Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical最新文献

{"title":"Heart rate variability and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A longitudinal study","authors":"Sofia Erelund ,&nbsp;Anna Södergren ,&nbsp;Urban Wiklund ,&nbsp;Nina Sundström","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>It is established that the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increased in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Heart rate variability (HRV) is a method for evaluating the activity in the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Our aim was to assess the longitudinal development of HRV in patients with RA and compare with healthy controls. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate associations between HRV, inflammatory disease activity and cardiovascular complications in patients with RA over time.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>HRV was assessed with frequency-domain analysis at baseline and after five years in 50 patients with early RA, all being younger than 60 years. HRV indices were age-adjusted based on the estimated age-dependency in 100 age and sex matched healthy controls. Additionally, clinical data including serological markers, disease activity, and blood pressure were collected from the patients. Eleven years after inclusion CVD was assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At baseline, patients with RA presented with lower HRV compared to controls during deep breathing (6 breaths/min), paced normal breathing (12 breaths/min) and after passive tilt to the upright position. No significant change in HRV was observed at the five-year follow-up. A significant negative correlation was found between HRV parameters and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at baseline. A significant positive correlation was found between heart rate and inflammatory markers at baseline but not after five years. Nine patients had developed CVD after 11 years, but no significant association was found with baseline HRV data.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed that patients with RA have autonomic imbalance both at an early stage of the disease and after five years, despite anti-rheumatic medication, but no correlation between HRV and inflammation markers were observed. Reduced HRV was also significantly negatively correlated with increased SBP. Hypertension is a common finding in patients with RA. Thus, significant decline of HRV could be a useful early marker for development of hypertension in patients with RA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 103119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10579304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical utility of the Breathing Pattern Assessment Tool (BPAT) to identify dysfunctional breathing (DB) in individuals living with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)","authors":"Charles C. Reilly ,&nbsp;Sarah V. Floyd ,&nbsp;Shehnaz Raniwalla ,&nbsp;Nicholas Gall ,&nbsp;Gerrard F. Rafferty","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Dysfunctional breathing (DB) resulting in inappropriate breathlessness is common in individuals living with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). DB in POTS is complex, multifactorial, and not routinely assessed clinically outside of specialist centres. To date DB in POTS has been identified and diagnosed predominately via cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPEX), </span>hyperventilation provocation testing and/or specialist </span>respiratory physiotherapy assessment. The Breathing Pattern Assessment Tool (BPAT) is a clinically validated diagnostic tool for DB in Asthma. There are, however, no published data regarding the use of the BPAT in POTS. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the potential clinic utility of the BPAT in the diagnosis of DB in individuals with POTS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective observational cohort study of individuals with POTS referred to respiratory physiotherapy for formal assessment of DB. DB was determined by specialist respiratory physiotherapist assessment which included physical assessment of chest wall movement/breathing pattern. The BPAT and Nijgmegen questionnaire were also completed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to compare the physiotherapy assessment based diagnosis of DB to the BPAT score.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Seventy-seven individuals with POTS [mean (sd) age 32 (11) years, 71 (92 %) female] were assessed by a specialist respiratory physiotherapist, with 65 (84 %) being diagnosed with DB. Using the established BPAT cut off of four or more, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis indicated a sensitivity of 87 % and specificity of 75 % for diagnosing DB in individuals with POTS with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.901 (95 % CI 0.803–0.999), demonstrating excellent discriminatory ability.