Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical最新文献_第3页

Cardiac vagal reactivation at the onset of muscle Metaboreflex activation is not further impaired in patients with Parkinson's disease 帕金森病患者在肌肉代谢反射激活开始时心脏迷走神经再激活不会进一步受损

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103311

Jeann L. Sabino-Carvalho , Rosa V. Guerrero , André L. Teixeira , Pedro R.P. Brandão , Lauro C. Vianna

{"title":"Cardiac vagal reactivation at the onset of muscle Metaboreflex activation is not further impaired in patients with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Jeann L. Sabino-Carvalho , Rosa V. Guerrero , André L. Teixeira , Pedro R.P. Brandão , Lauro C. Vianna","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by non-motor symptoms and marked altered sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. However, it is currently unclear if inappropriate autonomic adjustments are manifested during rapid parasympathetic adjustments that occur following cessation of exercise and at the onset of isolated post-exercise ischemia (PEI). Herein, we tested the hypothesis that, compared to older and young men, PD patients would show attenuated heart rate (HR) recovery at exercise cessation due to impaired cardiac vagal reactivation. Eleven PD patients (66 ± 9 yr), 9 age-matched controls (64 ± 7 yr), and 10 young controls (21 ± 1 yr) were studied. All participants performed 90-s of isometric handgrip at 40 % of maximal voluntary contraction, followed by 3-min of PEI. HR (electrocardiography) was continuously recorded. HR recovery was defined as the difference between HR at the end of the exercise and at the end of the first 30-s of PEI. HR variability (HRV) during the first 30-s of recovery was quantified. Following the cessation of exercise, the HR recovery was significantly lower in PD and age-matched controls compared to young controls (Δ-10 ± 5 vs. Δ-14 ± 6 vs. Δ-26 ± 8 beats.min − 1 at 30s; <em>P</em> < 0.001; respectively). compared to controls. HRV increased less post-exercise in PD and age-matched controls compared to young controls. In summary, PD patients and age-matched controls demonstrate blunted parasympathetic reactivation. However, contrary to our hypothesis, PD patients did not exhibit further attenuation in HR recovery compared to age-matched controls, suggesting that PD does not exacerbate vagal reactivation impairments beyond those associated with aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic hyperoxic deactivation of peripheral chemoreceptors in spontaneously hypertensive rats: Does it lower arterial pressure? 自发性高血压大鼠外周血化感受器慢性高氧失活：是否能降低动脉压？

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103312

Ítalo C. Raulino , Vinícius H. Ferreira , Juliana R. Souza , Mauro de Oliveira , Daniela Accorsi-Mendonça , Julian F.R. Paton , Benedito H. Machado

{"title":"Chronic hyperoxic deactivation of peripheral chemoreceptors in spontaneously hypertensive rats: Does it lower arterial pressure?","authors":"Ítalo C. Raulino , Vinícius H. Ferreira , Juliana R. Souza , Mauro de Oliveira , Daniela Accorsi-Mendonça , Julian F.R. Paton , Benedito H. Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We hypothetized that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) exposed to chronic intermittent hyperoxia should reduce the high baseline arterial pressure (hypertension) observed in these animals. The rational for this study was based-upon the known overactivity of carotid chemoreceptors in SHR and their significant contribution to the maintenance of an increased sympathetic outflow and hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we exposed SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, control) to intermittent hyperoxia (IH, FIO<sub>2</sub> increase from 20.8 to 30 % in 6 cycles/h) 8 h a day during 10 days. Systolic arterial pressure was evaluated every 2 days by tail plethysmography. At the end of the protocols the rats were anesthetized and catheters implanted for arterial pressure recordings and drug injections 24 hs later in the conscious freely moving condition. Respiratory frequency was evaluated by whole body plethysmography before and after the IH protocol and the cardiovascular and respiratory responses to peripheral chemoreflex activation (KCN) were evaluated one day after the end of protocol. Arterial blood samples were collected one day after the end of protocols for gas evaluation. The data shows that IH produced no significant change in mean arterial pressure of SHR [159 ± 9.02 (<em>N</em> = 4) vs 153 ± 7.85 mmHg (<em>N</em> = 7)] or WKY [115 ± 6.08 (<em>N</em> = 5) vs 111 ± 7.66 (<em>N</em> = 6) mmHg)] relative to their respective normoxic control. Since IH produced no changes in the cardiovascular parameters we propose that IH treatment protocol was not effective in reducing the overactivity of glomus cells in the carotid body of SHR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impaired exercise hemodynamic responses in patients with HFpEF without a sympathetic vasoconstrictor reserve 无交感血管收缩剂储备的HFpEF患者运动血流动力学反应受损

