a critical gap in the literature with regard to the study of females in this field. This review also presents novel data that are the first to demonstrate a protective role for voluntary wheel running over vagal tone and biomarkers of cardiac dysfunction in the face of social stress exposure in female rats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Localization of sensory nerve terminals containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus: Evidence for triple innervation via motor endplates 大鼠食管横纹肌纤维上含有降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP) 的感觉神经末梢定位：通过运动终板进行三重神经支配的证据

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103177

Hirofumi Kuramoto , Mana Yabe , Ryo Morishita , Ryoichi Yoshimura , Hiroshi Sakamoto

{"title":"Localization of sensory nerve terminals containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus: Evidence for triple innervation via motor endplates","authors":"Hirofumi Kuramoto , Mana Yabe , Ryo Morishita , Ryoichi Yoshimura , Hiroshi Sakamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Many esophageal striated muscles of mammals are dually innervated by the vagal and enteric nerves. Recently, substance P (SP)-sensory nerve terminals with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were found on a few striated muscle fibers in the rat esophagus, implying that these muscle fibers are triply innervated. In this study, we examined the localization and origin of CGRP-nerve endings in striated muscles to consider their possible roles in the esophagus regarding triple innervation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Wholemounts of the rat esophagus were immunolabeled to detect CGRP-nerve endings in striated muscles. Also, retrograde tracing was performed by injecting Fast Blue (FB) into the esophagus, and cryostat sections of the medulla oblongata, nodose ganglion (NG), and the tenth thoracic (T10) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were immunostained to identify the origin of the CGRP-nerve endings.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>CGRP-fine, varicose nerve endings were localized in motor endplates on a few esophageal striated muscle fibers (4 %), most of which received nitric oxide (NO) synthase nerve terminals, and most of the CGRP nerve endings were SP- and transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1)-positive. Retrograde tracing showed many FB-labeled CGRP-neurons positive for SP and TRPV1 in the NG and T10 DGR.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study suggests that the CGRP-varicose nerve endings containing SP and TRPV1 in motor endplates are sensory, and a few esophageal striated muscle fibers are triply innervated. The nerve endings may detect acetylcholine-derived acetic acid from the vagal motor nerve endings and NO from esophageal intrinsic nerve terminals in the motor endplates to regulate esophageal motility.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140558402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal prevalence of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in the idiopathic Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort 特发性帕金森病进展标志物倡议（PPMI）队列中神经源性正张力性低血压的纵向患病率

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103173

Paul Beach , J. Lucas McKay

{"title":"Longitudinal prevalence of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in the idiopathic Parkinson Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI) cohort","authors":"Paul Beach , J. Lucas McKay","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Reported orthostatic hypotension (OH) prevalence in Parkinson's disease (PD) varies widely, with few studies evaluating specifically neurogenic-OH (nOH). The ratio of orthostatic heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP) change (Δ) is a valid screening method to stratify nOH/non-nOH but has had minimal epidemiologic application.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To estimate the prevalence of nOH and non-nOH in the PPMI using the ΔHR/ΔSBP ratio and examine associations between nOH and various motor and non-motor measures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Longitudinal orthostatic vitals and motor and non-motor measures were extracted (baseline-month 48). Patients were consensus criteria classified as OH+/−, with ΔHR/ΔSBP sub-classification to nOH (ΔHR/ΔSBP < 0.5) or non-nOH (ratio ≥ 0.5). Prevalence was determined across visits. Independent linear mixed models tested associations between nOH/non-nOH and clinical variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of <em>N</em> = 907 PD with baseline orthostatic vitals, 3.9 % and 1.8 % exhibited nOH and non-nOH, respectively. Prevalence of nOH/non-nOH increased yearly (<em>P</em> = 0.012, chi-square), though with modest magnitude (baseline: 5.6 % [95 % CI: 4.3–7.3 %]; month 48: 8.6 % [6.4–11.5 %]). nOH patients were older than PD with no OH and nOH was associated with greater impairment of motor and independent functioning than non-nOH/OH- groups. Cognitive function and typical OH symptoms were worse in PD + OH, generally.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>nOH prevalence was greater than non-nOH in the PPMI early PD cohort, with modest prevalence increase over time. Our findings are consistent with prior studies of large cohorts that evaluated nOH, specifically. Those with early PD and nOH were likelier to be older and suffer from greater motor and functional impairment, but OH presence was generally associated with more cognitive impairment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatic interoception in health and disease 健康与疾病中的肝脏截获功能

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103174

Hans-Rudolf Berthoud , Heike Münzberg , Christopher D. Morrison , Winfried L. Neuhuber

