Biological Conservation最新文献

{"title":"International border fences and walls negatively affect wildlife: A review","authors":"Cole Sennett,&nbsp;Carol L. Chambers","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since 2001 there has been a global increase in border barrier (fences, walls) construction, most often for border security and to dissuade human access. In this review we summarize effects of anthropogenic international border barriers on wildlife, identify whether issues of habitat fragmentation, gene flow, water access, climate change, and conservation were considered, and how animal size and mobility influenced response to these barriers. We conducted a literature review for studies describing effects of international border barriers on animals and categorized information about wildlife species, barriers and their effects. We found 42 peer-reviewed journal articles that represented studies from four continents (Africa, Asia, Europe, North America) or referenced barriers globally. All articles were published after 2006, indicating increased interest in wildlife in the context of border barriers. Barrier heights ranged from 1.5 to 8 m. Most studies focused on large mammals (≥25 kg) of high mobility. Habitat fragmentation and conservation issues were most frequently considered, with fewer discussing issues of gene flow, water as a limiting resource, or effects of climate change. Ten of 29 wildlife species had decreasing populations and were listed as at risk. Research on the ecological effects of these barriers on wildlife is thus inadequate for identifying threats given the current extensive border fortification globally, especially in the last decade. Barriers presented a negative effect for mobile species and contributed to the decline of animal populations, including those identified as threatened or endangered. Recommendations to prevent further degradation of habitat include cross-border collaboration, creation of peace parks, use of technologically advanced surveillance instead of physical barriers, placing fences in areas that would not disrupt wildlife migration routes, creating wildlife-friendly openings in fences, and wildlife-friendly fencing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One cannot have it all: Trading-off ecosystem services and biodiversity bundles in landscape connectivity restoration","authors":"Margot Neyret ,&nbsp;Daniel Richards ,&nbsp;Marie-Caroline Prima ,&nbsp;Thomas R. Etherington ,&nbsp;Sandra Lavorel","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Countering the impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on ecosystems requires complementing conservation areas with Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures within landscapes to promote biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services (ES). However, critical knowledge gaps persist in where and how natural elements should be restored to improve landscape connectivity to simultaneously support, and reduce trade-offs between biodiversity and ES. In virtual landscape experiments that allow exploring the effects of spatial patterns systematically, we generated alternative landscape restoration scenarios aimed at fostering ecological connectivity. Scenarios varied in the location and size of restored areas complementing existing natural areas. We analysed the impact of these scenarios on four bundles representing distinct priorities of target ES and biodiversity-related values. As expected, all bundles were favoured by increasing restored area in the landscape, but they were promoted by different spatial configurations. Restoration scenarios that fostered high aggregation of natural habitats promoted <em>biodiversity</em> and <em>cultural value</em>-related bundles, while smaller natural elements dispersed throughout the landscape were more beneficial for the <em>sustainable production</em> and <em>climate adaptation</em> bundles. These contrasts were most pronounced at low restoration targets, where landscape configuration had greatest impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Effective spatial planning of restoration initiatives within landscapes should consider these trade-offs, along with context-specific constraints, when prioritizing areas for restoration or conservation. Our findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of how protected and restored areas can be integrated within landscapes to jointly support connectivity for both biodiversity and people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the impacts of soil moisture and vapour pressure deficit on biodiversity patterns and conservation value of tropical forests in Ghana, West Africa","authors":"Forzia Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Stephen Adu-Bredu ,&nbsp;Arne Buechling ,&nbsp;Akwasi Duah-Gyamfi ,&nbsp;Shalom Addo-Danso ,&nbsp;Yadvinder Malhi ,&nbsp;Somidh Saha ,&nbsp;Stephen Awuni ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Tetteh Jumpah ,&nbsp;Martin Svátek ,&nbsp;Radim Matula","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African tropical forests are recognised for their important contributions to biodiversity conservation and carbon storage, yet they remain notably understudied. Understanding how current climatic conditions regulate species composition and diversity is crucial for predicting the resilience of these ecosystems in an era of global change. This study examines biodiversity patterns and the conservation status of species among disjunct forest communities in wet, moist and dry forest zones of Ghana, West Africa. Detailed forest inventory data were collected to assess community composition and tree diversity metrics. We analysed how climatic factors influenced variations in tree diversity and the occurrence of at-risk species. A total of 3471 trees representing 242 species were surveyed, with 17.4 % classified as threatened or near-threatened according to global extinction risk assessments. Tree diversity declined significantly from wet to dry forest communities. We found that vapour pressure deficit (VPD) negatively affected community diversity potential across the study area. However, we also detected evidence for potential mitigation of VPD impacts by greater soil moisture storage, leading to stable biodiversity levels in more mesic