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103309

Claire E. Kissell , Rachel J. Skow , Denis J. Wakeham , Takuro Washio , Giorgio Manferdelli , Mitchel Samels , Qi Fu , Mark J. Haykowsky , Tiffany L. Brazile , James P. MacNamara , Satyam Sarma , Benjamin D. Levine , Paul J. Fadel , Christopher M. Hearon Jr

{"title":"Impaired exercise hemodynamic responses in patients with HFpEF without a sympathetic vasoconstrictor reserve","authors":"Claire E. Kissell , Rachel J. Skow , Denis J. Wakeham , Takuro Washio , Giorgio Manferdelli , Mitchel Samels , Qi Fu , Mark J. Haykowsky , Tiffany L. Brazile , James P. MacNamara , Satyam Sarma , Benjamin D. Levine , Paul J. Fadel , Christopher M. Hearon Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Impaired exercise hyperemia and blunted vasoconstrictor responsiveness have been reported in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, there is considerable heterogeneity in the degree to which vasodilatory capacity and sympathetic vasoconstrictor reserve are diminished. Given the integration of both vasodilation and vasoconstriction to appropriately regulate blood flow during exercise, we hypothesized that patients with HFpEF who are unable to vasoconstrict to sympatho-excitation (i.e., a cold pressor test; CPT; non-constrictors) have blunted leg blood flow (LBF) responses to single leg knee extensor (SLKE) exercise compared to patients with HFpEF who are able to vasoconstrict in response to sympatho-excitation (constrictors). Forty-three patients diagnosed with HFpEF underwent a CPT and performed submaximal and peak SLKE exercise while heart rate, blood pressure and common femoral artery blood flow were measured. The percent change in leg vascular conductance (LVC) during the CPT was used to categorize participants as non-constrictors (+26 ± 24%Δ LVC; <em>n = 22</em>, 16 female) or constrictors (−15 ± 14%Δ LVC; <em>n = 21</em>, 13 female). During submaximal SLKE exercise (7.5 watts) non-constrictors had a smaller increase in LBF (non-constrictors: Δ 1139 ± 425 ml/min; constrictors: Δ 1497 ± 454 ml/min; <em>P</em> = 0.011) and LVC (non-constrictors: Δ 9.8 ± 3.4 ml/min/mmHg; constrictors: Δ 13.3 ± 4.5 ml/min/mmHg; <em>P</em> = 0.007). LBF at peak SLKE exercise was also less in non-constrictors compared to constrictors (<em>P</em> = 0.033). In summary, patients with HFpEF without a sympathetic vasoconstrictor reserve present with impaired hemodynamic responses to exercise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct vagal input to the gastrointestinal tract and other viscera: Re-definition of autonomic neuroscience or experimental artifacts? 直接迷走神经输入到胃肠道和其他内脏：重新定义自主神经科学或实验人工制品？

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103310

Hans-Rudolf Berthoud , Edward A. Fox , Heike Münzberg , Sangho Yu , Angela Kim , Bradford B. Lowell , Winfried L. Neuhuber

引用次数: 0

Self-organized criticality, dragon kings, black swans, and the prediction of vasovagal syncope 自组织临界，龙王，黑天鹅，和血管迷走神经性晕厥的预测

