Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Design and development of a systematic validation protocol for synthetic melanoma images for responsible use in medical artificial intelligence","authors":"Alessio Luschi ,&nbsp;Linda Tognetti ,&nbsp;Alessandra Cartocci ,&nbsp;Elisa Cinotti ,&nbsp;Giovanni Rubegni ,&nbsp;Laura Calabrese ,&nbsp;Martina D’onghia ,&nbsp;Martina Dragotto ,&nbsp;Elvira Moscarella ,&nbsp;Gabriella Brancaccio ,&nbsp;Giulia Briatico ,&nbsp;Camila Scharf ,&nbsp;Dario Buononato ,&nbsp;Vittorio Tancredi ,&nbsp;Carmen Cantisani ,&nbsp;Camilla Chello ,&nbsp;Luca Ambrosio ,&nbsp;Pietro Scribani Rossi ,&nbsp;Marco Virone ,&nbsp;Giovanni Pellacani ,&nbsp;Ernesto Iadanza","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, and artificial intelligence could help address its diagnostic challenges. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can generate synthetic dermoscopic images to augment limited real datasets, but the lack of standardised validation protocols holds back models’ reliability and clinicians’ trust. This study aims to design and develop a systematic validation protocol combining quantitative metrics and qualitative expert assessments to evaluate the realism, fidelity, diversity, and usefulness of synthetic dermoscopic melanoma images. A StyleGAN2 model, designed and trained in a previous study, was selected for its superior quantitative performance and exploited to generate 25 synthetic melanoma images, matched with 25 real images. A panel of 17 dermoscopists assessed the images using a 7-point Likert scale, across multiple qualitative attributes (real vs. synthetic, skin texture, visual realism, and confidence) and pattern analysis. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Fleiss’ Kappa, and Krippendorff’s Alpha were calculated to analyse inter-rater agreement and evaluation outcomes. Accuracy in real vs synthetic images classification was moderate (64 %), with sensitivity at 73 % and specificity at 56 %, with poor inter-rater concordance over qualitative attributes. Synthetic images obtained superior scores in medium visual and overall realism, and confidence level, while the frequency of recognition of pigment network-patterns was comparable with real images. The proposed holistic validation protocol can effectively estimate the quality level of synthetic dermoscopic images, regardless of the architecture of the model used for generation, offering an objective and reliable evaluation tool, as qualitative evaluations remain crucial to ensure their safe deployment in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"Pages 608-616"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wireless, implantable, dual-channel phrenic nerve stimulator for diaphragm pacing using electromagnetic resonance coupling","authors":"Xiaoyu Gu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhong ,&nbsp;Yan Shi ,&nbsp;Meng Xu ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Tong ,&nbsp;Yixuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Implantable diaphragm pacing (DP) system can effectively restore patients’ breathing.</div><div>Conventional diaphragm pacemakers have some practical limitations, such as transmission stability and high price. This study proposes an innovative, wirelessly powered dual-channel and inexpensive DP system to overcome some of these constraints.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The system realizes wireless power supply based on electromagnetic resonance coupling to improve stability. It comprised an external controller, two off-body transmitters and two in-vivo rectifier-integrated receivers. PCB spiral coils are used for energy transmission in wireless systems to ensure system stability and convenient processing. Receiver encapsulated with biocompatible PDMS convert received power into electrical stimulation energy. Stimulation waveform, multi-media environment and animal experimental tests were conducted to validate system’s performance. Specific absorption rate (SAR) in human tissue was calculated to confirm safety of implantation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Electrical stimulation parameters of the proposed DP system can be precisely adjusted. The stimulation amplitude range is 3–12 V with 0.1 V step resolution. Pulse width and frequency are adjustable from 100-300 µs and 10–100 Hz respectively. The breathing cycle and inhalation time can also be set individually. Wireless energy transmission has wide transmission distance (＞14 mm), good anti-offset capability (horizontal offset＞8mm) and implantation safety (SAR＜1.6 W/kg). Further time series of stimulation signals issued by the two channels are synchronized. The developed system effectively realizes respiratory response of animals to bilateral phrenic nerve stimulation with 17 mm wireless energy transmission distance and implantation of two receivers in vivo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our work provides a new optimization scheme for the design of implantable diaphragm pacemaker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"Pages 593-607"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144916952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRI-based heart rate variability parameterisation: advancing autonomic dysfunction assessment in diabetes and aging—A cross-sectional observational study","authors":"Shanglin Yang ,&nbsp;Yuyang Lin ,&nbsp;Xuwei Liao ,&nbsp;Jianjung Chen ,&nbsp;Hsientsai Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This cross-sectional observational study introduces the T-R interval (TRI), a novel electrocardiographic parameter designed to improve heart rate variability (HRV) assessment in ageing and diabetic populations. Defined as the R-R interval (RRI) minus the heart rate-corrected RT interval (RTc), TRI incorporates both depolarisation and repolarisation phases of the cardiac cycle, thereby offering deeper insights