{"title":"Hepatic interoception in health and disease","authors":"Hans-Rudolf Berthoud , Heike Münzberg , Christopher D. Morrison , Winfried L. Neuhuber","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The liver is a large organ with crucial functions in metabolism and immune defense, as well as blood homeostasis and detoxification, and it is clearly in bidirectional communication with the brain and rest of the body via both neural and humoral pathways. A host of neural sensory mechanisms have been proposed, but in contrast to the gut-brain axis, details for both the exact site and molecular signaling steps of their peripheral transduction mechanisms are generally lacking. Similarly, knowledge about function-specific sensory and motor components of both vagal and spinal access pathways to the hepatic parenchyma is missing. Lack of progress largely owes to controversies regarding selectivity of vagal access pathways and extent of hepatocyte innervation. In contrast, there is considerable evidence for glucose sensors in the wall of the hepatic portal vein and their importance for glucose handling by the liver and the brain and the systemic response to hypoglycemia. As liver diseases are on the rise globally, and there are intriguing associations between liver diseases and mental illnesses, it will be important to further dissect and identify both neural and humoral pathways that mediate hepatocyte-specific signals to relevant brain areas. The question of whether and how sensations from the liver contribute to interoceptive self-awareness has not yet been explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140347490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small fiber neuropathy in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic orthostatic intolerance and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: A retrospective study 患有慢性正张力不耐受和体位性正张力性心动过速综合征的儿童、青少年和年轻人的小纤维神经病：回顾性研究

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103163

Jeffrey P. Moak , Carolyn B. Ramwell , Heather Gordish-Dressman , Sangeeta D. Sule , Elizabeth Bettini

{"title":"Small fiber neuropathy in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic orthostatic intolerance and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: A retrospective study","authors":"Jeffrey P. Moak , Carolyn B. Ramwell , Heather Gordish-Dressman , Sangeeta D. Sule , Elizabeth Bettini","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To determine in children, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) patients presenting with Orthostatic Intolerance (OI) or Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) associated with the additional symptoms of neuropathic discomfort (pain, paresthesia and/or allodynia): 1) the incidence of small fiber neuropathy, and 2) assess if there was serologic evidence for an underlying inflammatory or autoimmune state.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cohort of 109 CAYA patients with the above symptoms underwent epidermal skin biopsy for nerve fiber density. Blood biomarkers for inflammation were tested (CRP, ESR, ANA, complement (C3), thyroid function testing with antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody), and cytokine panel 13). Patients completed a Quality of Health questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In CAYA patients with OI or POTS and neuropathic symptoms, skin biopsy for small fiber neuropathy was abnormal in 53 %. The sample population was predominantly female and Caucasian with moderately decreased perceived quality of health. OI /POTS patients with small fiber neuropathy had a 3-fold probability of having a positive ANA or anti-thyroid antibody, suggesting an underlying autoimmune or inflammatory process.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our data suggest a link between OI and POTS and small fiber neuropathy. Small fiber neuropathy was found by skin biopsy in over half of the patients tested. OI and Postural orthostatic tachycardia patients with small fiber neuropathy expressed multiple markers suggesting an underlying autoimmune or inflammatory process. Future research will be done to evaluate the symptomatic implication of SFN and whether immune or pharmacologic manipulation can alter patient symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vagus nerve stimulation alleviates cardiac dysfunction and inflammatory markers during heart failure in rats 迷走神经刺激可减轻大鼠心力衰竭期间的心功能紊乱和炎症指标

IF 2.7 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103162

Misty M. Owens , Suman Dalal , Aleksandra Radovic , Luciano Fernandes , Hassan Syed , Mary-Katherine Herndon , Coty Cooper , Krishna Singh , Eric Beaumont

{"title":"Vagus nerve stimulation alleviates cardiac dysfunction and inflammatory markers during heart failure in rats","authors":"Misty M. Owens , Suman Dalal , Aleksandra Radovic , Luciano Fernandes , Hassan Syed , Mary-Katherine Herndon , Coty Cooper , Krishna Singh , Eric Beaumont","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is under clinical investigation as a therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This study aimed to investigate its therapeutic effects on three main components of heart failure: cardiac function, cardiac remodeling and central neuroinflammation using a pressure overload (PO) rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: PO, PO + VNS, PO + VNS sham, and controls. All rats, except controls, underwent a PO surgery to constrict the thoracic aorta (~50 %) to induce HFrEF. Open loop VNS therapy was continuously administered to PO + VNS rats at 20 Hz, 1.0 mA for 60 days. Evaluation of cardiac function and structure via echocardiograms showed decreases in stroke volume and relative ejection fraction and increases in the internal diameter of the left ventricle during systole and diastole in PO rats (<em>p</em> < 0.05). However, these PO-induced adverse changes were alleviated with VNS therapy. Additionally, PO rats exhibited significant increases in myocyte cross sectional areas indicating hypertrophy, along with significant increases in myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis, all of which were reversed by VNS therapy (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Furthermore, VNS mitigated microglial activation in two central autonomic nuclei: the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and locus coeruleus. These findings demonstrate that when VNS therapy is initiated at an early stage of HFrEF progression (<10 % reduction in relative ejection fraction), the supplementation of vagal activity is effective in restoring multi organ homeostasis in a PO model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 103162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140087947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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