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103308

Sarah Kerkouri , Jacques-Olivier Fortrat

{"title":"Self-organized criticality, dragon kings, black swans, and the prediction of vasovagal syncope","authors":"Sarah Kerkouri , Jacques-Olivier Fortrat","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vasovagal events occur across a spectrum, from minor events to severe episodes resulting in syncope. The intensity distribution of these events follows a power law, as described by the universal theory of self-organized criticality (SOC). Extreme SOC events may manifest as unpredictable “black swans” or predictable outliers called “dragon kings.” This study aimed to characterize the nature of the most significant events leading to (near)syncope.</div><div>We analyzed RR-interval time series from eleven healthy individuals who experienced vasovagal (near)syncope during a head-up tilt test. Bradycardia sequences were evaluated based on their intensity (number of beats) to construct Zipf's distributions and calculate the regression coefficient (r). Following the latest three-step approach for identifying event types, we first compared Zipf's distributions with and without the vasovagal (VV) event. Next, we applied time rescaling, and finally, we refined the definition of bradycardia sequences.</div><div>The first step failed to demonstrate vasovagal syncope as a dragon king (r without VV vs. r with VV: 0.98 ± 0.00 and 0.98 ± 0.00, respectively). The second step proved inconclusive, as time rescaling disrupted the power law distribution. However, the third step revealed that the largest events acted as outliers or predictable dragon kings, significantly altering the correlation coefficient of event distribution (r without vs. with outliers: 0.98 ± 0.01 and 0.86 ± 0.02, respectively, <em>p</em> = 0.001).</div><div>Our findings suggest that vasovagal syncope represents a dragon king in a self-organized system poised at criticality. These results pave the way for predicting vasovagal syncope based on recent advancements in SOC theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to predator threat engages sympathetic nervous system outflow to skeletal muscle 暴露在捕食者的威胁下，交感神经系统向骨骼肌流出

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103304

Erin Gorrell , Ashley M. Shemery , Leah Franks , Noor Saman , Meredith Zendlo , Emily Welch , Cassidy Ridley , Ashely Davis , Amber R. Titus , Lydia A. Heemstra , Colleen M. Novak

{"title":"Exposure to predator threat engages sympathetic nervous system outflow to skeletal muscle","authors":"Erin Gorrell , Ashley M. Shemery , Leah Franks , Noor Saman , Meredith Zendlo , Emily Welch , Cassidy Ridley , Ashely Davis , Amber R. Titus , Lydia A. Heemstra , Colleen M. Novak","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As obesity and overweight continue to be a public health burden throughout the world, approaches to increase energy expenditure (EE) are sought to reverse the energy imbalance underlying weight gain. Skeletal muscle is a promising target for enhancing energy expenditure. We have previously shown that exposure to predator odor induces skeletal muscle thermogenesis and results in increased physical activity, energy expenditure, and weight loss in rats. Prior evidence supports the importance of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation of skeletal muscle through β adrenergic receptors. Here, we measured norepinephrine turnover (NETO) rate to demonstrate that predator threat increases SNS outflow to skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as some white adipose depots, in rats. We surgically excised the primary BAT depot to probe the potential contribution of BAT to muscle thermogenesis. Rats lacking interscapular BAT (iBATX) showed no discernable deficit in predator odor-induced muscle thermogenesis, but showed some differential response to the β3 adrenergic agonist CL-316,243. Altogether, this reaffirms the importance of SNS outflow to skeletal muscle in the thermogenesis elicited by predator threat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

White matter correlates of autonomic cardiac dysfunction in anorexia nervosa 白质与厌食症神经性自主心功能障碍相关

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103307

Feliberto De La Cruz , Nikos Makris , Andy Schumann , Jon Haitz Legarreta , Yuqian Chen , Katrin Rieger , Monica Di Giuliano , Ryan Zurrin , Tashrif Billah , Nicholas Kim , Owen Borders , Yogesh Rathi , Marek Kubicki , Lauren O'Donnell , Karl-Jürgen Bär , Zora Kikinis

{"title":"White matter correlates of autonomic cardiac dysfunction in anorexia nervosa","authors":"Feliberto De La Cruz , Nikos Makris , Andy Schumann , Jon Haitz Legarreta , Yuqian Chen , Katrin Rieger , Monica Di Giuliano , Ryan Zurrin , Tashrif Billah , Nicholas Kim , Owen Borders , Yogesh Rathi , Marek Kubicki , Lauren O'Donnell , Karl-Jürgen Bär , Zora Kikinis","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is linked to changes in autonomic function, but the specific neuroanatomical substrates of these changes are not well understood. In this study, we used diffusion-weighted imaging to examine white matter structure in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex–dorsal vagal complex (vmPFC-DVC) pathway, which is essential for autonomic regulation. Compared to healthy controls, individuals with AN showed significantly higher fractional anisotropy and axial diffusivity, as well as more streamlines connecting the vmPFC and DVC—indicating altered structural organization. However, radial diffusivity, which relates to myelin integrity, did not differ between groups, suggesting that changes are not due to higher myelination in AN individuals. Region-specific analysis located the differences in white matter metrics to the region of fiber decussation at the ponto-midbrain junction. Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity of vmPFC-DVC were associated with autonomic function in healthy controls but not in individuals with AN, pointing to a disruption in brain-body communication in AN. No differences were found in tensor metrics in other white matter tracts in the brainstem, indicating these alterations are specific to autonomic pathways rather than reflecting widespread brainstem abnormalities. This study provides the first evidence of structural disruptions in a key autonomic circuit in AN and highlights a potential decoupling between white matter integrity and autonomic regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autonomic and sensory dysfunction in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: How do small fibers contribute? 超活动型埃勒-丹洛斯综合征的自主神经和感觉功能障碍：小纤维是如何起作用的？