into autonomic function. A total of 126 participants, including 58 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 68 healthy controls, were assessed using conventional HRV indices. These included the low-to-high frequency power ratio (LHR), the short-to-long variability ratio (SSR), and the baroreflex entropy index (BEI), all of which were calculated from both RRI and TRI data. TRI-based indices demonstrated superior sensitivity in detecting autonomic dysfunction. Significant group differences were observed for TRI-derived MSE_LS (mean difference = 0.205, 95 % CI: 0.093–0.317, <em>p</em> = 0.036), SSR (mean difference =  − 0.083, 95 % CI: −0.136–−0.029, <em>p</em> = 0.051), and BEI (mean difference = 0.205, 95 % CI: 0.093–0.318, <em>p</em> = 0.002), while their RRI-based equivalents did not reach statistical significance. ROC curve analysis showed improvements in the area under the curve (AUC) when TRI was used as the input parameter, with gains of 5.9 % for MSE_LS, 10.6 %for SSR, and 6.1 % for BEI. Logistic regression further identified TRI-based BEI as a protective factor against new-onset T2DM (OR = 0.058; 95 % CI: 0.009–0.378; <em>p</em> = 0.003). These findings suggest that TRI improves the diagnostic performance of HRV analysis and may support earlier detection of autonomic dysfunction, especially in clinical and wearable monitoring settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 4","pages":"Pages 581-592"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lumbar intervertebral disc biomechanics: Geometry and collagen fiber orientation configurations effects","authors":"Zhongwei Sun ,&nbsp;Jiabao Pan ,&nbsp;Weishi Liang ,&nbsp;Changwen Mi ,&nbsp;Peng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a probabilistic biphasic-swelling parameterized finite element framework, with the aim of which is to systematically evaluate the impact of lumbar intervertebral disc (L-IVD) geometry and annulus fibrosus collagen fiber configuration on multi-axial biomechanical behavior. Thirty anatomical L-IVD geometric sets were sampled via Latin hypercube sampling of clinical anatomical variations. Three annulus fibrosus layer-wise fiber configurations were implemented: Constant <span><math><msup><mn>30</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></math></span>, Circumferential variation (<span><math><mrow><msup><mn>25</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>−</mo><mo>−</mo><msup><mn>45</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>), and Circumferential-radial variation (<span><math><mrow><msup><mn>23</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>−</mo><mo>−</mo><msup><mn>50</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>). Consequently, the construction of three groups, comprising a total of ninety biphasic L-IVD finite element models, was undertaken. Five loading protocols were then simulated to reveal the critical dependencies of L-IVD biomechanical behavior. A statistical comparative analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of disc geometries and orientation strategies. The findings demonstrated that fiber orientation configuration exerts a substantial influence on swelling responses, compression stiffness, and flexion stiffness (<span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>050</mn></mrow></math></span>). Disc height exhibited strong inverse correlations with intradiscal pressure (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.80</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow></math></span>) and compression stiffness (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.85</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn></mrow></math></span>). Anterior-posterior length emerged as the primary predictor of sagittal stiffness (flexion: <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.70</mn></mrow></math></span>; extension: <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.75</mn></mrow></math></span>) and torsional resistance (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.50</mn></mrow></math></span>), linked to altered moment arm mechanics. The nucleus pulposus volume ratio moderately affected intradiscal pressure (<span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0.30</mn></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>) but showed negligible impact on segmental stiffness. This parametric modelling framework facilitates systematic investigation of L-IVD biomechanics across anatomical variations. Additionally, these findings advocate for microstructure-informed computational models to optimize personalized implant designs and biomechanical assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 496-506"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can cerebral autoregulation be monitored with non-linear correlation indices? A proof-of-concept study","authors":"Karol Sawicki ,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Syta ,&nbsp;Pawel Dzienis ,&nbsp;Lukasz Tymiński ,&nbsp;Bartlomiej Ambrożkiewicz ,&nbsp;Andrzej Koszewnik ,&nbsp;Magdalena Maria Sawicka ,&nbsp;Tomasz Łysoń ,&nbsp;Zofia Czosnyka ,&nbsp;Marek Czosnyka","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is the mechanism by which cerebral vessels self-regulate blood flow to maintain adequate brain perfusion. Although CA monitoring is recommended in neurocritical care as a means to improve therapy, there is currently no consensus on the most effective computational technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of measuring CA using recurrence quantification analysis (RQA)—a non-linear method for analysing complex systems—as an alternative to traditional, linear correlation-based indices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on a database of head-injured patients treated in a neurocritical care unit who developed spontaneous intracranial pressure (ICP) elevations known as plateau waves. Signals from arterial blood pressure, ICP, and cerebral blood flow velocity were segmented into stable phases of elevated ICP (associated with CA deterioration) and the preceding baseline. Non-linear RQA correlations were calculated for both periods, and the results were statistically compared. For reference, well-established linear CA indices were assessed in the same manner.