soil environments. At-risk species were more common in high-rainfall regions relative to drier environments. However, across the study area, the number of at-risk species increased with the combined effects of high VPD and low soil moisture. This study highlights the distinct roles of VPD and soil water storage in maintaining tropical forest tree diversity, with important implications for ecosystem stability in a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Mukhlis Ibrahim,&nbsp;Stefany Darsan,&nbsp;Endah Nurwahyuni,&nbsp;Hamka","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110987","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the special issue: Leveraging genetics in spatial conservation prioritization","authors":"Marco Andrello ,&nbsp;Erica S. Nielsen ,&nbsp;Cassidy C. D'Aloia","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This special issue sought to stimulate research on the inclusion of intraspecific genetic data and processes into spatial conservation prioritization, which identifies priority areas to implement conservation or restoration actions. The six papers published in this special issue cover terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems and make use of different molecular markers (mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites and single-nucleotide polymorphisms). They offer good examples of the different conservation objectives that can be pursued by using genetic data; of the use of different molecular markers; and of the techniques needed to spatialize molecular data. They highlight important steps toward operationalizing molecular information to meet conservation goals of having comprehensive, adequate, representative, efficient, and connected protected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110927"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Peace Corridors: A new conservation strategy to protect human and biological diversity","authors":"Roberto Cazzolla Gatti","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a highly anthropized world with increasing human conflicts and a global call for expanding both protected and indigenous areas, we must reevaluate the importance of corridors. Here I propose a new conservation tool, called Ecological Peace Corridors (EPCs), as crucial for preserving biodiversity and encouraging peacekeeping. These corridors can facilitate wildlife movement and genetic exchange, counteracting the fragmentation caused by human activities. The importance of EPCs will grow as habitat fragmentation increases, highlighting the need for proactive conservation strategies and sustainable land-use planning. The 30 × 30 initiative aims to expand protected areas but to reach its full potential, it must be paired with rewilding and land-sharing strategies. Rewilding restores ecosystems to their natural states, enhancing ecological processes and resilience, while land sharing integrates conservation into human-dominated landscapes, promoting coexistence and connectivity. Buffer zones, part of the EPC framework, reduce conflicts by providing neutral spaces, thus enhancing safety for humans and wildlife. These efforts boost habitat connectivity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem resilience, aligning with global conservation goals. EPCs, by promoting biodiversity preservation and geopolitical stability, offer a solution to challenges like biodiversity loss, climate change, and human conflict. Their successful implementation requires international cooperation, long-term planning, and a commitment to both ecological and human well-being. A methodology for identifying EPCs is here proposed and includes the use of AI-ML for land cover classification, gap analysis to identify priority areas, and Least Cost Path (LCP) analysis to optimize corridor routes by balancing ecological needs with social considerations. The Italian zonation system of National Parks is suggested as a model for planning EPCs, balancing conservation and human needs. Therefore, EPCs can address environmental and geopolitical challenges in conflict zones by removing military infrastructures, restoring vegetation, establishing patrolled corridors, fostering biodiversity conservation and peacebuilding. This approach not only benefits ecosystems and wildlife but also promotes cooperation and trust among neighbouring countries, paving the way for sustainable peace in conflict-affected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open-source, environmentally dynamic machine learning models demonstrate behavior-dependent utilization of mixed-use landscapes by jaguars (Panthera onca)","authors":"Jay M. Schoen ,&nbsp;Ruth DeFries ,&nbsp;Sam Cushman","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how wide-ranging animals, such as large carnivores, respond to a dynamic environment is central to landscape and movement ecology and critical for applied conservation scenarios (e.g., landscape connectivity). Historically, however, analyses have predominantly been restricted to local areas and/or small sample sizes, used temporally static layers, and/or not accounted for unique behavioral states (e.g., resting, foraging, exploring) that drive patterns of individual movement. These limitations bound the applicability of current models – particularly for landscape connectivity-based conservation objectives, which require understanding of exploratory or dispersal movement behavior to maintain genetic diversity between geographically isolated populations. Here, we use multiple machine learning techniques and dynamic environmental data to develop behavior-specific resource selection functions for jaguars (<em>Panthera onca</em>) throughout a large portion of their range. We use Hidden Markov Models to classify individual telemetry data into resting, local, or exploratory movement. Then, using dynamic environmental data, including custom-built edge metrics, we employ Random Forest to model the responses of all individuals to the environment while in 1) all movement states, 2) resting and local movement, and 3) exploratory movement. Individuals in the exploratory state demonstrated several responses that deviate substantially from the current understanding of this species' movement ecology. Specifically, compared to resting/local movement, jaguars in the