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103306

Dilara Kersebaum , Ralf Baron , Janne Gierthmühlen , Julia Forstenpointner

引用次数: 0

Menopause and its effects on autonomic regulation of blood pressure: Insights and perspectives 更年期及其对血压自主调节的影响：见解和观点

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103295

E.J. Lee, M.L. Keller-Ross

{"title":"Menopause and its effects on autonomic regulation of blood pressure: Insights and perspectives","authors":"E.J. Lee, M.L. Keller-Ross","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk increases substantially around the typical age of menopause (∼51 yrs). While the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain to be precisely elucidated, menopause-related autonomic (dys)function likely plays a key role in CVD development in postmenopausal females. Sympathetic activity is known to increase with age and may rise more steeply in older females, resulting in autonomic imbalance and chronic disease. The menopausal loss of estradiol, a major female sex hormone, contributes to changes in autonomic and vascular physiology and is implicated in prominent menopause symptoms such as sleep difficulty and vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes/night sweats). Estrogen replacement can mitigate some of these negative health effects, but hormone therapy may not be able to reverse all menopause-linked autonomic dysfunction. Thus, this review explores the vast and complex web connecting menopause physiology and symptomatology, including how sex-hormone loss and menopause symptoms may impact autonomic function– in particular, through altered sympathetic regulation of blood pressure and impaired vagal tone– as a gateway to adverse cardiovascular health and greater CVD risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypothalamic excitatory input to AT1AR and TH expressing neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract in mice 小鼠下丘脑对孤立束核AT1AR和TH表达神经元的兴奋性输入

IF 3.2 4区医学

Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103305

David A. Carter , Haoyao Guo , Kimberly R. Thek , Angela A. Connelly , Jaspreet K. Bassi , Angelina Y. Fong , Andrew M. Allen , Stuart J. McDougall

{"title":"Hypothalamic excitatory input to AT1AR and TH expressing neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract in mice","authors":"David A. Carter , Haoyao Guo , Kimberly R. Thek , Angela A. Connelly , Jaspreet K. Bassi , Angelina Y. Fong , Andrew M. Allen , Stuart J. McDougall","doi":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.autneu.2025.103305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomic reflexes are modified during development or in response to specific physiological challenges and disease. One modulating region is the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), whose neurons project to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) to modulate viscerosensory input. Yet the neural circuitry by which this is achieved remains ill-defined. Adeno-associated virus was injected into the hypothalamus of TH-GFP or angiotensin type 1A receptor (AT<sub>1A</sub>R)-GFP mice to drive channel rhodopsin 2 (ChR2) expression. Whole-cell recordings of NTS neurons in close proximity to labelled hypothalamic efferents were made in horizontal slices of the brainstem, allowing activation of both hypothalamic and viscerosensory inputs. Most neurons recorded did not exhibit ChR2-mediated responses, despite extensive hypothalamic axon/terminal labelling. In some NTS neurons, ChR2-mediated stimulation of hypothalamic efferents elicited glutamatergic, AMPA receptor mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (ChR2-EPSCs). Responsive NTS neurons included both 2nd, and higher, order neurons and AT<sub>1A</sub>R and few TH expressing neurons. All ChR2-EPSCs tested were blocked by TTX. Some TTX blocked ChR2-EPSCs could be recovered with the co-application 4AP, confirming monosynaptic connection between hypothalamic and NTS neurons. Superimposition of convergent inputs from hypothalamic and viscerosensory efferents resulted in summated EPSCs that would likely increase throughput probability of the viscerosensory signals at NTS neurons. The neural link between the hypothalamus and NTS comprises discreet glutamatergic input, including to TH positive and AT<sub>1A</sub>R expressing NTS neurons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55410,"journal":{"name":"Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic & Clinical","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 103305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0