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>BPAT has high sensitivity and moderate specificity for identifying DB in individuals living with POTS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 103104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10330094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic stiffness contributes to greater pressor responses during static hand grip exercise in healthy young and middle-aged normotensive men","authors":"Denis J. Wakeham ,&nbsp;Rachel N. Lord ,&nbsp;Jack S. Talbot ,&nbsp;Freya M. Lodge ,&nbsp;Bryony A. Curry ,&nbsp;Tony G. Dawkins ,&nbsp;Lydia L. Simpson ,&nbsp;Christopher J.A. Pugh ,&nbsp;Rob E. Shave ,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Moore","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Central arterial stiffness can influence exercise blood pressure (BP) by increasing the rise in </span>arterial pressure<span> per unit increase in aortic inflow. Whether central arterial stiffness influences the pressor response<span><span> to isometric handgrip exercise (HG) and post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI), two common laboratory tests to study sympathetic control of BP, is unknown. We studied 46 healthy non-hypertensive males (23 young and 23 middle-aged) during HG (which increases in cardiac output [Q̇c]) and isolated metaboreflex activation PEMI (no change or decreases in Q̇c). Aortic stiffness (aortic </span>pulse wave velocity<span> [aPWV]; applanation tonometry via SphygmoCor) was measured during supine rest and was correlated to the pressor responses to HG and PEMI. BP (photoplethysmography) and muscle sympathetic </span></span></span></span>nerve activity (MSNA) were continuously recorded at rest, during HG to fatigue (35 % maximal voluntary contraction) and 2-min of PEMI. aPWV was higher in middle-aged compared to young males (7.1 ± 0.9 vs 5.4 ± 0.7 m/s, </span><em>P</em><span> &lt; 0.001). Middle-aged males also exhibited greater increases in systolic pressure (∆30 ± 11 vs 10 ± 8 mmHg) and MSNA (∆2313 ± 2006 vs 1387 ± 1482 %/min) compared to young males during HG (both, </span><em>P</em> &lt; 0.03); with no difference in the Q̇c response (<em>P</em> = 0.090). Responses to PEMI were not different between groups. Sympathetic transduction during these stressors (MSNA-diastolic pressure slope) was not different between groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.341). Middle-aged males displayed a greater increase in SBP per unit change of Q̇c during HG (∆SBP/∆Q̇c; 21 ± 18 vs 6 ± 10 mmHg/L/min, <em>P</em> = 0.004), with a strong and moderate relationship between the change in systolic (<em>r</em> = 0.53, <em>P</em><span> &lt; 0.001) and diastolic pressure (</span><em>r</em> = 0.34, <em>P</em> = 0.023) and resting aPWV, respectively; with no correlation during PEMI. Central arterial stiffness can modulate pressor responses during stimuli associated with increases in cardiac output and sympathoexcitation in healthy males.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 103106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9968054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal gland response to adrenocorticotropic hormone is intact in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","authors":"Jill K.H. Laurin ,&nbsp;Oyebimbola A. Oyewunmi ,&nbsp;Emily M. Garland ,&nbsp;Alfredo Gamboa ,&nbsp;Victor C. Nwazue ,&nbsp;Sachin Y. Paranjape ,&nbsp;Bonnie K. Black ,&nbsp;Luis E. Okamoto ,&nbsp;Cyndya A. Shibao ,&nbsp;Italo Biaggioni ,&nbsp;David Robertson ,&nbsp;André Diedrich ,&nbsp;William D. Dupont ,&nbsp;Robert S. Sheldon ,&nbsp;Satish R. Raj","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Many patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome<span><span> (POTS) are hypovolemic with plasma volume deficits of 10–30 %. Some also have low levels of aldosterone and diminished aldosterone-renin ratios despite elevations in </span>angiotensin II, pointing to potential </span></span>adrenal dysfunction<span><span><span>. To assess adrenal gland responsiveness in POTS, we measured circulating levels of aldosterone and </span>cortisol following </span>adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) stimulation.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>While on a low Na⁺ diet (∼10 mEq/day), 8 female patients with POTS and 5 female healthy controls (HC) received a low dose (1 μg) ACTH bolus following a baseline blood sample. After 60 min, a high dose (249 μg) infusion of ACTH was administered to ensure maximal adrenal response. Venous aldosterone and cortisol levels were sampled every 30 min for 2 h.