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The non-linear correlations followed a similar pattern to the linear CA indices and successfully differentiated the plateau wave phase with a comparable, high level of statistical significance (p &lt; 0.0001), while demonstrating higher values and reduced data dispersion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Non-linear RQA correlation is feasible<!--> <!-->for CA assessment.<!--> <!-->To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first evaluation of RQA feasibility in CA research. In the pursuit of a reliable<!--> <!-->index suitable for widespread implementation in neurocritical care, a non-linear approach may offer a promising alternative to traditional linear correlation-based indices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 485-495"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement and force dynamics in bimanual cooperative tasks in chronic stroke and healthy individuals","authors":"J. Podobnik,&nbsp;M. Munih,&nbsp;M. Mihelj","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke rehabilitation often involves the use of haptic robots to improve motor control and bimanual coordination. This study examines how damping affects movement and force dynamics in bimanual tasks performed by healthy participants and participants with chronic stroke using a haptic robotic system equipped with force sensors for each hand. Participants completed tasks at three damping levels: <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> (no damping), <span><math><mrow><mn>20</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> (low damping), and <span><math><mrow><mn>40</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> (moderate damping). Key parameters for trajectory of movement, velocity, manipulation force, and internal force were analyzed to assess movement stability and control. The results revealed that damping <span><math><mrow><mn>20</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> effectively stabilized movements in persons with stroke, reducing velocity deviations and making their performance more comparable to healthy participants, without introducing excessive resistance. In contrast, damping <span><math><mrow><mn>40</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span> acted as resistance training. Participants with stroke exhibited consistently higher internal forces than healthy participants, reflecting compensatory strategies and inefficient motor control. These findings demonstrate that low damping (<span><math><mrow><mn>20</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span>) offers an optimal balance between movement stabilization and resistance, highlighting its potential as a rehabilitation strategy, while moderate damping (<span><math><mrow><mn>40</mn><mspace></mspace><mfrac><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span>) may be reserved for resistance training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 476-484"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward the integration of mixed reality and brain-computer interfaces based on code-modulated visual evoked potentials","authors":"Selene Moreno-Calderón ,&nbsp;Víctor Martínez-Cagigal ,&nbsp;Ana Martín-Fernández ,&nbsp;Eduardo Santamaría-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Roberto Hornero","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Background and objective</em>: Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems can assist individuals with severe motor disabilities by enabling communication through their brain signals using spellers, which allow selecting commands from a set of options. For this technology, accuracy, speed and user comfort are essential. Code-modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEPs) have demonstrated promising performance in BCI control. Integrating BCI systems with mixed reality (MR) could provide portability and autonomy. However, to the best of our knowledge, no existing studies have explored the feasibility of combining MR with c-VEP-based BCIs. This study aims to: (1) evaluate the performance of integrating MR with c-VEP-based BCIs and (2) study the visual fatigue induced by c-VEPs compared to traditional screen. <em>Methods</em>: Twenty participants used a 36-character speller to select words in both MR and traditional screen conditions. Metrics like accuracy and information transfer rate (ITR) were measured. Usability and eyestrain were evaluated through questionnaires. <em>Results</em>: The integration of MR with c-VEPs achieved an accuracy of 96.71 % and an ITR of 27.55 bits/min, compared to 95.98 % accuracy and 27.10 bits/min for the conventional screen condition. The questionnaires revealed minimal levels of visual fatigue in both conditions and high usability. No significant differences were observed between conditions in terms of performance or visual fatigue. <em>Conclusions</em>: The c-VEP-based speller with MR-BCI technology proved feasible, achieving performance levels similar to the conventional setup, with high accuracy in both conditions. The study also found comparable visual fatigue between MR and traditional screens, supporting the practicality of MR integration in BCI systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 528-538"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A potential approach to detecting of gastrointestinal slow waves based on optically pumped magnetometers array","authors":"Yixiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinlei He ,&nbsp;Haoyue Li ,&nbsp;Linke Zhang ,&nbsp;Bing Yan ,&nbsp;Yuming Peng ,&nbsp;Qinggang Ge ,&nbsp;Ming Ding ,&nbsp;Yuxin Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gastrointestinal slow wave (SW) can be used to evaluate human gastrointestinal function. Compared with electrogastrogram and electroenterogram, SW magnetic signals measurement can obtain higher-quality results. Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) based on the spin exchange relaxation-free method have comparable weak magnetic detection capabilities to superconducting quantum interference devices, and does not require liquid helium. Therefore, this study developed a gastrointestinal SW signals measurement system using OPM sensors. Our system measured rat intestinal SW signals with a frequency of approximately 34.24 cpm, and simultaneously extracted human gastric SW signals of approximately 3 cpm and intestinal SW signals of 8–12 cpm for the first time. It was also observed that the postprandial gastrointestinal SW signals were significantly enhanced compared with the fasting state. The results exhibited consistent power and time–frequency characteristics with previous reports. In summary, the gastrointestinal SW signals measurement system based on OPM provides a new technical approach for detecting gastrointestinal SWs and diagnosing related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 549-559"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence models for wound infection recognition and their comparison with human results","authors":"Piotr Foltynski ,&nbsp;Karolina Kruszewska ,&nbsp;Arkadiusz Krakowiecki ,&nbsp;Bozena Czarkowska-Paczek ,&nbsp;Piotr Ladyzynski","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recognizing an infected wound based solely on a photograph can be a challenge and the aim of this work was to develop a machine learning model that would enable that. We selected 899 wound photographs taken at PODOS Wound Care Clinic (Warsaw, Poland). There were 445 photographs showing uninfected wounds, whereas 454 photographs showed infected wounds with positive microbiological test and antibiotic treatment. A test set was created by randomly selecting 82 photographs representing 42 uninfected and 40 infected wounds. From the remaining photographs, 154 were randomly selected for the validation set, and the remaining 663 formed the training set. Initially we used five pretrained YOLO models from generation 8 and five from generation 11. The 8th generation models performed better than 11th generation models and were then compared with the results of 6 experts and 6 nursing students. The post-hoc analysis revealed that AI models outperformed both specialists and students in terms of mean averaged precision (mAP), accuracy and F1 score, while the results of specialists and students did not differ significantly. For specialists, the medians of mAP, F1 score, and accuracy were 74.1 %, 76.4 %, and 74.4 %, respectively. For Students the medians were 68.4 %, 59.4 %, and 67.7 %, respectively; and for AI models the medians were 92.7 %, 92.9 %, and 92.7 %, respectively. The highest accuracy of 95.1 % of YOLOv8n model was significantly higher than the best specialist’s result of 84.1 %. These results suggest that artificial intelligence can significantly help caregivers recognize wound infection, so they can take appropriate action more quickly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 572-579"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of harmonic content findings of hand motor (dys)functionalities in Parkinson’s disease revealed by means of a sensory glove","authors":"Luca Pietrosanti ,&nbsp;Martina Patera ,&nbsp;Antonio Suppa ,&nbsp;Giovanni Costantini ,&nbsp;Nicola Arangino ,&nbsp;Franco Giannini ,&nbsp;Giovanni Saggio","doi":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbe.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hand functions are vital for performing daily activities, ensuring independence, and maintaining quality of life. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), impaired hand function affects fine motor skills, dexterity, and coordination, leading to difficulties in self-care, communication, and work-related tasks. As such, correct hand function assessment in PD is among the crucial aspects in evaluating motor impairment, in guiding treatment and tracking disease progression. Here, we report objective results obtained in assessing hand (dys)functionalities using an on-the-shelves fingerless sensory glove, named MANUS Quantum Metaglove, capable of sensing the variations of an electromagnetic field (EMF) sourced on the dorsal part of the hand and revealed by EMF coils at the fingers tips. A total of 65 people (35 PD patients and 30 healthy subjects for reference) were asked to perform standard motor tasks, and both most affected and least affected hands were assessed for opening-closing, grasping and pronation-supination movements. Differing from the generally adopted spatiotemporal analysis, taking a cue from non-linear theory adopted in electronics, we focused on spectral characteristics of the measured signals, specifically examining harmonic content and related harmonic distortions. As a result, we report how the adopted sensory glove, ensemble with spectral analysis, can be able to consistently assess hand motor (in)abilities in PD subjects and healthy subjects. In fact according to our results, PD patients significatively performed with hand motion signals affected by harmonic distortions, which revealed that the greater the complexity of the motor task, the greater the spread of the signal across harmonic frequencies, whilst healthy subjects perform with signals mostly around the fundamental frequency, as a marker of movement smoothness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55381,"journal":{"name":"Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 507-514"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}