exploratory state were more likely to move through anthropogenic areas, low tree cover, and areas farther from high tree cover. As similar, less risk-averse behavior has been reported in other carnivores during larger scale movements such as dispersal, these exploratory movement patterns may be a proxy for dispersal movement tendencies and thus more applicable for connectivity planning for jaguars, particularly in mixed-use landscapes. The data and modeling framework are derived entirely open-source and may be applied broadly to further behavior-specific movement ecology, dynamic landscape ecology, and associated conservation scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased wind flood frequency leads to decreased nest success of endangered waders in managed shore meadows","authors":"Kari Koivula ,&nbsp;Hanna Algora ,&nbsp;Eveliina Airaksinen ,&nbsp;Jelena Belojević ,&nbsp;Clemens Küpper ,&nbsp;Mikko Oranen ,&nbsp;Veronika A. Rohr-Bender ,&nbsp;Nelli Rönkä ,&nbsp;James D.M. Tolliver ,&nbsp;Veli-Matti Pakanen","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is expected to raise sea-levels and increase sea-level variation, which can have negative effects on the biodiversity of low-lying coastal areas. Using long-term mareograph (1970–2023) and breeding data (2002−22), we studied the occurrence of wind floods and their influence on breeding success in two endangered wading birds, the southern dunlin (<em>Calidris alpina schinzii</em>) and the ruff (<em>Calidris pugnax</em>) in managed coastal meadows in the northern Baltic Sea. In both species, flooding was an important cause of nest losses (dunlins 23.9 %, ruffs 21.4 %). Nest losses due to flooding increased from 10 % to 46 % during the 20-year dunlin study period, and from 9 % to 49 % during the seven-year ruff study period. Dunlins, but not ruffs, breed now closer to the shoreline than in the beginning of the study period. This can likely be explained by long-term overgrowth and increase in sward height in upper meadows due to lacking or inappropriate management. After a water level rise of 40 cm or more, flood losses in dunlins increased sharply, while in ruffs only moderately<em>.</em> Importantly, the frequency of floods reaching such critical levels has increased during the last 50 years. These flooding events require strong winds, but not actual storm winds. The increased flooding risk should be considered when planning the management of meadow habitats. Narrow elongated areas along shorelines should be avoided. Instead, management should secure attractive short growth habitats in the upper parts of meadows that are safe from flooding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of utilising semiochemical pest control methods to manage the destructive crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks on coral reefs","authors":"Richard J. Harris ,&nbsp;d’Artagnan L. Barnard ,&nbsp;Gillian Paxton ,&nbsp;Stewart Lockie ,&nbsp;David J. Craik ,&nbsp;Scott F. Cummins ,&nbsp;Conan K. Wang ,&nbsp;Cherie A. Motti","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2025.110984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (<em>Acanthaster</em> cf. <em>solaris</em>; CoTS) is arguably the most destructive non-human animal to coral reefs, significantly impeding coral survival in the face of the foremost effects of climate change and coral bleaching. Controlling the unprecedented number of CoTS outbreaks and damage on reef systems is vital for the survival of the reef ecosystem. The emergent strategy of using semiochemicals in terrestrial pest control management, due to their environmentally friendly nature, has generated interest in their application to control populations of this destructive species. However, there have been only a limited number of studies on promising semiochemical applications within aquatic systems. This Perspectives Review provides a much-needed outlook of CoTS chemosensory and semiochemical repertoire, how we might hypothetically utilise semiochemicals with regard to modifying CoTS behaviours and discusses future research directions and the scope for innovative semiochemical technologies with the aim of sustainably controlling CoTS populations, thereby mitigating their devastating outbreaks and destruction of coral reef systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of toxic baiting for the control of canines and felines","authors":"Yong Zhi Foo ,&nbsp;Daniel W.A. Noble ,&nbsp;Patrick L. Taggart","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toxic baiting has been widely adopted for the control of exotic canines and felines. However, high variability in findings make it difficult to gauge the overall efficacy of this control method. We conducted a meta-analysis of the efficacy of baiting for the feral cat, red fox and dingo; our outcome of interest was apparent predator survival. Our dataset contained 121 effects from 34 studies, comprising 1402 individuals tested. When baits were distributed along tracks they increased the risk of predator death by 46 % relative to controls. However, when baits were distributed more broadly across areas the risk of predator death was comparable between baited and unbaited areas. We found no evidence that baiting was more effective at reducing canine relative to feline populations. We additionally found no evidence that Eradicat® achieved greater cat death than other baits. Higher bait densities achieved a greater risk of predator death for track baiting, but not area baiting. We found no evidence that repeat bait applications over short periods of time achieve a greater risk of predator death than single bait applications; this was consistent across both design types. Similarly, we found no evidence for an effect of bait matrix (fresh meat, dry processed bait, mixture) for either design type. Our study shows that many accepted baiting practices have little empirical support and are premature given the available sparse evidence. Further, rigorous research is of high priority in this field and will assist in clarifying the use of lethal baiting as a conservation tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55375,"journal":{"name":"Biological Conservation","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 110912"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}