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Aldosterone increased in both groups in response to ACTH but was not different between POTS vs. HC at 60 min (53.5 ng/dL [37.8–61.8 ng/dL] vs. 46.1 ng/dL [36.7–84.9 ng/dL]; <em>P</em> = 1.000) or maximally (56.4 ng/dL [49.2–67.1 ng/dL] vs. 49.5 ng/dL [39.1–82.8 ng/dL]; <em>P</em><span> = 0.524). Cortisol increased in both groups in response to ACTH but was not different in patients with POTS vs. HC at 60 min (39.9 μg/dL [36.1–47.7 μg/dL] vs. 39.3 μg/dL [35.4–46.6 μg/dL]; </span><em>P</em> = 0.724) or maximally (39.9 μg/dL [33.9–45.4 μg/dL] vs. 42.0 μg/dL [37.6–49.7 μg/dL]; <em>P</em> = 0.354).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><span>ACTH appropriately increased the aldosterone and cortisol levels in patients with POTS. These findings suggest that the response of the adrenal cortex to </span>hormonal stimulation is intact in patients with POTS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 103105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10039049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of muscarinic receptor–mediated excitation in spontaneously hypertensive rat adrenal medullary chromaffin cells","authors":"Masumi Inoue,&nbsp;Keita Harada","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>One of the mechanisms for hypertension is an increase in blood catecholamines due to increased secretion from sympathetic nerve terminals and adrenal medullary chromaffin (AMC) cells. </span>Spontaneously hypertensive rats<span><span><span> (SHRs) are used as an animal model of hypertension. Catecholamine secretion in AMC cells occurs in response to </span>humoral factors<span> and neuronal inputs from the sympathetic nerve fibres. Acetylcholine (ACh) released from the nerve terminals activates nicotinic as well as </span></span>muscarinic ACh receptors<span>. The present experiment aimed to elucidate whether muscarinic receptor–mediated excitation is altered in SHR AMC cells and, if it is, how. Compared with normotensive rat AMC cells, muscarinic stimulation induced greater catecholamine secretion and larger depolarising inward currents in SHR AMC cells. In contrast to normotensive rat AMC cells, the muscarine-induced current consisted of quinine-sensitive and quinine-insensitive components. The former and the latter are possibly ascribed to nonselective cation channel activation and TWIK-related acid-sensitive K</span></span></span>⁺<span><span> (TASK) channel inhibition, as noted in guinea pig AMC cells. In fact, immunoreactive material for TASK1 and several isoforms of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels was detected in SHR AMC cells. Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), which plays an essential role for heteromeric TRPC1–TRPC4 channel formation and is not expressed in normotensive rat AMC cells, was detected in the cytoplasm and co-localised with </span>TRPC1. The expression of muscarinic M</span>₁ receptors was enhanced in SHR AMC cells compared with normotensive rats. The results indicate that muscarinic excitation is enhanced in SHR AMC cells, probably through facilitation of TRPC channel signalling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 103108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9983254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sympathetic and angiotensinergic activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole","authors":"Roberto Braz Pontes,&nbsp;Débora S.A. Colombari,&nbsp;Patrícia M. De Paula,&nbsp;Eduardo Colombari,&nbsp;Carina A.F. Andrade,&nbsp;Laurival A. De Luca Jr,&nbsp;José V. Menani","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that the pressor response to intracerebroventricular (icv) administered ANG II in normotensive rats or </span>spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) is attenuated by increased central H</span>₂O₂ concentration, produced either by direct H₂O₂<span> icv injection or by increased endogenous H</span>₂O₂<span><span><span><span> centrally in response to local catalase inhibition with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ). In the present study, we evaluated the effects of ATZ administered peripherally on </span>arterial pressure and sympathetic and angiotensinergic activity in SHRs. Male SHRs weighing 280–330 g were used. </span>Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in conscious freely moving SHRs. Acute </span>intravenous injection<span> of ATZ (300 mg/kg of body weight) did not modify MAP and HR during the next 4 h, however, the treatment<span> with ATZ (300 mg/kg of body weight twice per day) for 3 days reduced MAP (144 ± 6, vs. saline, 183 ± 13 mmHg), without changing HR. Intravenous hexamethonium<span> (ganglionic blocker) produced a smaller decrease in MAP 4 h after ATZ (−25 ± 3, vs saline −38 ± 4 mmHg). Losartan (angiotensinergic AT</span></span></span></span>₁<span> receptor blocker) produced a significant depressor response 4 h after ATZ (−22 ± 4, vs. saline: −2 ± 4 mmHg) and in 3-day ATZ treated SHRs (−25 ± 5, vs. saline: −9 ± 4 mmHg). The results suggest that the treatment with ATZ reduces sympathetic activity in SHRs and simultaneously increases angiotensinergic activity.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"248 ","pages":"Article 103107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10357453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity is attenuated in male UCD-type 2 diabetes mellitus rats: A link between metabolic and autonomic dysfunction","authors":"Milena Samora ,&nbsp;Yu Huo ,&nbsp;Richard K. McCuller ,&nbsp;Suchit Chidurala ,&nbsp;Kimber L. Stanhope ,&nbsp;Peter J. Havel ,&nbsp;Audrey J. Stone ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Harrison","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have impaired arterial baroreflex function, which may be linked to the co-existence of obesity. However, the role of obesity and its related metabolic impairments on baroreflex dysfunction in T2DM is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of </span>visceral fat<span><span><span> and adiponectin, the most abundant cytokine produced by </span>adipocytes, on baroreflex dysfunction in T2DM rats. Experiments were performed in adult male UCD-T2DM rats assigned to the following experimental groups (n = 6 in each): prediabetic (Pre), diabetes-onset (T0), 4 weeks after onset (T4), and 12 weeks after onset (T12). Age-matched healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used as controls. Rats were anesthetized and blood pressure was directly measured on a beat-to-beat basis to assess spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) using the sequence technique. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to assess body composition. Data are presented as mean ± SD. BRS was significantly lower in T2DM rats compared with controls at T0 (T2D: 3.7 ± 3.2 ms/mmHg vs Healthy: 16.1 ± 8.4 ms/mmHg; P = 0.01), but not at T12 (T2D: 13.4 ± 8.1 ms/mmHg vs Healthy: 9.2 ± 6.0 ms/mmHg; P = 0.16). T2DM rats had higher visceral fat mass, adiponectin, and insulin concentrations compared with control rats (all P &lt; 0.01). Changes in adiponectin and insulin concentrations over the measured time-points mirrored one another and were opposite those of the BRS in T2DM rats. These findings demonstrate that obesity-related metabolic impairments may contribute to an attenuated spontaneous BRS in T2DM, suggesting a link between metabolic and </span>autonomic dysfunction.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 103117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10135722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of covid-19 on sleep quality and autonomic function in elderly diabetic women","authors":"Leonardo Hesley Ferraz Durans,&nbsp;Ellian Robert Vale Santos,&nbsp;Thamyres da Cruz Miranda,&nbsp;Helen Nara da Silva e Silva,&nbsp;Nivaldo de Jesus Silva Soares Júnior,&nbsp;Sarah Raquel Dutra Macedo,&nbsp;Cristiano Teixeira Mostarda","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>to analyze the quality of sleep and cardiac autonomic modulation of elderly diabetic women in the post-covid-19 syndrome.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p><span>41 elderly women, aged 60–75 years, with a diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and who had covid-19 were included, divided into three groups: 14 in the Diabetes without covid-19 group (DG), 15 in the Diabetes with covid-19 group (CG), 12 in the Diabetes with covid-19 group who had Pulmonary Compromise (IG). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh questionnaire, anamnesis<span>, capillary blood<span><span> glucose, blood pressure collection, anthropometry, resting electrocardiogram for 10 min for </span>heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. Data were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer Multiple Comparisons Test, significance for </span></span></span><em>p</em> ≤ 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>there was no significant difference in age, blood glucose, blood pressure, and body composition between the groups. In the analysis of sleep quality, there was significance in the following indices: sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, and daytime sleepiness. Further, there was a reduction in autonomic indices between CG vs. DG: VarRR (ms</span>²), SDNN (ms), SD1 (ms), TINN (ms), HF-log (ms²), LF-log (ms²); and between IG vs. DG: VarRR (ms²), SDNN (ms), RMSSD (ms), SD1 (ms), SD2 (ms), and HF-log (ms²).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>it is suggestive that diabetic elderly women who had covid-19, with and without pulmonary impairment, have impaired sleep quality and interference on HRV with decreased parasympathetic autonomic modulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 103118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10128632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability as a marker and predictor of inflammation, nosocomial infection, and sepsis – A systematic review","authors":"Josephine Adam ,&nbsp;Sven Rupprecht ,&nbsp;Erika C.S. Künstler ,&nbsp;Dirk Hoyer","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The autonomic nervous system interacts with the immune system via the inflammatory response. Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic activity, is associated with inflammation, and nosocomial infections/sepsis, and has clinical implications for the monitoring of at-risk patients. Due to the vagal tone's influence on anti-inflammatory immune response, this association may predominately be reflected by vagally-mediated HRV indices. However, HRV's predictive significance on inflammation/infection remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>843 studies examining the associations/prognostic value of HRV indices on inflammation, and nosocomial infection/sepsis were screened in this systematic review. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 68 associative studies and 14 prediction studies were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>HRV and pro-inflammatory state were consistently associated in healthy subjects and patient groups. Pro-inflammatory state was related to reduced total power HRV including vagally- and non-vagally-mediated HRV indices. Similar, compared to controls, HRV reductions were observed during nosocomial infections/sepsis.</p><p>Only limited evidence supports the predictive value of HRV in the development of nosocomial infections/sepsis. Reduced very low frequency power HRV showed the highest predictive value in adults, even with different clinical conditions. In neonates, an increased heart rate characteristic score, combining reduced total power HRV, decreased complexity, and vagally-dominated asymmetry, predicted sepsis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Pro-inflammatory state is related to an overall reduction in HRV rather than a singular reduction in vagally-mediated HRV indices, reflecting the complex autonomic-regulatory changes occurring during inflammation.</p><p>The potential benefit of using continuous HRV monitoring for detecting nosocomial infection-related states, and the implications for clinical outcome, need further clarification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"249 ","pages":"Article 103116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10184709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia augments TRPM3-mediated calcium influx in vagal sensory neurons","authors":"Katherine R. Langen,&nbsp;Heather A. Dantzler,&nbsp;Procopio Gama de Barcellos-Filho,&nbsp;David D. Kline","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Transient receptor potential<span><span> melastatin 3 (TRPM3) channels contribute to nodose afferent and brainstem nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) activity. Exposure to short, sustained </span>hypoxia<span><span> (SH) and chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) enhances nTS activity, although the mechanisms are unknown. We hypothesized TRPM3 may contribute to increased </span>neuronal activity<span> in nTS-projecting nodose ganglia viscerosensory neurons, and its influence is elevated following hypoxia. Rats were exposed to either room air (normoxia), 24-h of 10 % O</span></span></span></span>₂ (SH), or CIH (episodic 6 % O₂ for 10d). A subset of neurons from normoxic rats were exposed to in vitro incubation for 24-h in 21 % or 1 % O₂. Intracellular Ca²⁺ of dissociated neurons was monitored via Fura-2 imaging. Ca²⁺<span><span> levels increased upon TRPM3 activation via Pregnenolone sulfate (Preg) or CIM0216. </span>Preg responses were eliminated by the TRPM3 antagonist ononetin, confirming agonist specificity. Removal of extracellular Ca</span>²⁺ also eliminated Preg response, further suggesting Ca²⁺ influx via membrane-bound channels. In neurons isolated from SH-exposed rats, the TRPM3 elevation of Ca²⁺<span> was greater than in normoxic-exposed rats. The SH increase was reversed following a subsequent normoxic exposure. RNAScope demonstrated TRPM3 mRNA was greater after SH than in Norm ganglia. Incubating dissociated cultures from normoxic rats in 1 % O</span>₂ (24-h) did not alter the Preg Ca²⁺ responses compared to their normoxic controls. In contrast to in vivo SH, 10d CIH did not alter TRPM3 elevation of Ca²⁺<span>. Altogether, these results demonstrate a hypoxia-specific increase in TRPM3-mediated calcium influx.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 103095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10330432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9822290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}